VOA教育报道2022 作为 PISA 学习一部分的新英语评估（在线收听）

New English Assessment as Part of PISA Study

Cambridge University Press and Assessment is partnering with the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) on a new English language assessment. The goal of the new assessment is to improve understanding of how English is taught and learned as a foreign language.

剑桥大学出版社和评估与经济合作与发展组织 (OECD) 合作开展一项新的英语语言评估。新评估的目标是提高对英语作为外语的教学和学习方式的理解。

The assessment will be a part of the OECD's Program for International Student Assessment, called PISA. PISA is a worldwide study every three years that measures student performance in math, science and reading in the native language. About 80 countries take part in the study.

该评估将成为经合组织国际学生评估计划（称为 PISA）的一部分。PISA 是一项每三年一次的全球性研究，以衡量学生在数学、科学和母语阅读方面的表现。大约有 80 个国家参与了这项研究。

PISA will be adding a foreign language assessment in 2025 as part of the study. So far, English is the only foreign language that will be used in the assessment.

作为研究的一部分，PISA 将在 2025 年增加外语评估。到目前为止，英语是评估中唯一使用的外语。

"It's a fact that English is the language of communication of study, of work, spoken by billions of people," Hanan Khalifa told VOA. Khalifa is a language learning and teaching expert with Cambridge, and one of the leading experts on the PISA foreign language assessment. "So it wasn't surprising to use English as a foreign language to start with," she said.

“事实上，英语是数十亿人交流学习和工作的语言，”哈南哈利法告诉美国之音。Khalifa 是剑桥的语言学习和教学专家，也是 PISA 外语评估的领先专家之一。“所以一开始就使用英语作为一门外语并不奇怪，”她说。

Khalifa calls the new test "groundbreaking."

哈利法称新的测试是“开创性的”。

She said large studies of English language teaching and learning have been limited. There was a study in the 1970s by the University of Gothenburg in Sweden looking at English as a foreign language. And Cambridge was involved in a 2000s study among some European Union countries that assessed teaching and learning foreign languages. Cambridge has tested English teaching and learning in individual countries, but never on a worldwide level.

她说，对英语教学和学习的大型研究是有限的。瑞典哥德堡大学在 1970 年代进行了一项研究，将英语视为一门外语。剑桥参与了 2000 年代在一些欧盟国家中进行的一项评估外语教学和学习的研究。剑桥在个别国家测试过英语教学和学习，但从未在全球范围内测试过。

The PISA assessment administered "all over the world with participating countries gives us really, really rich data," Khalifa said. Until now there has not been a "reliable … data source about the levels of the abilities of people who would speak English."

哈利法说，“在世界各地与参与国一起进行的 PISA 评估为我们提供了非常非常丰富的数据”。到目前为止，还没有一个“可靠的……关于会说英语的人的能力水平的数据来源”。

She said the data will help countries make decisions about how to use resources. Without good data it can be hard to know whether countries should center their efforts on developing study programs, training teachers, or introducing students to the language earlier, she said.

她说，这些数据将帮助各国决定如何使用资源。她说，如果没有良好的数据，很难知道各国是否应该将精力集中在制定学习计划、培训教师或让学生更早地了解该语言上。

The PISA study is only given out to 15-year-old students who attend the school system. The test will center on assessing real-world, everyday English communication.

PISA 研究仅提供给在学校系统就读的 15 岁学生。该测试将集中在评估现实世界的日常英语交流。

Khalifa said the test "is not about whether your grammar is accurate and whether your vocabulary is spot on." She added: "It's about whether your message has actually been communicated to the other side or not."

哈利法说，测试“不是关于你的语法是否准确以及你的词汇是否准确。” 她补充说：“这是关于你的信息是否真的传达给了对方。”

The test will be entirely online and through a computer. Students will be assessed based on their English language ability. Students will speak into microphones for the spoken parts of the test.

测试将完全在线并通过计算机进行。学生将根据他们的英语语言能力进行评估。学生将在测试的口语部分对着麦克风讲话。

OECD piloted the assessment in five countries in 2021, and Khalifa said it was a success.

经合组织于 2021 年在五个国家试行了该评估，哈利法表示这是成功的。

Catalina Covacevich is with OECD and was involved with the pilot program.

Catalina Covacevich 在经合组织工作，并参与了试点项目。

She said in a statement that "we were concerned that students with low levels of speaking skills may have found the pilot stressful, but one school enjoyed it so much, they clapped after the speaking assessment."

她在一份声明中说：“我们担心口语水平低的学生可能会觉得飞行员压力很大，但一所学校非常享受，他们在口语评估后鼓掌。”

Khalifa said the test is not meant to trick students or be overly difficult.

哈利法说，这项测试并不是为了欺骗学生或过于困难。

"We try to minimize the anxiety as much as possible," she said.

“我们尽量减少焦虑，”她说。

But the countries involved take the results seriously. Khalifa said that countries that have been helped by PISA have changed their education policies. Some countries have decided to hire more teachers or introduce foreign languages at a younger age, she said.

但有关国家认真对待结果。哈利法说，受 PISA 帮助的国家已经改变了他们的教育政策。她说，一些国家已决定聘请更多教师或在更年轻的时候引入外语。

"And that is one of the key reasons why we partnered with OECD," Khalifa said. "It is about that influence [of PISA]."

“这是我们与经合组织合作的关键原因之一，”哈利法说。“这是关于[PISA]的影响。”