纽约时报 伊朗对峙反倒助长了两国鹰派的气焰(1)（在线收听）

Iran Faces-Off Feeds Hawks on Each Side

伊朗对峙反倒助长了双方鹰派的气焰

By David E. Sanger and David D. Kirkpatrick

文/大卫·E·桑格和大卫·D·柯克帕特里克

As Iran and the United States face off in the Gulf of Oman,

伊朗和美国在阿曼湾对峙时，

the risk may not be just at sea, but in Tehran and Washington,

面临风险的可能不止这片海，还有德黑兰和华盛顿，

where both Iranian and American hard-liners are seizing on the moment for political advantage.

因为两个国家的强硬派都在抓紧巩固自己的政治利益。

The attacks this week on two tankers in the gulf,

本周，两艘油轮在阿曼湾遇袭，

instantly attributed to Iran by Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and then President Trump,

事发后，国务卿迈克·蓬佩奥立即将责任推到了伊朗头上，随后，总统特朗普也对此表示附议，

emboldens the hard-liners in both countries, each able to argue their longtime adversary is itching for war.

此次遇袭事件助长了两国强硬派的气焰，让两大宿敌都有了指认是对方渴望挑起战争的借口。

In the White House, Mr. Pompeo and the national security adviser, John R. Bolton,

在白宫，尽管特朗普总统不时表现出了不情愿的迹象，

were driving a policy of maximum pressure — despite periodic signs of reluctance from President Trump.

蓬佩奥及国家安全顾问约翰·博尔顿两人仍在推动一项最大化对伊压力的政策。

For more than a year, Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps pushed for Tehran’s leadership

一年多以来，伊朗的伊斯兰革命卫队一直在争取德黑兰的领导权，

to abandon the restrictions of a nuclear agreement President Trump had already exited.

想要抛弃特朗普总统已经退出的核协议的条条框框。

They were drowned out by moderates,

但他们的声音还是被该国的温和派淹没了，

who argued that it was better to deepen the divide between the Trump administration and Europe on the future of the 2015 deal.

后者认为，更为可取的办法是加深特朗普政府与欧洲在2015核协议未来问题上的分歧。

But once Washington ratcheted up the pressure by targeting oil and the Revolutionary Guards’ own revenues,

但是，华盛顿一加大压力，将矛头对准石油和革命卫队的自主收入，

even Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif of Iran, who negotiated the nuclear accord and urged continuing to abide by the terms,

就连参与了上述核协议谈判，还敦促各方继续遵守协议条款的伊朗外交部长穆罕默德·贾瓦德·扎里夫，

began complaining of American “economic terrorism.”

都开始抱怨美国的“经济恐怖主义”行径了。

“It is sort of a toxic interaction between hard-liners on both sides because for domestic political reasons they each want greater tension,”

“这可以说是两个强硬派硬碰硬的一次有毒的交锋，因为出于国内政治原因，他们都想要把局势变得更加紧张，”

said Jeremy Shapiro, the research director at the European Council on Foreign Relations and a former State Department official.

前国务院官员、欧洲对外关系委员会研究主任杰里米·夏皮罗评价道。

“They have an incentive to create that tension, at the very least,

“至少，他们都有制造紧张局势的意愿，

because it will help them with their domestic politics and you can see that on both sides,” he added.

因为那样做对他们各自的国内政治都是有好处的，而且，从双方身上都能看出这一点。”

In Iran, tension with the United States bolsters the appeal of hard-line politicians aligned with the Revolutionary Guards in next year’s parliamentary elections.

就伊朗方面而言，与美国的紧张关系增强了与革命卫队结盟的强硬派政客们在明年议会选举中的吸引力。

In Washington, it strengthens the hand of hawks in the administration

而就华盛顿而言，双方的紧张关系也加强了美国政府中鹰派的影响力，

who may be trying to urge Mr. Trump toward more forceful action while weakening the claims of his critics — including most Democrats —

他们可能正在努力敦促特朗普采取更有力的行动，同时削弱包括大多数民主党人在内的对特朗普持批评意见的人群的主张——

who argue that President Barack Obama’s outreach to Tehran had been working.

他们认为，巴拉克·奥巴马总统对德黑兰的援助是有效的。

On Friday, Mr. Bolton met for three hours at the White House

周五，博尔顿在白宫与伊朗代理国防部长帕特里克·沙纳汉

with the acting defense secretary, Patrick Shanahan, and Gen. Joseph F. Dunford Jr., the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff,

以及参谋长联席会议主席小约瑟夫·邓福德上将进行了三个小时的会谈，

to discuss the tanker attacks and a proposal the Pentagon is weighing

讨论油轮袭击事件以及五角大楼正在权衡的

to send as many as 6,000 additional troops to the gulf region, including warships and fighter jets.

一项向海湾地区增派多达6000名士兵，数艘军舰和战斗机的提案。