时代周刊:揭秘性罪犯治疗 和性犯罪者一起接受治疗(2)（在线收听）

The more than 800,000 registered sex offenders in the U.S. may feel that their parole restrictions are onerous,

美国80多万名登记在册的性犯罪者或许会觉得假释的限制条件太过苛刻，

but the mere presence of a known offender in almost any community

然而，无论哪个社区，但凡有为人所知的性犯罪者出现，

precipitates clashes of competing interests and legal battles that have only intensified in the wake of the #MeToo movement.

“#我也是”运动后本就已经加剧的利益冲突和官司斗争基本就会来得更快。

In at least 10 recent lawsuits filed in states from Pennsylvania to Colorado,

从宾夕法尼亚到科罗拉多，各州最近接到的至少10起诉讼中，

civil rights proponents argue that sex offenders face unconstitutional punishments that other criminals do not,

民权倡导者们都声称，性犯罪者还面临着其他类型的罪犯未曾面临的违宪性质的惩罚，

and they note that there are no government registries for murderers or other violent felons in most states.

他们还指出，大多数州政府都没有针对杀人犯或其他暴力型重罪犯的黑名单。

The Supreme Court is scheduled to hear a case challenging the limits of the registry in its October term.

最高法院计划在下一年度内审理一起质疑其登记制度局限性的案件。

But advocates for the millions of women, men and children who have experienced sexual violence are pushing back on any reforms,

但为数百万遭受过性暴力的女性，男性以及儿童发声的权益倡导者们正在反抗任何形式的改革，

and 12 states have passed or proposed further restrictions on offenders in the past year.

而且，过去的一年里，有12个州都已经通过或者提出了进一步限制性犯罪者的议案。

"What most of my clients want is their attacker gone," says Lisa Anderson, a lawyer who represents survivors of rape.

“我客户中有大多数人想要的结果都是那些伤害他们的人能够从这个世界上消失，”为强奸幸存者代理案件的律师丽莎·安德森说道。

"If I could brand them with a scarlet letter on their forehead, I would, because I don't want any woman hurt like that again."

“我要是能在他们的额头上烙一个红字，我就烙，因为我不想让其他女性也受到那样的伤害。”

Most people find it difficult to reconcile the hope that rehabilitation is possible with the impulse to push these men to the periphery of society forever.

大多数人都发现，他们很难调和弃恶从善也有可能这一希望和将那些人永远地推到社会的边缘的冲动。

Punitive measures alone, however, have not been found to meaningfully increase community safety.

然而，就目前来看，仅靠惩罚措施还不能有效地加强社区的安全。

Meanwhile, therapy—when paired with tough parole restrictions—can significantly reduce the chance of re-offending,

但治疗——和严格的假释限制结合起来的时候——能显著地降低性犯罪者再次犯罪的几率，

according to the American Psychological Association.

据美国心理协会透露。

"It's hard for me to believe that someone could violently ignore the will of another and then be taught not to cross that line," says Anderson.

“很难让我相信，会粗暴地无视他人的意愿的人也能听从教导不再越界，”安德森说。

"But if it's possible to teach them empathy, then that should be mandatory.

“但如果这种治疗可以教会他们同理心的话，那就应该强制让他们接受这种治疗。”

There are about 2,350 therapists across the nation who provide court-mandated treatment to sex offenders.

美国大约有2350名治疗师为性犯罪者提供法庭强制的心理治疗。

(Counseling is also offered through prisons and other government institutions.)

(政府也会通过监狱或其他机构提供这类服务。)

Judges refer the offenders to psychologists or clinical social workers who are authorized by states.

法官们会将罪犯移交给州政府授权的心理学家或临床社会工作者。

In some cases, the government subsidizes the cost of treatment.

有时，政府还会补贴治疗费用。

Private therapists can refuse to see certain patients at their discretion.

私人治疗师可自行决定拒绝接受某些病人。

Cheryl, a clinical social worker, and Jennifer, a licensed professional counselor, oversee the weekly meetings in the bungalow.

这间平房里举行的每周一次的例会就是临床社会工作者谢丽尔和有执照的专业咨询师詹妮弗负责监管的。

They have worked with both victims and perpetrators for almost 20 years.

两人都有近20年与受害者或者罪犯一起工作的经验。

They do not have to accept all referrals from the state––

她们不需要接受州政府推荐的所有性犯罪者——

and they say there are certain men they simply won't treat, such as those who repeatedly prey on children, and seem unwilling to change.

他们还说，有些人，比如反复欺凌儿童，看上去还不愿悔改的那些人，他们是根本就不给治疗的。