VOA慢速英语2020 美国新政要求完全网上授课的国际学生离境（在线收听）

International students will be forced to leave the United States or change colleges if their school plans to offer online-only classes later this year.

如果国际学生所上的学校今年下半年只提供在线课程，那么他们将被迫离开美国或者更换学校。

The requirement is part of new guidance from U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, or ICE. The federal agency announced the measures on Monday. They provide additional pressure for universities to reopen as concern grows about the spread of COVID-19 among young adults.

这是美国移民和海关执法局最新指南的一部分。这家联邦机构周一宣布了这些措施。随着人们对新冠病毒在年轻人当中传播的担忧日益增加，他们给大学复课施加了额外的压力。

Colleges learned of the rules the same day that some schools, including Harvard University, announced that all classes this autumn would be offered online.

美国大学当天就了解到了这些规则，包括哈佛大学在内的一些高校宣布，今年秋季全部课程都将在网上进行。

U.S. President Donald Trump has urged schools and colleges to restart in-person classes as soon as possible. Soon after the guidance was released, Trump wrote on Twitter that schools must reopen this fall. He said Democratic Party lawmakers want to keep schools closed "for political reasons, not for health reasons."

美国总统川普督促学校和大学尽快重启面授课程。这份指南发布后不久，川普在推特上写道，学校必须在今年秋季复课。他说，民主党议员希望学校停课“是出于政治原因，而不是出于健康原因。”

U.S. immigration officials suspended some requirements for international students early in the pandemic. But colleges were waiting for guidance on what would happen in the fall. ICE told schools of the changes Monday, and said that official rules would be available soon.

在大流行初期，美国移民官员暂停了对国际学生的某些要求。但是大学在等待秋季的指南。美国移民和海关执法局向学校通报了这些变化，并表示官方规定将会很快发布。

Under the rules, international students must take at least some of their classes in person. New visas will not be given to students at schools or programs that are fully online. Even at colleges offering a mix of in-person and online classes, international students will be barred from taking all of their classes online.

根据规定，国际学生必须至少参加一些面授课程。就读完全在网上授课的学校或课程的学生无法获得新的签证。即使就读面授和网课结合的学校的国际学生也被禁止全部在网上上课。

The rules create an urgent problem for thousands of international students. Many became trapped in the United States last spring after the coronavirus forced their schools to move online.

这些规定给成千上万的国际学生制造了亟需解决的问题。在今年春天的新冠病毒迫使学校改成网上授课之后，很多国际学生被困到了美国。

International students who attend schools that are staying online must "depart the country or take other measures, such as transferring to a school with in-person instruction," ICE said.

美国移民和海关执法局表示，就读维持网上授课的学校的国际学生必须“离开美国，或者采取其它措施，例如转入一所提供面授课程的学校。”

The American Council on Education, which represents university presidents, described the guidelines as "horrifying."

代表美国大学校长的美国教育委员会称该指南“令人震惊。”

An international student may have to leave the U.S. if their school experiences an outbreak and goes fully online after the fall term begins. It is not clear what would happen if a student was in such a situation but faced travel restrictions from their home country, said Terry Hartle, the council's senior vice president.

如果秋季开学后学校爆发疫情并且全部改到网上授课，则国际学生可能必须离开美国。美国教育委员会高级副主席特里·哈特尔表示，目前尚不清楚如果学生陷入这种状况，但又面临本国的旅行限制该怎么办。

The international education group NAFSA also criticized the rules. It said school officials should be given the power to make decisions that are right for their own campuses. It said the guidance "is harmful to international students and puts their health and well-being and that of the entire higher education community at risk."

美国国际教育者协会也批评了这些规定。它说，学校官员应该有权做出适合自己学校的决定。该协会说，这份指南“对国际学生不利，并使他们的健康和福祉，以及整个高等教育社区的健康和福祉受到威胁。”

Nearly 400,000 foreigners received student visas in the 12-month period that ended on September 30, 2019. That number is down more than 40 percent from four years earlier. School administrations partly blame visa processing delays.

截至2019年9月30日的一年时间里，有近40万外国人获得了学生签证。与四年前相比，这一数字下降了40%以上。学校管理部门将部分原因归咎于签证处理的延迟。

Colleges and universities across the U.S. were already expecting a sharp drop in international student numbers this fall. But losing all international students could be disastrous for some schools. Many depend heavily on tuition payments from international students, who often pay higher rates.

美国各地的大学已经预计到今年秋季国际学生人数将会急剧下降。但是，失去所有国际学生对某些学校来说可能是灾难性的。许多学校严重依赖国际学生支付的学费，他们通常要支付更高的学费。

Critics of Trump sharply criticized the new guidance. Vermont Senator Bernie Sanders, an Independent, said the "cruelty of this White House knows no bounds."

川普的批评者强烈批评了这份新的指南。佛蒙特州参议员伯尼·桑德斯表示，白宫的残酷没有止境。

"Foreign students are being threatened with a choice: risk your life going to class in-person or get deported," Sanders wrote on Twitter.

桑德斯在推特上写道：“外国学生被威胁要做出选择，要么冒着生命危险去上面授课，要么被驱逐出境。”

Many colleges have said they plan to offer at least some classes in person this fall, but some say it is too risky. Last week, the University of Southern California changed its plan to bring students to campus, with officials saying classes will instead be offered mostly online. On Monday, Harvard said it plans to invite only first-year students to live on its grounds. Its classes, however, will stay online.

许多大学表示他们计划在秋季至少开设部分面授课程，但是有些学校认为这样做太冒险了。上周，南加州大学更改了让学生重返校园的计划，有关官员称大部分课程都将在网上进行。周一，哈佛大学称其仅计划邀请大一学生住进校园。然而，它的课程仍然将在网上进行。

I'm Ashley Thompson.

我是阿什利·汤普森。