纽约时报 伊朗问题和金正恩问题 特朗普与博尔顿各执一词(2)（在线收听）

“Bolton is useful for him,” said Mark Dubowitz,

“对特朗普眼里，选博尔顿会很有用，”

the chief executive of the Foundation for Defense of Democracies, a group that advocates a tough approach to Iran.

提倡对伊朗采取强硬姿态的国防民主基金会首席执行官马克·杜博维茨说道。

“Bolton is the uber hawk from central casting.

“因为博尔顿是焦点人物中的超级鹰派人物。

The North Koreans hate him. The Iranians hate him.

朝鲜人民痛恨他。伊朗人民也痛恨他。

Both regimes have gone after him — I think Bolton loves it, and I think the president does, too.

这两大政权也都在追击他——但我觉得博尔顿反倒喜欢这样，而且总统也喜欢这样。

It opens up some diplomatic space for him to go back and forth between a very hard-line position and holding talks.”

因为这为他赢得了一些外交空间，让他能够在非常强硬的立场和举行会谈之间来回切换。”

Mr. Trump chose Mr. Bolton as his third national security adviser last year,

去年，特朗普选中了博尔顿作为他的三号国家安全顾问，

selecting a longtime conservative voice

一个和总统一样喜欢直言不讳，

who shared the president’s penchant for blunt talk and who regularly defended him on Fox News.

也经常在福克斯新闻上为总统辩护的老资格保守派。

Mr. Bolton previously served in multiple Republican administrations,

此前，博尔顿已经在多届共和党政府中任职，

most recently as President George W. Bush’s ambassador to the United Nations.

最近一次担任的是乔治·布什政府的驻联合国大使。

With his trademark bushy mustache and sharp tongue, Mr. Bolton, 70,

现年70岁，有着标志性的浓密胡须和伶俐口齿的博尔顿

has been a leading national security hawk for years,

多年来一直是国家安全方面首要的鹰派人物，

making a name for himself as a supporter of the Iraq war, a champion of American sovereignty

在支持伊拉克战争，捍卫美国主权，

and an unrelenting critic of international organizations and arms control treaties he deems tilted against the United States.

以及无情鞭挞他认为不利于美国的国际组织和军备控制条约等方面是出了名的。

After leaving Mr. Bush’s administration,

离开布什政府后，

he harshly criticized the 43rd president for going soft in negotiations with North Korea.

他对美国的这位第43任总统在对朝谈判中的软弱态度提出了严厉的批评。

Mr. Trump picked Mr. Bolton in part as a reaction against the narrative

特朗普之所以选择博尔顿，部分是为了反对那种

that the current and retired generals in his administration were really running things,

说其政府的现任和退休将军们掌握了这个国家的实权的言论，

and in part to find a polar opposite of Mr. Bolton’s predecessor, Lt. Gen. H.R. McMaster.

还有一部分是为了找个和他的前任麦克马斯特中将截然不同的顾问。

It also helped that Mr. Bolton had the support of Sheldon G. Adelson,

选择博尔顿的好处还包括，博尔顿得到了谢尔登·埃德森的支持，

the casino mogul and Republican financier who has been a key backer of the president.

而后者不仅是赌场大亨，也是一直充当着总统的一位关键主要支持者的共和党金融家。

Unlike General McMaster, Mr. Bolton figured out how to brief Mr. Trump in a more effective way,

据政府官员称，不同于麦克马斯特将军，博尔顿想出了如何有效地

according to administration officials, but the two have never bonded on a personal level,

向特朗普通报情况的办法，但两人并无私交，

which is so important in this White House.

而私交在这届白宫是非常重要的。

Mr. Trump is not fond of Mr. Bolton, according to a half-dozen advisers and associates,

六名顾问和一些助理都表示，特朗普不喜欢博尔顿，

and he makes no secret of it in private.

他在私底下对此也毫不掩饰。

And in some fundamental ways, the two diverge sharply over their approach to the world.

两人在行事方式上也存在着巨大的根本性分歧。

Mr. Trump came to office vowing to pull out of overseas wars

特朗普上任时曾信誓旦旦地说要退出海外战争，

and has made diplomacy with North Korea a signature initiative.

执政以来，他还将与朝鲜的外交关系作为了他的一大标志性举措。

Mr. Bolton has been an advocate of military action and an opponent of negotiations with North Korea.

而博尔顿一直主张对朝采取军事行动，反对与朝鲜谈判。

In private, Mr. Trump has made fun of his adviser’s militant reputation,

私下里，特朗普会取笑这位顾问的好战名声，

suggesting that he was the one restraining Mr. Bolton rather than the other way around.

暗示是他约束博尔顿，而不是博尔顿约束他。

“If it was up to John, we’d be in four wars now,” one senior official has recalled the president saying.

一位高级官员回忆，总统曾说：“如果真的是约翰说了算，我们现在怕是都已经打了四回仗了。”