2021年经济学人 隔墙有眼--记录抗议的哀鸣(2)（在线收听）

When he cannot attend protests himself, Mr Kebadian reproduces photos that have circulated online. There has been no shortage. In 2019, for instance, over 2,000 protests were recorded in Paris alone, compared with about 280 in the whole of Britain. The past two years have been especially busy. Most notably, Mr Kebadian has documented the rise of the gilets jaunes, a movement born of anger over an increase in the carbon tax on fuel that grew into nationwide anti-government demonstrations. With the help of Black Lines, an artists’ collective that he co-founded, he produced “L’Hiver Jaune” (“The Yellow Winter”), a 300-metre-long mural that commemorated the gilets jaunes, some of whom were seriously injured during riots.

当凯巴迪安无法亲自参加抗议活动时，他会描摹网上流传的照片。绘画素材从不缺乏。例如，2019年，相较于英国全国爆发的约280起抗议活动，仅在巴黎地区就有2000多起抗议活动。过去两年的抗议活动层出不穷。最值得注意的是，凯巴迪安先生记录了“黄背心”抗议活动的兴起，这一运动源于对上调燃料碳税的愤怒，后来演变成全国性的反政府示威。凯巴迪安是艺术家联盟“黑色线条”的联合创始人之一，在“黑色线条”的帮助下，他创作了一幅300米长的壁画《黄色的冬天》来纪念在“黄背心”骚乱中一些身受重伤的抗议者们。

This huge undertaking attracted media attention and helped raise his profile. But not everyone is a fan. “L’Hiver Jaune” was promptly painted over. In fact, although he uses legal graffiti walls, almost all Mr Kebadian’s murals have been covered up by the Parisian authorities.

这项巨大的事业吸引了媒体的关注，并帮助提高了凯巴迪安的知名度。但不是所有人都是他的粉丝。《黄色的冬天》很快被粉刷了一遍。事实上，尽管凯巴迪安使用了合法的涂鸦墙，但当局还是掩盖了几乎所有的壁画。

That disapproval has not hurt his reputation, which has flourished and spread online. “Eye for an Eye”, one of his latest projects, is a series of 50 Indian-ink paintings that are sold on Instagram. They are based on the events of 2020, when in France, as in America, long-standing debates about police misconduct came to a head. The reverberations of Floyd’s death were followed in the autumn by the violent dismantling of a migrant camp and the beating of a black music producer, both of which sparked protests.

这样的反对并没有损害凯巴迪安的声誉，他依旧在网络上风生水起，声名远扬。《以眼还眼》是凯巴迪安最新的项目之一，这一由50幅印度墨水画组成的系列画作正在Instagram上出售。这些画是以2020年的事件为基础的，当时在法国和美国，关于警察不当行为的长期争议达到了白热化的程度。弗洛伊德之死造成了广泛的消极影响，随后引发了秋季的移民营地遭暴力拆除事件以及一名黑人音乐制作人遭殴打事件，这两起事件都引发了抗议活动。

One illustration in the series portrays a man standing on top of a car and waving a black flag as other people riot. The scene is reminiscent of Eugene Delacroix’s “Liberty Leading the People”, a painting of 1830 that shows a bare-chested Marianne (a personification of France) brandishing a tricolour amid a crowd. Like Delacroix’s, Mr Kebadian’s art strives to capture the essence of his times—but also to change them.

这个系列的一个插图中，描绘了一个男人站在汽车顶上挥舞着一面黑色的旗帜，其他人正在发起暴动。这一场景让人想起了1830年欧仁·德拉克罗瓦的《自由引导人民》，画中赤裸着胸膛的玛丽安（法国的化身）在人群中挥舞着三色旗。与德拉克罗瓦一样，凯巴迪安的艺术力求捕捉时代的精髓，同时也力求改变时代。