VOA慢速英语2011--Grow It Yourself: Turning Bulbs Into Bea

Agriculture Report - Grow It Yourself: Turning Bulbs Into Beautiful Blooms

This is the VOA Special English Agriculture Report.
这里是美国之音慢速英语农业报道。
Bulbs are underground plant stems. They provide food for a shoot. Some bulbs produce flowers year after year. Gardening experts say tulips, daffodils and other bulbs are not very difficult to grow.
鳞茎是植物的地下根茎，为幼芽提供养分。一些鳞茎植物每年都会开花。园艺专家表示，郁金香、水仙花和其他鳞茎植物并不难种植。
Bulbs do well in climates with a cold season. They are placed in the ground about the time of the first frost. But, with the right preparation, they can also grow well in places where the ground never freezes.
鳞茎植物适应于寒冷气候，大约在初霜之时被种到地里。但是在适当条件下，它们也能在土壤从不冻结的地方生长得很好。
Mike Lizotte of American Meadows, an online store, says before you start, you need know whether to plant tender bulbs or hardy¹ bulbs. If you live in a cold area, a tender bulb will need special care when the growing season is over.
网络商店“美国牧场”的迈克·利佐特（Mike Lizotte）表示，在种植之前，你需要了解是种植耐寒还是不耐寒的鳞茎植物。如果居住在寒冷地区，不耐寒鳞茎植物在生长季节过后需要特别照料。
MIKE LIZOTTE: "If you want that bulb to survive or come back, you would need to literally² dig it out of the ground and bring it inside to a warm area because it just -- it will not survive, or it would get killed by the cold temperatures."
利佐特：“如果你希望这种不耐寒鳞茎植物能够存活，你需要将它完整地从地里挖出来，带到温暖的地方。因为它在寒冷的气候下无法存活。”
But Mike Lizotte says a hardy bulb can stay in the ground all year.
但利佐特称，耐寒鳞茎植物可以全年种在地里。
MIKE LIZOTTE: "A hardy bulb is one that prefers cold temperatures. So therefore it can be left in the ground, such as a daffodil or tulip."
利佐特：“耐寒鳞茎植物喜冷，因此可以留在地里，比如郁金香或水仙。”
Sandra Mason from the University of Illinois Extension service has some suggestions to get a good start on planting bulbs. First, the most important thing is to choose a place with soil that drains well.
伊力诺伊推广大学的桑德拉·梅森（Sandra Mason）对开始种植鳞茎植物有一些建议。首先，最重要的是选择一个排水良好的地方。
SANDRA MASON: "How wet the soil is, that ends up being a big issue. For certain areas, if you have a lot of clay in your soil, you may find that bulbs do not last a long time for you, as in just a couple years. Or you may find they just do not do very well at all, and they actually rot in the soil."
梅森：“土壤湿润程度最终会成一个大问题。对某些特定地区来说，如果土壤很黏，你会发现鳞茎植物活不了太久，最多几年时间。或者你会发现它们一直长得不太好，实际上它们在土壤中已经腐烂。”
Sandra Mason suggests planting most big bulbs like tulips or daffodils about fifteen to twenty centimeters deep. Smaller bulbs can be planted about seven to ten centimeters deep. She says she enjoys planting smaller ones like snowdrop bulbs.
梅森建议将大部分比较大的鳞茎植物种入大约15到20厘米深，例如郁金香和水仙花。较小的鳞茎植物种入大约7到10厘米深。她表示自己喜欢种植雪莲等较小的鳞茎植物。
SANDRA MASON: "I love planting those because you do not need to dig a very deep hole. We like those!"
梅森：“我喜欢种较小的鳞茎植物，因为种植时不需要挖很深的洞。我喜欢这种！”
Bulbs should be planted with their pointed³ end up, toward the surface. But some bulbs do not seem to have a pointy end. In that case, Ms. Mason says, look for an "eye" that might have a stem. But don't worry if you cannot find one.
鳞茎植物种植时应该尖头朝上。但有些鳞茎似乎没有尖头。梅森表示，这种情况下，寻找可能有茎的“眼”。但如果找不到也不用担心。
SANDRA MASON: "The good news is, the bulbs will figure it out."
梅森：“好消息是，鳞茎植物自己会长出来。”
Do not use fertilizer for the first year. After that, if you do fertilize⁴ the bulbs, do not mix the fertilizer in the planting hole. It could burn the roots.
种植的头年不要使用化肥。之后，如果给鳞茎施肥，不要在种植的洞中混入化肥，否则根茎会被烧坏。
There is a trick people can use to grow bulbs in places where the ground never freezes. Keep the bulbs cold in a refrigerator for about three months, then take them out and let them get used to the warmth. Now the bulbs will be ready to develop normally, colorful blooms and all.
在土壤从不冻结的地方种植鳞茎植物有一个小窍门。将鳞茎放入冰箱中冷藏三个月左右，然后取出来，使其适应温暖的气候。现在，这些鳞茎植物就可以开出色彩鲜艳的花朵等等。

1 hardy   

adj.勇敢的，果断的，吃苦的；耐寒的

参考例句：

• The kind of plant is a hardy annual.这种植物是耐寒的一年生植物。
• He is a hardy person.他是一个能吃苦耐劳的人。

2 literally   

adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实

参考例句：

• He translated the passage literally.他逐字逐句地翻译这段文字。
• Sometimes she would not sit down till she was literally faint.有时候，她不走到真正要昏厥了，决不肯坐下来。

3 pointed   

adj.尖的，直截了当的

参考例句：

• He gave me a very sharp pointed pencil.他给我一支削得非常尖的铅笔。
• She wished to show Mrs.John Dashwood by this pointed invitation to her brother.她想通过对达茨伍德夫人提出直截了当的邀请向她的哥哥表示出来。

4 fertilize   

v.使受精，施肥于，使肥沃

参考例句：

• Fertilizer is a substance put on land to fertilize it.肥料是施在地里使之肥沃的物质。
• Reading will fertilize his vocabulary.阅读会丰富他的词汇。