VOA今日美国2023 全球二氧化碳排放量在2022年创下历史新高（在线收听）

An international group based in Paris says the world produced a record amount of carbon dioxide last year.

总部设在巴黎的一个国际组织表示，去年全球二氧化碳排放量创历史新高。

The International Energy Agency (IEA) said Thursday that the amount of carbon dioxide gas produced around the world rose by 0.9 percent in 2022.

国际能源机构周四表示，2022年全球二氧化碳排放量增长了0.9%。

Burning fossil fuels, such as oil, natural gas and coal, releases carbon dioxide.

燃烧石油、天然气和煤炭等化石燃料会释放二氧化碳。

The gas is also produced by life on Earth and plants use it to grow.

地球上的生命也会产生这种气体，植物利用它来生长。

Scientists believe carbon dioxide traps heat and increases the world's temperature.

科学家们认为，二氧化碳会阻止热量散发，从而导致全球气温升高。

Some experts say high temperatures can cause bad weather events such as a lack of rain and storms.

一些专家表示，高温可能会导致缺雨和暴风雨等恶劣天气事件。

Climate scientists are concerned about the IEA report.

气候科学家对国际能源机构的报告表示担忧。

They say people around the world must cut carbon emissions to reduce the world's temperature.

他们表示，世界各地的人们必须减少碳排放，以降低全球气温。

Rob Jackson is a professor of earth system science at Stanford University.

罗布·杰克逊是斯坦福大学地球系统科学教授。

"Any emissions growth – even one percent – is a failure," he said, adding that even keeping emissions the same year to year is a problem.

“碳排放量增长——即使是1%——都是失败的，”他说，并补充说，即使每年保持相同的排放量，这也是一个问题。

"It's cuts or chaos for the planet. Any year with higher coal emissions is a bad year for our health and for the Earth," he said.

“对地球来说，要么削减要么混乱。使用煤炭产生的碳排放量较高的年份对我们的健康和地球来说都是糟糕的一年，”他说。

Increased use of coal for energy has caused some of the emissions growth.

煤炭能源使用量的增加导致了碳排放量的增长。

Many countries switched from natural gas to coal as gas prices rose in 2022.

随着2022年天然气价格上涨，许多国家从天然气转向煤炭。

Natural gas became more costly as many nations stopped buying gas from Russia because of the country's invasion of Ukraine.

由于俄罗斯入侵乌克兰，许多国家停止从俄罗斯购买天然气，天然气变得更加昂贵。

Emissions from oil also went up but were lower than the years before the COVID-19 pandemic.

使用石油产生的碳排放量也有所上升，但低于新冠疫情爆发前的几年。

Much of the increase came as people returned to airplane travel after staying home for much of 2020 and 2021.

碳排放量增长在很大程度上是由于人们在2020年和2021年的大部分时间里都待在家里后又重新开始乘坐飞机旅行。

While 2022 set a record, experts said the amount of carbon dioxide was lower than expected.

虽然2022年创下了纪录，但专家表示，二氧化碳的排放量低于预期。

They said pandemic restrictions in China, the increase in electric vehicles, solar power and new heating systems prevented emissions from rising higher.

他们表示，中国的疫情限制措施、电动汽车、太阳能发电和新供暖系统的增加阻止了碳排放量的上升。

Fatih Birol is IEA's executive director.

法提赫·比罗尔是国际能源机构的执行董事。

Birol said "without clean energy, the growth in carbon dioxide emissions would have been nearly three times as high."

比罗尔说：“如果没有清洁能源，二氧化碳排放量的增长速度将会是现在的近三倍。”

Birol said the use of fossil fuels is still too high and oil companies are making a lot of money.

比罗尔说，化石燃料的使用量仍然太高，石油公司还在赚很多钱。

The fossil fuel companies, Birol said, need to "take their share of responsibility, in line with their pledges to meet climate goals."

比罗尔说，化石燃料公司需要“按照他们实现气候目标的承诺承担起自己的责任”。

John Sterman leads the Sloan Sustainability Initiative at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

约翰·斯特曼是麻省理工学院斯隆学院可持续发展项目的负责人。

He said it is still possible to reach climate goals.

他说，仍有可能实现气候目标。

He said countries around the world must stop cutting down trees, continue to help people buy electric cars and pay for new home heating systems.

他说，世界各国必须停止砍伐树木，继续帮助人们购买电动汽车，并为新的家庭供暖系统进行补贴。

He argued that renewable energy needs government payments to support it and businesses that produce carbon dioxide should face increased costs.

他认为，可再生能源需要政府支付资金来支持，而产生二氧化碳的企业则应该面临更高的成本。

He called it "a massive, massive undertaking."

他称这是“一项艰巨的任务”。

I'm Dan Friedell.

丹·弗里德尔为您播报。