伊斯兰国通过学校强烈影响阿富汗东部孩子成长

Islamic State Expanding Schools in Eastern Afghanistan 伊斯兰国通过学校强烈影响阿富汗东部孩子成长

Afghan officials say the Islamic State, or IS, is trying to strongly influence children in the country’s East through a growing number of religious seminaries and schools.

The militant¹ group operates at least 25 seminaries, or madrassas, in Nangarhar province, officials say. A madrassa is an Islamic religious school. But at the ones in Nangarhar, Afghan children reportedly are taught military ideology² and how to prepare for suicide attacks.

"Madrassas that were built by local people are now being used by IS for militant activities," said Abdul Zahir Haqqani, the province’s director of religious affairs.

"They use them as military centers where they teach militancy³, conduct military trainings, and plan their activities," he added.

Officials say that the majority of the students are children of IS fighters, but some local children also attend the IS-operated schools.

Afghans say they are concerned about IS's expertise⁴ in teaching terror to children and are asking for local officials and the government to intervene.

“The madrassas in the areas remain under IS control,” said a man named Ezzatullah, who like many Afghans uses a single name.

He added that IS agents train their fighters in the schools. "They used to be under the government, but not anymore. They teach how to shoot a Kalashnikov, a PK machine gun, and RPG (an explosive device fired by a rocket)."

Provincial⁵ leaders say they are preparing an attack against IS to free the schools from the militants⁶.

"IS and other militant groups always try to use Islamic centers as their bases, where they not only provide training, but also use them for other terror activities," said Attaullah Khogyani, a provincial official.

He added that Afghan forces will continue to clear the Islamic centers of IS without causing damage to the centers.

IS forces entered the Afghanistan/Pakistan area in early 2015. Before that, they established bases in the eastern border areas of Afghanistan. The group calls Afghanistan, Pakistan and parts of Iran its “Islamic State of Khorasan Province.”

In Nangarhar, a combination of groups have fought against IS supporters. They include local militias⁷, provincial police, Afghan forces, Taliban fighters and American drone strikes.

According to Abdul Zahir Haqqani, IS also uses mosques⁸ as military centers. He said the group has turned at least 60 mosques in Nangarhar into training centers. IS has also killed many Islamic religious leaders if they do not support their extremist beliefs.

Experts say the teaching of children by IS will have a harmful effect for many years.

Michael Kugelman is a South Asia specialist at the Woodrow Wilson Center in Washington. He says the only thing worse than extremist ideologies⁹ influencing a society is when they also influence the children of the society.

Words in This Story

ideology – n. the set of ideas and beliefs of a group or political party

Kalashnikov – n. a type of rifle made in Russia.

province –n. any one of the large parts that some countries are divided into

seminaries –n. a school for training religious leaders

society – n. people in general thought of as living together in organized communities with shared laws, traditions, and values

1 militant   

adj.激进的，好斗的；n.激进分子，斗士

参考例句：

• Some militant leaders want to merge with white radicals.一些好斗的领导人要和白人中的激进派联合。
• He is a militant in the movement.他在那次运动中是个激进人物。

2 ideology   

n.意识形态，(政治或社会的)思想意识

参考例句：

• The ideology has great influence in the world.这种思想体系在世界上有很大的影响。
• The ideal is to strike a medium between ideology and inspiration.我的理想是在意识思想和灵感鼓动之间找到一个折衷。

3 militancy   

n.warlike behavior or tendency

参考例句：

• Full of militancy and revolutionary ardour, the people of all nationalities in the country are working hard for the realization of the four modernizations. 全国各族人民意气风发， 斗志昂扬，为实现四个现代化而奋战。
• The seniority system is another factor that leads to union militancy. 排资论辈制度也是导致工会好斗争的另一因素。

4 expertise   

n.专门知识(或技能等)，专长

参考例句：

• We were amazed at his expertise on the ski slopes.他斜坡滑雪的技能使我们赞叹不已。
• You really have the technical expertise in a new breakthrough.让你真正在专业技术上有一个全新的突破。

5 provincial   

adj.省的，地方的；n．外省人，乡下人

参考例句：

• City dwellers think country folk have provincial attitudes.城里人以为乡下人思想迂腐。
• Two leading cadres came down from the provincial capital yesterday.昨天从省里下来了两位领导干部。

6 militants   

激进分子，好斗分子( militant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 几年来，反叛分子一直对政府实施零星的战斗。
• Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 尽管如此，巴勒斯坦的激进分子仍然发射导弹。

7 militias   

n.民兵组织，民兵( militia的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The troops will not attempt to disarm the warring militias. 部队并不打算解除战斗中的民兵武装。 来自辞典例句
• The neighborhood was a battleground for Shiite and Sunni militias. 那里曾是什叶派和逊尼派武装分子的战场。 来自互联网

8 mosques   

清真寺； 伊斯兰教寺院，清真寺； 清真寺，伊斯兰教寺院( mosque的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Why make us believe that this tunnel runs underneath the mosques? 为什么要让我们相信这条隧洞是在清真寺下？
• The city's three biggest mosques, long fallen into disrepair, have been renovated. 城里最大的三座清真寺，过去年久失修，现在已经修复。

9 ideologies   

n.思想（体系）( ideology的名词复数 )；思想意识；意识形态；观念形态

参考例句：

• There is no fundamental diversity between the two ideologies. 这两种思想意识之间并没有根本的分歧。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Radical ideologies require to contrast to their own goodness the wickedness of some other system. 凡是过激的意识形态，都需要有另外一个丑恶的制度作对比，才能衬托出自己的善良。 来自辞典例句