纪录片《大英博物馆世界简史》 069瓦斯特克女神雕像(7)(在线收听) |
Just as Tlazolteotl was held to consume actual filth, and thus restore life and goodness, she did the same in moral terms. She was, the Aztecs told the Spaniards, the goddess who received confessions of sexual sin: "One recited before her all vanities, one spread before her all unclean works, however ugly, however grave... indeed all was exposed, told before her." (Bernardino de Sahagun) To the Spanish friar, Bernardino de Sahagun, this seemed an uncanny parallel to Christian views on sexual sin and confession. We have to wonder at this point how far the Spaniards are seeing the Aztec - and through them the Huastec - goddesses in terms of their own traditions, especially of Mary. But the Christian tradition had removed Mary from any connection with sex, and the Spanish were disturbed by Tlazolteotl's inherent engagement with what they saw as filth. Sahagun deplores the fact that she is also "mistress of lust and debauchery". And the Aztecs in their turn despised their Huastec subjects as hopelessly licentious. 特拉佐尔特奥特尔既然能吞下真正的污秽,还生活以清洁美好,自然也可以净化人的道德。阿兹特克人告诉西班牙人,她也是听取人忏悔性方面的堕落的女神:
人可以向她倾诉自己所有虚荣的行径,所有航脏的行为,不管多丑陋,多可怕…一切都可以向她坦承。
西班牙修道士伯纳狄诺·德萨哈冈认为这与基督教的性罪行和忏悔观念有着惊人的巧合。让我们好奇的是,西班牙人在何种程度上将阿兹特克的女神以及通过他们了解的瓦斯特克的女神,与自己的宗教传统,尤其是圣母马利亚联系起来。但是,基督教早已撇清了马利亚与任何性行为之间的关系。西班牙人也因特拉佐尔特奥特尔所固有的与污秽的关联而感到不适。德萨哈冈极其反对她的“色欲与放荡女神”这一身份。而阿兹特克人也转而鄙视瓦斯特克人的物品,认为它们放荡至极。
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