Seeing an Eclipse Is Good! Being Eclipsed Is Not

 

Hello and welcome to Words and Their Stories from VOA Learning English.

On this program we explore the origin and usage of common expressions in American English. We always give examples or dialogues using the expressions. Sometimes we even use the words in a short story. All of these can, hopefully, teach you how to best use the expressions.

For today's word we turn our eyes toward the sky!

There is one natural event that many people want to experience during their lifetime -- an eclipse!

Whether solar or lunar, partial or total, these astronomical¹ events bring the movement of our solar system a little more to life.

Solar, as we know, means “relating to the sun." So a solar eclipse happens when the moon passes between the sun and Earth. A dark circle either completely or partly covers the sun as a result.

Lunar means “related to the moon." So, a lunar eclipse is when the moon looks as if it is completely or partially² covered with a dark circle.

Some ancient cultures considered an eclipse a sign that the world was ending. Other cultures viewed it as a battle between different animals in the sky as they try to eat up the moon or sun. Another cultural belief was that an eclipse was a time for deep thought and thinking about the past.

The word eclipse comes from a Greek word meaning "to leave," "to abandon," "to forsake³ a usual place" or fail to appear." Ancient Greeks thought of an eclipse as a time when the sun abandoned the earth.

In simple terms, an eclipse happens when a planet or satellite blocks the light of the sun. So, it is not surprising that we also use "eclipse" in the same way when talking about other things besides the sun, the moon and the earth.

In conversation, when one thing eclipses another it makes it less important or popular. For example, television eclipsed radio in the 1950s as the most popular form of home entertainment. When one person eclipses another, they do something better. For example, a younger child might hate it when her older sister's school and sports success eclipses her own. The older sister outshines the younger one.

This usage of eclipse is not only used when talking about people. Things can also eclipse other things, as in this sentence: The popularity of the company’s new product quickly eclipsed all its earlier products.

Many synonyms⁵ of eclipse deal with light and casting shadows, like in the example of the older sister outshining the younger. If a person or a thing outshines another, the light they give off is so bright that no one notices anything else. You could also say the older daughter cast a shadow on her younger sister. Or you could say the younger sister was living in the shadow of her older sister.

Now, let's hear how we use eclipse this way in everyday conversation. Let's listen as two people talk as they wait in line to audition⁶ for a Broadway musical.

Are you ready for your singing audition today?

As ready as I’ll ever be. The song I’m singing is my favorite and I know it really well.

I'm sure you'll do great. By the way, I'm Corrine. Corrine Mayfield.

I'm Steve Stravinski.

Stravinski? Wait. Are you any relation to Doug Stravinski?!

Yeah. He's my older brother.

Get out! His performance in Les Miserables was amazing. Critics are still talking about it! Wow! Doug Stravinski. What is he working on these days?

An album. His fourth album.

That is just awesome⁷! It will probably be another number one seller! So, what's it like being his brother?

Great. Just great.

It must be tough living in the shadow of Doug Stravinski!

I don't think about it ... you know, until someone brings it up.

Oh, I'm so sorry. But it's just that ... well, he's so amazing and famous. He casts a really big shadow!

Yes. Look, do you mind if we don't talk? I really need to prepare for my audition.

Of course. Of course. It's so typical, isn't it -- an older brother or sister eclipsing a younger one. They get to try everything first and do it longer. So, they're usually better -- usually the shining star in the family!

Hm-hmm.

Listen to me! I'm doing it again, aren't I? I am sure at this audition you are going to outshine everything your brother Doug has done on stage.

Yep. Thanks.

Next person!

Hello I'm next.

Name?

Steve Stravinski.

Stravinski? Wait, are you related to Doug Stravinski?! THE Doug Stravinski?! Oh man, he's amazing! I saw him in this show ...

And that's the end of this Words and Their Stories!

Do you use the word "eclipse" like this in your language? Let us know in the Comments Section.

I'm Anna Matteo.

Words in This Story

astronomical – adj. of or relating to astronomy

shadow – n. a dark shape that appears on a surface when someone or something moves between the surface and a source of light

abandon – v. to leave and never return to (something)

forsake – v. to give up or leave (someone or something) entirely⁸

conversation – n. an informal talk involving two people or a small group of people : the act of talking in an informal way

entertainment – n. amusement or pleasure that comes from watching a performer, playing a game, etc.

synonym⁴ – n. a word that has the same meaning as another word in the same language

casting – v. to send (something) out or forward : The fire casts [=gives off] a warm glow. The tree cast a long shadow on the lawn.

audition – n. a short performance to show the talents of someone (such as an actor or a musician) who is being considered for a role in a play, a position in an orchestra, etc. — often + for

get out - informal exclamation⁹ : used to express disbelief.

tough – adj. difficult to accomplish, resolve, endure, or deal with

typical – adj. normal for a person, thing, or group : average or usual

shining star – n. the best

1 astronomical   

adj.天文学的，（数字）极大的

参考例句：

• He was an expert on ancient Chinese astronomical literature.他是研究中国古代天文学文献的专家。
• Houses in the village are selling for astronomical prices.乡村的房价正在飙升。

2 partially   

adv.部分地，从某些方面讲

参考例句：

• The door was partially concealed by the drapes.门有一部分被门帘遮住了。
• The police managed to restore calm and the curfew was partially lifted.警方设法恢复了平静，宵禁部分解除。

3 forsake   

vt.遗弃，抛弃；舍弃，放弃

参考例句：

• She pleaded with her husband not to forsake her.她恳求丈夫不要抛弃她。
• You must forsake your bad habits.你必须革除你的坏习惯。

4 synonym   

n.同义词，换喻词

参考例句：

• Zhuge Liang is a synonym for wisdom in folklore.诸葛亮在民间传说中成了智慧的代名词。
• The term 'industrial democracy' is often used as a synonym for worker participation. “工业民主”这个词常被用作“工人参与”的同义词。

5 synonyms   

同义词( synonym的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• If you want to grasp English, you must carefully discriminate synonyms. 如果你想掌握好英语，你必须仔细区分同义词。
• Study the idioms and synonyms l wrote down before your test. 学考试前我给你写的习惯用语和同义字。

6 audition   

n.(对志愿艺人等的)面试(指试读、试唱等)

参考例句：

• I'm going to the audition but I don't expect I'll get a part.我去试音，可并不指望会给我个角色演出。
• At first,they said he was too young,but later they called him for an audition.起初，他们说他太小，但后来他们叫他去试听。

7 awesome   

adj.令人惊叹的，难得吓人的，很好的

参考例句：

• The church in Ireland has always exercised an awesome power.爱尔兰的教堂一直掌握着令人敬畏的权力。
• That new white convertible is totally awesome.那辆新的白色折篷汽车简直棒极了.

8 entirely   

ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
• His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。

9 exclamation   

n.感叹号，惊呼，惊叹词

参考例句：

• He could not restrain an exclamation of approval.他禁不住喝一声采。
• The author used three exclamation marks at the end of the last sentence to wake up the readers.作者在文章的最后一句连用了三个惊叹号，以引起读者的注意。