时代周刊:候任CIA局长吉娜·哈斯佩尔在审讯中扮演的角色一瞥（在线收听）

A BRIEF HISTORY OF CIA director nominee Gina Haspel’s role in interrogation programs

候任CIA局长吉娜·哈斯佩尔在审讯中扮演的角色一瞥

BY W.J. Hennigan

文/W.J.亨尼根

EVER SINCE PRESIDENT TRUMP TAPPED Gina Haspel to lead the CIA nearly two months ago,

近两个月前，特朗普总统任命吉娜·哈斯佩尔为新任中情局局长，从那时起，

fierce debate has engulfed Washington over her suitability to run the agency.

围绕她是否适合执掌该机构，华盛顿展开了激烈的辩论。

Haspel, a 33-year intelligence operative who would become the first woman to lead the CIA,

有着33年情报工作经验的哈斯佩尔即将成为首位中情局女局长，

remains embroiled in controversy because of her role in the agency’s interrogation and detention program in the wake of the Sept. 11 attacks.

她之所以此时仍然身陷争议，是因为她在9·11恐怖袭击后参与了中情局的审讯和拘留事务。

During a May 9 confirmation hearing in front of the Senate Intelligence Committee, it was her turn to speak.

在5月9日参议院情报委员会举行的任命听证会上，轮到哈斯佩尔发言时，

“I want to be clear: Having served in that tumultuous time, I can offer you my personal commitment, clearly and without reservation,

她说道，“我想说得清楚一点：身为从那个动荡的年代服役过来的人，我可以明确并且毫无保留地对你们做出承诺，

that under my leadership, on my watch, CIA will not restart such a detention and interrogation program,” Haspel said.

在我的领导和监督下，中情局不会再启用那样的拘留和审讯方案。”

Still, she evaded answering questions on her role in the program, branded as “torture” by critics,

尽管如此，她对有关她在被批评人士称为“酷刑”的这一方案中扮演的角色问题避而不答，

and refused to say whether she felt it was immoral in hindsight.

还拒绝透露她事后是否觉得这一方案有违道德。

“We’ll be able to go over any of my classified assignments in classified session,” she told inquiring Senators.

“我们可以在保密会议上审查我的任何一项机密任务，”她对询问的参议员们说。

In fact, because Haspel was an undercover agent, much of her career remains shrouded in secrecy—but not all of it.

事实上，由于哈斯佩尔是一名卧底特工，她职业生涯的大部分内容仍处于保密状态，但并非全部。

It’s widely known that she oversaw an agency “black site” in Thailand

众所周知，她曾在泰国监管一家名为“黑点”的机构，

where al-Qaeda suspects were subject to an array of harsh techniques, including waterboarding, which simulates drowning.

基地组织嫌疑人就曾在那里接受过一系列严酷的审讯，包括模拟溺水的水刑。

Much of this information comes from a tranche of heavily redacted documents on the interrogation program, which was publicly released in December 2014.

这一信息很大程度上都是从2014年公开发布，但经过了大量修改的审讯资料中的部分内容得出的。

It revealed that before Haspel’s arrival in Thailand,

资料显示，哈斯佩尔抵达泰国之前，

Abu Zubaydah was waterboarded 83 times during a three-week period in August 2002.

2002年8月，阿布·祖巴耶达三周时间里就被水刑了83次。

According to his lawyer, he was “suspended from hooks in the ceiling,

据他的律师说，他“被吊在天花板上的钩子上，

forced into a coffin for hours at a time in a gathering pool of his own urine and feces,

被强行关在一个被放在了装着他的大小便的池子里的棺材里而且一关就是好几个小时，

crammed into a tiny box that would’ve been small even for a child,

被塞到一个装小孩都困难的箱子里，

bombarded with screaming noise and cold air,

被突然用尖叫声和冷气刺激，

compelled to stay awake for days on end, and ‘rectally rehydrated.’”

还被迫接连数日不眠不休以及被‘直肠补水’。”

Another man, Abd al-Rahim al-Nashiri, was waterboarded three times while Haspel was at the site.

另一名男子阿布德·阿尔-拉希姆·阿尔-纳希里则被当着哈斯佩尔的面水刑了三次。

Retired military leaders, antitorture groups and others have fought her nomination.

多位退休的军方领导人、反酷刑组织和其他组织都反对提名她为CIA局长。

She faces a challenging path in a full Senate vote.

参议院全体投票时，她也将面临一条充满挑战的道路。

The CIA has refused to say whether Haspel had direct involvement in the use of controversial techniques

中情局拒绝透露哈斯佩尔是否直接参与了使用那些有争议的审讯手段，

or what her role was in drawing up orders to destroy videotapes that documented their use.

以及她在拟定销毁录像带的命令中扮演了怎样的角色。

But in a move that has rankled some of its former rank and file,

但中情局开展了一场史无前例的公关活动，

the agency has engaged in an unprecedented public relations campaign supporting her appointment.

支持对她的任命，由此激怒了一些昔日的CIA普通员工。

A brief biography states that she was a globe-trotting officer whose career was “right out of a spy novel.”

一份简短的传记说道，她是一名足迹遍布世界各地的军官，她的职业生涯“就像间谍小说一样”。

Indeed, Haspel served on the front lines during the Cold War and fight against al-Qaeda.

诚然，哈斯佩尔不仅在冷战期间到一线服役过，还参与过打击基地组织的活动。

The period pertaining to the Thailand black site, however, remains cast in darkness.

但与泰国“黑点”有关的那段时期的履历仍然笼罩在黑暗之中。