VOA新闻杂志2023 救援人员迅速寻找叙利亚土耳其大地震幸存者（在线收听）

Rescuers Hurry to Find Survivors of Major Earthquake in Turkey, Syria

救援人员迅速寻找叙利亚土耳其大地震幸存者

More than 6,200 people have been reportedly killed in the earthquake and aftershocks that struck Turkey and Syria on Monday. But officials warn that the number is likely to rise. Tens of thousands of people have also been injured.

据报道，周一土耳其和叙利亚发生的地震和余震已造成6200多人死亡。但官员们警告说，这一数字可能会上升。数万人也受伤。

In Turkey, President Recep Tayyip Erdogan declared a state of emergency in 10 affected provinces for three months. Rescue workers are struggling with difficult conditions and low temperatures.

在土耳其，总统雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安宣布10个受影响省份进入紧急状态，为期三个月。救援人员正在艰难的条件和低温中挣扎。

Turkey's Disaster and Emergency Management Authority (AFAD) said 5775 buildings had been destroyed and more than 20,426 people had been injured. The government plans to open hotels in Antalya, a place popular with foreign visitors, to temporarily house people displaced by the quake.

土耳其灾害和应急管理局（AFAD）表示，5775栋建筑被摧毁，超过20426人受伤。政府计划在受外国游客欢迎的安塔利亚开设酒店，暂时安置因地震而流离失所的人。

On Tuesday, a large fire was still burning at the southern port of Iskenderun. Pictures from Hatay showed many tall housing buildings had collapsed, suggesting that the number of dead might be much higher.

周二，一场大火仍在南部港口伊斯肯德伦燃烧。Hatay的照片显示，许多高楼倒塌，这表明死亡人数可能会高得多。

It is feared that many remain trapped under collapsed buildings. One man told Reuters, "They're making noises but nobody is coming...They're calling out. They're saying, ‘Save us' but we can't save them..."

人们担心许多人仍被困在倒塌的建筑物下。一名男子告诉路透社，“他们在制造噪音，但没有人来……他们在呼喊。他们在说，‘救救我们’，但我们救不了他们……”

From Geneva, the United Nations children's agency said it fears: "The earthquakes...may have killed thousands of children."

联合国儿童机构在日内瓦表示，他们担心：“地震……可能导致数千名儿童死亡。”

In Syria, the government news agency SANA said more than 812 people had died in government-controlled areas. In the rebel-held northwest, a rescue group called the White Helmets said at least 900 had died. The leader of the group said it is making efforts but it was unable to deal with a large number of collapsed buildings.

在叙利亚，政府新闻机构SANA表示，在政府控制的地区有超过812人死亡。在叛军控制的西北部，一个名为“白盔”的救援组织表示，至少有900人死亡。该组织的领导人表示，他们正在努力，但无法处理大量倒塌的建筑物。

What kind of earthquake was it?

那是什么样的地震？

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) said the 7.8 magnitude quake was centered in southern Turkey, near the border with Syria. Many smaller earthquakes, or aftershocks, followed the first. And, nine hours after the first quake, another 7.5 magnitude earthquake hit. Alex Hatem is a USGS geologist. He said, "More aftershocks are certainly expected, given the size of the main shock."

美国地质调查局（USGS）表示，7.8级地震发生在土耳其南部，靠近叙利亚边境。许多较小的地震或余震紧随其后。第一次地震发生9小时后，又发生了7.5级地震。Alex Hatem是美国地质勘探局的地质学家。他说，“考虑到主震的规模，预计还会有更多余震。”

Researchers say that the earthquake was a strike-slip quake. These result when two huge pieces of the Earth's surface, called tectonic plates, slide past each other. Tension builds up between the pieces of the Earth's crust until the energy is released in the form of an earthquake.

研究人员表示，这次地震是一次走滑地震。当地球表面的两块巨大的板块（称为构造板块）相互滑过时，就会产生这种现象。地壳之间的张力不断增加，直到能量以地震的形式释放。

In this case, one plate moved west while the other moved east, Hatem said. The aftershocks will slowly lessen over time.

哈特姆说，在这种情况下，一个板块向西移动，而另一个板块向东移动。随着时间的推移，余震会慢慢减少。

Monday's earthquake in Turkey was very powerful for one that was centered on land. Usually, such strong quakes take place under the sea, said Margarita Segou of the British Geological Survey.

周一发生在土耳其的地震对以陆地为中心的地震非常强烈。英国地质调查局的玛格丽塔·塞古（Margarita Segu）说，通常，这种强烈的地震都发生在海底。

Why was the quake so damaging?

为什么这次地震破坏如此严重？

The quake hit near Gaziantep, a major city and provincial capital in Turkey. Kishor Jaiswal, a USGS structural engineer, said the area has a lot of vulnerable buildings.

地震发生在土耳其主要城市和省会加济安泰普附近。美国地质勘探局（USGS）结构工程师基绍尔·贾斯瓦尔（Kishor Jaiswal）表示，该地区有许多脆弱的建筑。

He said new buildings in cities like Istanbul were designed to withstand earthquakes. But many older, tall buildings are not. Also, in Syria, fast building methods and years of war have left many structures weakened.

他说，像伊斯坦布尔这样的城市的新建筑是为抵御地震而设计的。但许多古老的高楼却不是。此外，在叙利亚，快速的建筑方法和多年的战争使许多建筑遭到削弱。

Officials say thousands of buildings have collapsed, including "pancake" collapses in which upper floors fall straight down onto lower floors. That is a sign that the structures were not built well.

官员们说，数以千计的建筑已经倒塌，其中包括“煎饼式”倒塌，上层直接跌落到下层。这是一个迹象，表明这些建筑建造得不好。

Rescuers have also been slowed by freezing temperatures and traffic as people flee affected areas.

由于人们逃离受影响地区，气温和交通的冰冻也减缓了救援人员的速度。

The quake was Turkey's deadliest since the 1999 Izmit earthquake. In 2011, a powerful 7.2 magnitude quake struck southeastern Turkey killing 600.

这次地震是土耳其自1999年伊兹米特地震以来死亡人数最多的一次。2011年，土耳其东南部发生7.2级强烈地震，造成600人死亡。

Words in This Story

magnitude –n. a measure of the power of an earthquake

量级，震级–地震威力的量度

tectonic plate –n. an extensive part of the surface of the Earth which moves in relation to other parts causing earthquakes and volcanoes

构造板块--与引起地震和火山的其他部分相对运动的地球表面的广泛部分

crust –n. the outer part of the Earth's surface

地壳–n。地球表面的外部

vulnerable –adj. able to be harmed; in danger of damage or destructio

易受伤害的--能够受到伤害；有损坏或破坏的危险