2022年经济学人 芬兰瑞典向北约递交加入申请（在线收听）

The world this week--Politics

本周国际要闻——政治

Finland and Sweden both formally submitted their applications to join NATO.

芬兰和瑞典都正式提交了加入北约的申请。

The two Nordic countries had stayed outside the alliance since its inception in 1949.

自1949年北约创立以来，这两个北欧国家一直处于该联盟之外。

But since Vladimir Putin invaded Ukraine, Swedes and Finns have decided they would be safer inside than out.

但自从弗拉基米尔·普京入侵乌克兰以来，瑞典人和芬兰人认为，他们在联盟内部比在外部更安全。

Rapid acceptance of the two would-be members is expected, although Turkey is raising objections.

尽管土耳其提出反对，但预计这两个准成员国将很快被接纳。

NATO’s border with Russia will double in length.

北约与俄罗斯的边界长度将增加一倍。

Russian forces pulled back from the area around Kharkiv, Ukraine’s second city.

俄罗斯军队从乌克兰第二大城市哈尔科夫周围地区撤出。

In Mariupol more than 250 fighters, who had been holed up in the Azovstal steel works, surrendered.

在马里乌波尔，躲藏在Azovstal钢铁厂的250多名战士投降了。

Emmanuel Macron appointed Elisabeth Borne as prime minister of France.

埃马纽埃尔·马克龙任命伊丽莎白·波恩为法国总理。

Her first task will be to ensure that the president retains his majority in parliamentary elections due next month.

她的首要任务将是确保总统在定于下月举行的议会选举中保持多数席位。

Germany’s chancellor, Olaf Scholz, suffered a new blow when his party performed poorly in state elections in North Rhine-Westphalia, the country’s most populous state.

德国总理奥拉夫·朔尔茨的政党在该国人口最多的北莱茵-威斯特法伦州的州选举中表现不佳，这给他带来了新的打击。

The vote for his Social Democrats was down by four percentage points from the previous election, in what was for decades the party’s stronghold.

他领导的社会民主党的得票率比上次选举下降了四个百分点，几十年来，该地区一直是该党的大本营。

Northern Ireland’s main unionist party, the DUP, blocked the formation of a new power-sharing executive in the province, after Sinn Féin, an Irish nationalist party, won the most seats in a recent election.

爱尔兰民族主义政党新芬党在最近的选举中赢得了多数席位，此后，北爱尔兰主要的统一主义政党民主统一党阻止了该省新的权力分享行政机构的组建。

The DUP says it wants the British government to scrap or fundamentally change the Northern Ireland protocol, a post-Brexit agreement which creates a customs border with the rest of the United Kingdom.

民主统一党表示，希望英国政府废除或从根本上改变北爱尔兰议定书，该协议是英国退欧后达成的协议，与英国其他地区建立了海关边界。

Liz Truss, Britain’s foreign secretary, duly announced plans for legislation to do just that.

英国外交大臣利兹·特鲁斯为此适时宣布了相关立法计划。

In Lebanon an alliance led by Hizbullah, a Shia political party-cum-militia, lost its majority in parliament at an election, while independent candidates gained ground.

在黎巴嫩，一个由什叶派政党兼民兵组织真主党领导的联盟在议会选举中失去了多数席位，而独立候选人获得了优势。

A new government could take months to emerge.

新政府可能需要数月时间才能形成。

The old sectarian system is still likely to block wholesale reform.

旧的宗派体系仍有可能阻碍大规模改革。

Ten days after Zimbabwe’s president, Emmerson Mnangagwa, announced a ban on all bank lending, including overdrafts, the country’s central bank lifted it.

津巴布韦总统埃默森·姆南加古瓦宣布禁止包括透支在内的所有银行贷款，10天后，该国央行解除了该禁令。

The ban had been intended to curb spiralling inflation.

这项禁令原本是为了抑制不断上升的通货膨胀。

The opposition had described it as “absolute madness”.

反对派称这是“绝对的疯狂”。

Mali’s junta, which has twice seized power in coups since 2020, said it had foiled an attempted putsch.

自2020年以来已两次通过政变夺取政权的马里军政府表示，其阻止了一场未遂政变。

The military government has also withdrawn Mali from a regional counter-terrorism force, the G5 Sahel, blaming it for failing to make progress against the jihadists who control large parts of the country.

军事政府还将马里从地区反恐部队“萨赫勒五国集团”中撤出，指责该部队在打击控制该国大部分地区的圣战分子方面未能取得进展。

America plans to return about 500 troops to Somalia to fight al-Shabab, a militia affiliated with al-Qaeda.

美国计划向索马里派遣约500名士兵，与隶属于基地组织的民兵组织青年党作战。

This reverses Donald Trump’s decision to pull all American troops out of the country.

这推翻了唐纳德·特朗普将所有美军撤出该国的决定。

Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, who was Somalia’s president from 2012 to 2017, was elected to another term.

2012年至2017年担任索马里总统的哈桑·谢赫·马哈茂德再次当选。

The election ended a constitutional crisis created by his predecessor, whose term should have ended a year ago.

这次选举结束了前任总统造成的宪法危机，前任总统的任期本应在一年前结束。