2021年经济学人 被忽视的女性医疗--生病的女人(1)（在线收听）

Books and Arts

文学与艺术

Book Review

书评

Women and Medicine

女性与医疗

Body politics

身体政治

Unwell Women. By Elinor Cleghorn.

《生病的女人》作者：埃莉诺?克莱霍恩

When Serena Williams struggled to breathe after giving birth in 2017, she knew something was wrong.

2017年，塞雷娜·威廉姆斯在生完孩子后呼吸困难，她知道出事了。

She also suspected what it was.

并且她产生了一些猜想。

Six years earlier the tennis champion had endured a pulmonary embolism, or blood clot. But a nurse thought she was delirious from pain medication.

六年前，这位网球冠军曾得过肺栓塞，也就是血凝块。但护士认为她是因为服用了止痛药而神志不清。

Instead of the CT scan Ms Williams wanted, a doctor did a fruitless ultrasound.

威廉姆斯想要做CT扫描检查，医生没有给她做，而是做了一个没用的超声波检查。

Eventually the scan was ordered — and revealed clots in the arteries of her lungs.

最终，医生在她的要求下为她做了扫描，结果显示她的肺部动脉中有血块。

In "Unwell Women", Elinor Cleghorn shows that Ms Williams's problem — not being listened to — is as old as medicine.

在《生病的女人》一书中，埃莉诺·克莱霍恩指出，威廉姆斯的问题——不被倾听——自医学诞生之初便已存在。

The author began stitching together the history of women's health after being diagnosed with lupus in 2010; her pain had been dismissed for seven years.

在2010年被诊断出狼疮后，作者开始整理女性的健康史；她的病痛已经消失七年了。

The result combines her own story with a feminist history of illness and a plea for better listening.

最终，她把自己的故事与女性主义患病史结合起来，并呼吁更好地倾听。

It shows how centuries of ignorance and condescension led to failings that endure today.

书中指出了几个世纪以来无知和傲慢如何导致了延续至今的失败。

Sexism has underpinned medical practice since the time of Hippocrates, Ms Cleghorn writes.

克莱霍恩写道，自希波克拉底时代以来，性别歧视一直牢固地存在于医疗实践中。

Ranging from classical civilisations to the present, with nods to feminist luminaries and ancient philosophy,

她在书中引用了诸多女权主义名人和古代哲学，描述了从古典文明到现在，

her book describes how "hysteria" — from hystera, the Greek word for uterus — was long used as a blanket diagnosis for women.

“hysteria”(源自希腊单词hystera，意为子宫)是如何长期被用作对女性的笼统诊断。

In the 1870s the concept became a reason to remove their ovaries.

19世纪70年代，这一观念成为切除卵巢的理由。

She recounts how 17th-century witch trials relied on doctors' diagnoses, and how modern birth control was originally promoted by eugenicists in the 1920s.

她讲述了17世纪的女巫审判是如何依赖于医生的诊断的，以及20世纪20年代优生学家最初是如何推动现代节育的。