舌尖上的中国英文版3：转化的灵感

一、美食中英对照
大煮干丝：raised shredded¹ chicken with ham and dried tofu
豆腐脑：tofu curd²
香炸奶豆腐：fried dried milk cake
蒙古奶茶：Mongolia milky³ tea
炸乳扇：fried dairy fan
烤羊排：baked lamp chop
红烧毛豆腐：stinky tofu braised in soy sauce
酸菜白肉：pickled Chinese cabbage with plain boiled pork
酸菜饺子：dumpling of pickled Chinese cabbage
二、中英文台本
第三集《转化的灵感》 
Episode 3  Inspiration for Transformation⁴
在吃的法则里，风味重于一切。中国人从来没有把自己束缚在一张乏味的食品清单上。人们怀着对食物的理解，在不断的尝试中寻求着转化的灵感。
Taste is more important than anyting else as far as food is concerned. The Chinese have never restricted themselves to a certain tedious food list. With their understanding of food, the Chinese are always looking for an inspiration for change.
天一放晴，姚贵文就把竹匾搬到天台上。这些豆腐球是他和妻子几天的劳动成果。有些豆腐已经略显微黄，但这种程度的改变远远不够，姚贵文还要再耐心等待几天。干瘪坚硬以及黑褐色的表皮才是成熟的标志，这种变化来自于自然发酵。
Once the clouds clear up, Yao Guiwen moves the split-bamboo baskets to the terrace. He and his wife have spent days making the tofu balls. Some tofu has already turned yellowish. But that's far from enough. Yao has to wait several days more. When it gets hard and shriveled and the skin turns black, then the tofu has matured. The change is because of fermentation.
王翠华把不成形的嫩豆腐紧紧包裹起来，挤压出水分后，豆腐才会成形。如果不抓紧时间，新鲜的豆腐很快就会变馊，这意味着她必须包得飞快，并且没有时间休息。
Wang Cuihua tightly wraps the shapeless tender tofu with gauze and squeezes out the water. Then the tofu takes shape. There is no time to lose. The fresh tofu will quickly turn sour. It means Wang has to work very quickly without rest.
一盆烧得恰到好处的炭火，是姚贵文下午工作的关键。
A basin of charcoal⁵ fire of proper heat will be the key to Yao's work in the afternoon.
位于云南红河地区的建水古城，古称临安。在1200年间，一度是中国西南的重镇。如今，时间已经让炫目的荣耀褪色。和云南的许多小城一样，建水是一个多民族的聚居地，各种文化的掺杂形成了特有的氛围和格局。
Jianshui in Honghe Prefecture of Yunnan Province was named Lin'an in ancient times. It was once an important city in southwest China during the past 1200 years. Its brilliance⁶ has gradually faded with the passage of time. Just like many other towns in Yunnan, Jianshui is a multi-ethnic settlement. Different cultures have merged⁷ here, conjuring⁸ a unique atmosphere.
炭火的热力，让坚硬的豆腐迅速膨胀，这很容易让人联想到发酵的面团。建水人很会享用这种由风干和发酵打造出的特殊味道。蘸豆腐的调料各有不同，但是对姚贵文来说，豆腐本身的质地才是最重要的。
The tough tofu quickly inflates⁹ in the heat of charcoal fire. It reminds people of fermented¹⁰ flour. People of Jianshui like enjoying this special air-dried and fermented flavor. People can enjoy the tofu with varied¹¹ sauces. But for Yao, the texture¹² of tofu is the most important.
河谷地区的温暖很容易让豆腐发酵，而适度的干燥又让它们不至于腐败。对于风、水、阳光和豆腐之间的微妙关系，姚贵文比任何人都要敏感。
Tofu easily ferments¹³ in the warm weather of the river valley area. And the mildly dry air prevents it from rotting. Yao is more sensitive than anyone else to the subtle relations between wind, water, sunshine and tofu.
这里是建水最著名的大板井。在水井旁，女人们单靠手指的合作，就构建起一条豆腐的流水线。
This is the famous Daban Well of Jianshui. Beside the well, women set up a production line of tofu by just using their fingers.
做豆腐的各个环节都和水密不可分。拥有128口水井的建水人很懂得水。中国人相信，水能滋养人的灵性和觉悟。这一点，就仿佛水对豆腐的塑造。两者间有一种不可言喻的共通。
Water is a necessity in every procedure of making tofu. With a total of 128 wells in Jianshui, local residents are well versed¹⁴ with water. The Chinese believe water nourishes the spirit and mind up people. Just like water to tofu, the common points speak for themselves.
在距离建水不到40公里的古城石屏，这里的豆腐在气质上却大为不同。成形的豆腐体积大得惊人，难得的是它们极富韧性，几乎不会破损，少许的盐就可以最大程度地保鲜。
The ancient town of Shiping is less than 40km from Jianshui. Tofu here has a completely different look. The finished product is shockingly big. But it's unusually tenacious¹⁵. And it almost doesn't crumble¹⁶. A dash of salt can best preserve the tofu's freshness.
中国的云南，历来不是大豆的主要产区，可却不妨碍这里拥有悠久的豆腐历史。吃一颗豆腐，投一粒玉米，用这种方法记数，买卖双方十分默契。
Yunnan has never been a major soybean production area, but it has a long history of making tofu. One corn for one piece of tofu. There is a tacit agreement between the buyer and the seller.
30年来，姚贵文的豆腐摊上很少冷清过。从豆腐摊回家要走30分钟，几乎横穿老城。发展的速度飞快，这改变了建水的很多事情。在漫长的时间里，一些变量消失了，一些变量被修改，还有新的变量加入进来。总有一些经得起时间的磨砺，保留了下来。
For the past 3 decades, Yao's tofu stall has never been quiet. It takes half an hour to walk from the stall to home and Yao has to go across almost the entire town. The rapid development has changed many aspects of Jianshui. As time goes by, some variables have disappeared and others, altered. And new ones are added. But there are some that stand the tests of time and remain.
姚贵文和王翠华围绕着豆腐的生活清淡辛苦。丈夫最大的愿望是能去远方的大湖钓鱼，虽然他从来没有钓过鱼。在这对夫妇眼里，每一颗豆腐都很珍贵，它们能够帮助自己供养子女，过上幸福安稳的生活。
The Yao's life centered on tofu is watery¹⁷ and hard. The biggest wish of the husband is to fish in the big lake far away. He has no merits but only shorcomings. To the couple, every piece of tofu is precious. It help them to support their children and sustain a happy family life.
在1000多年里，伴随着北方民族的数次迁入，豆腐代表的中原饮食文化已经深植于西南边陲的这片富饶之地，并且演绎出自己独特的气质。这些一脉相承的制作细节，让人联想到几千公里外的中原腹地。在那里，中国的豆腐从诞生到兴盛，一路走过2000年。
In the past over 1,000 years, with rounds of northern immigration, tofu, the representative of central China's food culture, has taken roots in the abundant land on the south-west border. And it has developed its unique disposition¹⁸. The production details remind us of the hinterland of central China that is thousands of miles away. There, from birth to prosperity, tofu has enjoyed a history of 2,000 years.
 

1 shredded   

shred的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• Serve the fish on a bed of shredded lettuce. 先铺一层碎生菜叶，再把鱼放上，就可以上桌了。
• I think Mapo beancurd and shredded meat in chilli sauce are quite special. 我觉得麻婆豆腐和鱼香肉丝味道不错。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 curd   

n.凝乳；凝乳状物

参考例句：

• I'd like to add some pepper to the bean curd.我想在豆腐里加一点辣椒粉。
• The next one is bean curd with crab roe.下一个是蟹黄豆腐。

3 milky   

adj.牛奶的，多奶的；乳白色的

参考例句：

• Alexander always has milky coffee at lunchtime.亚历山大总是在午餐时喝掺奶的咖啡。
• I like a hot milky drink at bedtime.我喜欢睡前喝杯热奶饮料。

4 transformation   

n.变化；改造；转变

参考例句：

• Going to college brought about a dramatic transformation in her outlook.上大学使她的观念发生了巨大的变化。
• He was struggling to make the transformation from single man to responsible husband.他正在努力使自己由单身汉变为可靠的丈夫。

5 charcoal   

n.炭，木炭，生物炭

参考例句：

• We need to get some more charcoal for the barbecue.我们烧烤需要更多的碳。
• Charcoal is used to filter water.木炭是用来过滤水的。

6 brilliance   

n.光辉，辉煌，壮丽，（卓越的）才华，才智

参考例句：

• I was totally amazed by the brilliance of her paintings.她的绘画才能令我惊歎不已。
• The gorgeous costume added to the brilliance of the dance.华丽的服装使舞蹈更加光彩夺目。

7 merged   

（使）混合( merge的过去式和过去分词 )； 相融； 融入； 渐渐消失在某物中

参考例句：

• Turf wars are inevitable when two departments are merged. 两个部门合并时总免不了争争权限。
• The small shops were merged into a large market. 那些小商店合并成为一个大商场。

8 conjuring   

n.魔术

参考例句：

• Paul's very good at conjuring. 保罗很会变戏法。
• The entertainer didn't fool us with his conjuring. 那个艺人变的戏法没有骗到我们。

9 inflates   

v.使充气（于轮胎、气球等）( inflate的第三人称单数 )；（使）膨胀；（使）通货膨胀；物价上涨

参考例句：

• Mass advertising often inflates prices rather than reducing them. 大宗广告常常是抬高物价而不是降低。 来自辞典例句
• The device periodically inflates the cuff and takes a blood pressure reading. 定期气囊打气及进行血压读数。 来自互联网

10 fermented   

v.（使）发酵( ferment的过去式和过去分词 )；（使）激动；骚动；骚扰

参考例句：

• When wine is fermented, it gives off gas. 酒发酵时发出气泡。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• His speeches fermented trouble among the workers. 他的演讲在工人中引起骚动。 来自辞典例句

11 varied   

adj.多样的，多变化的

参考例句：

• The forms of art are many and varied.艺术的形式是多种多样的。
• The hotel has a varied programme of nightly entertainment.宾馆有各种晚间娱乐活动。

12 texture   

n.(织物)质地；(材料)构造；结构；肌理

参考例句：

• We could feel the smooth texture of silk.我们能感觉出丝绸的光滑质地。
• Her skin has a fine texture.她的皮肤细腻。

13 ferments   

n.酵素( ferment的名词复数 )；激动；骚动；动荡v.（使）发酵( ferment的第三人称单数 )；（使）激动；骚动；骚扰

参考例句：

• These chemically active ferments cause havoc. 这些化学活性的酶造成广泛损害。 来自辞典例句
• High solid ferments and yeast lees contract to highlight textural qualities. 采用固体发和酵母分离技术提高酒的品质。 来自互联网

14 versed   

adj. 精通，熟练

参考例句：

• He is well versed in history.他精通历史。
• He versed himself in European literature. 他精通欧洲文学。

15 tenacious   

adj.顽强的，固执的，记忆力强的，粘的

参考例句：

• We must learn from the tenacious fighting spirit of Lu Xun.我们要学习鲁迅先生韧性的战斗精神。
• We should be tenacious of our rights.我们应坚决维护我们的权利。

16 crumble   

vi.碎裂，崩溃；vt.弄碎，摧毁

参考例句：

• Opposition more or less crumbled away.反对势力差不多都瓦解了。
• Even if the seas go dry and rocks crumble,my will will remain firm.纵然海枯石烂，意志永不动摇。

17 watery   

adj.有水的，水汪汪的；湿的，湿润的

参考例句：

• In his watery eyes there is an expression of distrust.他那含泪的眼睛流露出惊惶失措的神情。
• Her eyes became watery because of the smoke.因为烟熏，她的双眼变得泪汪汪的。

18 disposition   

n.性情，性格；意向，倾向；排列，部署

参考例句：

• He has made a good disposition of his property.他已对财产作了妥善处理。
• He has a cheerful disposition.他性情开朗。