美国国家公共电台 NPR 阿富汗与塔利班的和谈陷入僵局（在线收听）

Afghan peace talks began back on Sept. 12, but they have been stalled for weeks now over a Taliban demand that has put many Afghans on edge. NPR's Diaa Hadid reports.

阿富汗和谈于9月12日开启，但由于塔利班的要求使许多阿富汗人感到紧张，谈判已经停滞数周。NPR新闻的迪亚·哈迪德将带来详细报道。

DIAA HADID, BYLINE: Only days into the negotiations, the Taliban and Afghan government hit an impasse. Andrew Watkins is a senior researcher with the International Crisis Group.

迪亚·哈迪德连线：谈判启动仅几天后，塔利班和阿富汗政府就陷入了僵局。安德鲁·沃特金斯是国际危机组织的高级研究员。

ANDREW WATKINS: Ironically, the two sides have reached a deadlock about what set of rules to refer to when they reach a deadlock.

安德鲁·沃特金斯：讽刺的是，陷入僵局的原因是双方在僵持不下时应参照哪种规则产生了分歧。

HADID: Yes, the Taliban asked that a specific version of Islamic law be used to resolve any conflict that arises during the talks. It's a version of Islamic law that's followed by most Afghan Sunni Muslims, and it's called the Hanafi school. But government negotiators argue this form of Islamic law excludes Shiites, and they're a large minority in Afghanistan. This early hurdle has exposed a key issue that negotiators have to resolve. What is the future identity of the Afghan state? Elizabeth Threlkeld is a senior fellow and the South Asia deputy director at the Washington-based Stimson Center.

哈迪德：没错，塔利班要求用特定版本的伊斯兰法来解决谈判中出现的任何冲突。这是大多数阿富汗逊尼派穆斯林所遵循的伊斯兰法的一个版本，被称为哈纳菲学派。但阿富汗政府谈判代表认为，这种形式的伊斯兰法将什叶派排除在外，而什叶派是阿富汗人数众多的少数民族。这一早期障碍暴露了谈判人员必须解决的一个关键问题。即阿富汗这个国家未来的身份是什么？伊丽莎白·思雷尔科德是华盛顿智库史汀生中心的高级研究员和南亚区副主任。

ELIZABETH THRELKELD: This is a debate about whose views are represented and included in the future Afghan states and, specifically, how the rights of minority groups will be protected.

伊丽莎白·思雷尔科德：这是一场关于哪方观点在未来的阿富汗国家中得以体现和纳入的辩论，特别是少数群体的权利将如何得到保护。

HADID: And already, it sparked fears among Afghans that the Taliban want to go back to the days of their rule in the '90s, when they persecuted Shiites. This is Mehdi Hakimi. He's an expert on Afghan law and the executive director of the Rule of Law program at Stanford Law School. He says the Taliban's demand...

哈迪德：这已经在阿富汗人中引发了恐惧，他们担心塔利班想要回到其统治阿富汗并迫害什叶派的90年代。以下是马赫迪·哈基米所说。 他是阿富汗法律专家，也是斯坦福法学院法治项目的执行主任。他说塔利班的要求……

MEHDI HAKIMI: ...Is unfortunately eerily similar to the language and ideology behind the persecution and even massacres of religious and ethnic minorities in Afghanistan in the past.

哈基米：不幸的是，与过去在阿富汗迫害、甚至屠杀宗教少数派和少数民族背后的语言和意识形态极为相似。

HADID: A senior Taliban official who isn't authorized to speak to the media insists that Shiites will be able to live by their own rules. But for these negotiations, they have to use this specific form of Islamic law. Andrew Watkins of the Crisis Group says this shows the Taliban don't really understand how Afghans perceive them after decades of war. But he adds...

哈迪德：一名塔利班高级官员坚称，什叶派将能够按照自己的规则生活，但这名官员未被授权接受媒体采访。但就谈判而言，他们必须使用这一特殊形式的伊斯兰法。国际危机组织的安德鲁·沃特金斯表示，这表明塔利班并不真正理解阿富汗人在经历了数十年的战争后是如何看待他们的。但他补充说，

WATKINS: It is a good thing that both sides are confronted very early on with just how concerned or fearful the other side is.

沃特金斯：这是件好事，因为双方很早就清楚对方有多担心或害怕。

HADID: He says it's also a good reminder to the negotiators and their backers that every step of the talks is likely to be this way.

哈迪德：他说，这也很好地提醒了谈判代表和他们的支持者，谈判的每一步可能都会是这种情况。

Diaa Hadid, NPR News, Islamabad.

NPR新闻，迪亚·哈迪德伊斯兰堡报道。