VOA慢速英语2017 国际奥委会禁止俄罗斯参加2018平昌冬奥会

IOC Suspends Russia from 2018 Olympics

国际奥委会：禁止俄罗斯参加2018冬奥会

The International Olympic Committee, or IOC, has banned Russia from the Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea.

国际奥委会（IOC）正式宣布，禁止俄罗斯参加2018年韩国平昌冬奥会。

Some Russian athletes, however, can participate in the games as an "Olympic Athlete from Russia”, or OAR¹.

不过，部分运动员能以“来自俄罗斯的奥林匹克运动员（OAR）”身份参赛。

The IOC found “systemic manipulation of the anti-doping rules and system in Russia." Doping refers to the illegal use of a drug (such as a steroid) to improve an athlete's performance.

国际奥委会发现，“俄罗斯存在系统性操作反兴奋剂规则和制度的行为。”兴奋剂是指非法使用某种药物（如类固醇）来提高运动员的成绩。

Russian officials have denied any state involvement in the doping of athletes.

俄罗斯官员否认任何关于国家参与运动员兴奋剂事件的指控。

This is the first time in Olympic history that the IOC has suspended a country for doping.

国际奥委会因兴奋剂禁止某国参赛在历史上尚属首次。

The IOC had banned countries from the Olympics before, including Germany, South Africa, India, and Kuwait. Previous suspensions were for acts of war, state-sponsored discrimination, or failure to meet Olympic charter requirements.

该组织此前曾禁止德国、南非、印度和科威特参加奥运会。而禁赛的理由包括战争行为、政府支持的歧视或未能满足奥林匹克宪章的要求。

The IOC has also stripped eleven medals, out of 33, won by Russian athletes in the Sochi Olympics.

国际奥委会还剥夺了俄罗斯11枚奖牌，该国运动员在索契冬奥会上共获得33枚奖牌。

Russian athletes can still compete in the upcoming February Olympics – if they meet certain conditions.

如果俄罗斯运动员满足一定的条件，他们仍然可以参加2月份举行的冬奥会。

A panel must approve the athlete's invitation to the Olympics. The athlete must have a clean record and meet strict testing requirements.

俄罗斯运动员参赛须获得某专业小组的批准。运动员必须有清白的记录，并且达到严格的测试要求。

Once approved for participation², the athletes will compete in a uniform that carries the OAR name. The Olympic anthem³, instead of the Russian national anthem, will be played during ceremonies.

一旦获得参赛权，运动员将身穿国际奥委会标志的服装参赛。此外，颁奖仪式上奏响的也不是俄罗斯国歌，而是国际奥委会会歌。

Russian President Vladimir Putin has previously⁴ called such conditions "a humiliation⁵" to Russia. He has suggested that his country's athletes would not agree to compete in Pyeongchang under such circumstances.

此前，俄罗斯总统普京指出，这一做法是对俄罗斯的“羞辱”。他提出，既然如此，俄罗斯运动员也不会同意参加平昌冬奥会。

However, at the International Association of Athletics⁶ Federations⁷ world championships in London in August, 19 Russian track-and-field athletes did compete under similar circumstances.

然而，今年8月，19名俄罗斯田径运动员在类似情况下参加了伦敦举办的国际田径联合会世界锦标赛。

On December 4, Russian presidential spokesman Dmitry Peskov said that Russia was not considering a boycott⁸ of the Winter Olympics. Whether the Russian government's position will change following today's announcement remains⁹ to be seen.

12月4日，俄罗斯总统发言人德米特里·佩斯科夫（Dmitry Peskov）表示，俄罗斯并未考虑抵制冬奥会。不过从今日的声明来看，俄罗斯政府的立场是否会有所改变还有待观察。

I'm John Russell.

Words in This Story

systemic – adj. of or relating to an entire system

manipulation – n. to use or change (numbers, information, etc.) in a skillful way or for a particular purpose

requirement – n. something that is necessary for something else to happen or be done

humiliate¹⁰ - v. to make (someone) feel very ashamed or foolish

uniform - n. a special kind of clothing that is worn by all the members of a group or organization (such as an army or team)

circumstance - n. a condition or fact that affects a situation

1 oar   

n.桨，橹，划手；v.划行

参考例句：

• The sailors oar slowly across the river.水手们慢慢地划过河去。
• The blade of the oar was bitten off by a shark.浆叶被一条鲨鱼咬掉了。

2 participation   

n.参与，参加，分享

参考例句：

• Some of the magic tricks called for audience participation.有些魔术要求有观众的参与。
• The scheme aims to encourage increased participation in sporting activities.这个方案旨在鼓励大众更多地参与体育活动。

3 anthem   

n.圣歌，赞美诗，颂歌

参考例句：

• All those present were standing solemnly when the national anthem was played.奏国歌时全场肃立。
• As he stood on the winner's rostrum,he sang the words of the national anthem.他站在冠军领奖台上，唱起了国歌。

4 previously   

adv.以前，先前（地）

参考例句：

• The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
• Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。

5 humiliation   

n.羞辱

参考例句：

• He suffered the humiliation of being forced to ask for his cards.他蒙受了被迫要求辞职的羞辱。
• He will wish to revenge his humiliation in last Season's Final.他会为在上个季度的决赛中所受的耻辱而报复的。

6 athletics   

n.运动，体育，田径运动

参考例句：

• When I was at school I was always hopeless at athletics.我上学的时候体育十分糟糕。
• Our team tied with theirs in athletics.在田径比赛中，我们队与他们队旗鼓相当。

7 federations   

n.联邦( federation的名词复数 )；同盟；联盟；联合会

参考例句：

• These problems are women's special problems and special work of women's federations. 这样的问题，就是妇女的特殊问题，就是妇联的特殊工作。 来自互联网
• The Bridge Federate is a feasible solution to achieve multi-federations interconnection. 基于桥接成员实现多联邦互连是目前较为通用和可行的方法。 来自互联网

8 boycott   

n./v.(联合)抵制，拒绝参与

参考例句：

• We put the production under a boycott.我们联合抵制该商品。
• The boycott lasts a year until the Victoria board permitsreturn.这个抗争持续了一年直到维多利亚教育局妥协为止。

9 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

10 humiliate   

v.使羞辱，使丢脸[同]disgrace

参考例句：

• What right had they to bully and humiliate people like this?凭什么把人欺侮到这个地步呢？
• They pay me empty compliments which only humiliate me.他们虚情假意地恭维我，这只能使我感到羞辱。