纽约时报 政府停摆 美国经济开始震荡(2)（在线收听）

The same is true at the Securities and Exchange Commission,

证券交易委员会的情况也是一样，

which has come to a standstill with “only an extremely limited number of staff members available to respond to emergency situations,”

该机构已经停摆，“只有数量非常有限的少量应对紧急情况的工作人员还在继续工作，”

according to a shutdown plan posted on the commission’s website.

委员会网站上公布的停摆计划显示。

As the effect moves well beyond the nation’s capital,

随着特朗普政府停摆的影响远超出首都地区，

craft brewers cannot get approval from the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau for new beer labels.

精酿啤酒商无法从烟酒税收与贸易局那里拿到新啤酒标签的批准。

And the Commerce Department has stopped processing requests

商务部也停止了处理

from auto suppliers and other manufacturing companies seeking an exemption from Mr. Trump’s metal tariffs,

汽车供应商和其他制造企业提交的寻求豁免特朗普制定的金属关税的申请，

leaving them uncertain over the price they will need to pay for key materials this year.

使得企业们心里对今年购买关键材料所需支付的价格没了底。

Farmers who planned to apply for subsidies to help mitigate the effect of Mr. Trump’s trade war

计划申请补贴，帮忙缓解特朗普贸易战的影响的那些农民

must wait to get paid until the Agriculture Department’s Farm Service Agency offices reopen.

也要等到农业部农业局办公室重新运转起来才能领到补贴。

And in neighborhoods across the country,

据Zillow估计，在全国各地的社区，

as many as 39,000 federally backed mortgage applications may have already been delayed

可能有将近3.9万份联邦政府支持的抵押贷款申请

because of reduced staffing in federal agencies, according to Zillow estimates.

因为联邦机构人手不够被推迟。

The tax refund decision flies in the face of previous shutdown plans — and interpretations of federal law —

这一退税决定和之前的政府停摆计划——以及他们对联邦法律的解释——是背道而驰的，

when the I.R.S. was prohibited from dispensing tax refunds.

因为那时，国税局是被禁止发放退税的。

The earliest I.R.S. statistics from 2018 show that 18 million individual tax returns had been filed by Feb. 2.

国税局2018年最早的统计数据显示，截至2018年2月2日，已经有1800万份个人纳税申报单。

By that point, the I.R.S. had issued more than six million refunds, totaling $12.6 billion — an average refund of $2,035.

那时，国税局已经发放了600多万份，总计126亿美元的退税——平均每份的退税金额为2035美元。

The agency issued more than $324 billion in refunds for all of last year.

去年全年，该机构一共发放了3240亿美元的退税。

Several nonprofit organizations, including the Federal Law Enforcement Officers Association,

为此，一些非盈利组织，包括“联邦执法人员协会”，

are trying to aid Department of Homeland Security workers

已经开始帮助国土安全部的工作人员，

who need immediate help with a limited pool of cash and other resources,

因为他们现金等资源都非常有限因而继续外界的帮助，

an officer with the group’s charitable foundation said.

该组织下属慈善基金会的一名工作人员说到。

The Navy Federal Credit Union is offering no-interest loans to service members who face the prospect of missed paychecks.

“海军联邦信用联盟”也为可能会拿不到工资的服役人员提供了无息贷款。

USAA, though, has drawn criticism from members of the Coast Guard for offering similar loans that charge interest.

USAA保险公司则因为在提供类似贷款的时候收取了利息受到了海岸警卫队队员的批评。

Secret Service agents are growing increasingly anxious and angry about the shutdown,

特勤局特工对政府停摆一事已经越来越焦虑，越来越愤怒了，

according to several current and former agents.

据几位现任和前任特工透露。

The Secret Service protects 42 people associated with the Trump White House,

该局负责保护与特朗普领导下的白宫有关的42名人士，

11 more than were given details during the Obama administration.

其中，起码有11位的详细身份都在奥巴马在任期间公开了。

In August 2017, the agency’s new director, Randolph D. Alles, told an interviewer

2017年8月，该局的新任局长伦道夫·D.阿列斯曾向一位记者透露

that the sprawling Trump entourage was putting unprecedented strains on his agents, in terms of staffing and budgeting.

特朗普庞大的随从队伍让他手下的特工们在人员配备和预算方面感受到了前所未有的压力。