纽约时报对煤炭欲罢不能地球已经岌岌可危(3)（打印版）

That contest is particularly stark in Southeast Asia, one of the world’s last frontiers of coal expansion.

这一竞争在东南亚，世界上最后几个煤炭扩张的边疆之一，尤为明显。

Nguy Thi Khanh has seen the contest close-up in Vietnam.

阮氏庆在越南亲眼见证了这场竞争。

Born in 1976, a year after the end of the war, she remembers doing homework by the light of a kerosene lamp.

出生于1976年——也即（越南）战争结束的次年——的她还记得自己在煤油灯下做功课的情形。

In her northern village, the electricity failed several hours a day.

在她北边的村庄，每天都要断电好几个小时。

When it rained, there was no power at all.

下雨的时候就会整天整天地停电。

When it came, it came from a coal plant not far away.

来电的时候，电也是从不远处的一个煤电厂输送来的。

When her mother hung laundry to dry, ash settled on the clothes.

她妈妈晾衣服的时候，煤灰就会落在衣服上。

Today, pretty much every household in Vietnam, population 95 million, has electricity.

如今，越南，人口9500万，几乎每个家庭都已经通电。

Hanoi, the capital, where Ms. Nguy now lives, is in a frenzy of new construction,

首都河内，阮小姐现在居住的地方，如今正在大肆兴建土木，

with soaring demand for cement and steel — both energy guzzlers.

对于水泥和钢铁需求不断飙升——而这两种原料的制作都需要大量的能源。

The economy is galloping.

越南的经济正在腾飞。

And, up and down the coast, 1,600 kilometers in length, foreign companies, mainly from Japan and China, are building coal plants.

而且，海岸线，长达1600公里，沿岸地区从北往南，建设煤电厂的外国企业比比皆是，其中又主要是日本企业和中国企业。

One such project is in Nghi Son, a onetime fishing village south of Hanoi and now home to a sprawling industrial zone.

其中一个项目就在仪山工业区，该地曾经是河内南部的一个渔村，如今已经成了一个庞大的工业区的所在地。

The first power plant opened here in 2013.

这里的第一座发电厂开业于2013年。

Japan’s overseas aid organization, the Japan International Cooperation Agency, paid for it.

该发电厂的资金来自于日本海外援助组织“日本国际协力机构”。

The Japanese trading house Marubeni developed it.

负责修建的是日本贸易企业丸红株式会社。

A second coal-fired power plant, far bigger, is under construction next door.

如今，一座规模更大的燃煤发电厂已经在该发电厂旁边施工了。

Marubeni is building that too, along with a Korean company.

参与建设的还是丸红株式会社，此外还有一家韩国企业。

The Japan Bank for International Cooperation, an export credit agency meant to lower financial risk for private lenders, is helping to fund it.

日本国际合作银行，一个帮助私人贷方降低财务风险的出口信贷机构，也在筹备为该项目提供部分经费。

In the shadow of the smokestack, Nguyen Thi Thu Thien was drying shrimp on the side of the road and complaining bitterly.

在煤电厂大烟囱的阴影下，阮氏秋天正在路边一边晒虾，一边一个劲儿地抱怨。

She had moved out of her house after the power plant built an ash pond right in front.

因为发电厂在她家门口挖了一个灰池，她便不得不从自己家搬了出来。

“The coal dust has blackened my house,” she said. “Even the trees are dying. We can’t live there.”

“煤灰把我们家房子都给弄黑了，”她说。“连树都死了。人也住不下去了。”