VOA慢速英语2018 印度最高法院裁定生物识别系统合法

India’s Top Court Rules Biometric ID System Is Legal

India’s Supreme¹ Court has ruled that the government’s biometric identity, or ID system for citizens is legal.

印度最高法院裁定政府的生物身份识别或公民身份识别系统合法。 

Four out of the five judges who heard the case voted Wednesday to keep the ID system in place.But the Supreme Court also ruled to limit parts of the program to protect individual privacy.

周三，审理此案的五名法官中有四人投票赞成保留身份识别系统。但最高法院还裁定要限制该计划的部分内容，以保护个人隐私。

The biometric identification project is called Aadhaar.Under it, the government aims to release an individual 12-digit number to each of the nation’s citizens.This number is linked to the individual’s fingerprints² and a scan of their eye, to be used as an electronic form of ID.

该生物识别项目被称为阿达哈尔。根据该项目，政府的目标是给全国公民每人发放一个12位数的个人编号。该数字与个人的指纹和眼睛扫描相关联，用作电子形式的身份证明。

Critics of the system say it threatens privacy rights and warn that the information collected could be misused³.Opponents also argue that companies-such as banks or telephone providers-could use the biometric ID as a requirement for service.

批评该系统的人士表示，它威胁到了隐私权，并警告说收集的信息可能被滥用。反对者还认为，像银行或电话供应商等公司可能会使用生物身份识别作为服务需求。

The government has said the system is meant to make sure its food, fuel and other assistance reaches citizens who need it.It aims to block theft and other problems in India’s $23.6-billion-a-year food public aid program.

政府表示，该系统旨在确保其食品、燃料和其他援助物资能够送达有需要的公民手中。它旨在阻止印度每年236亿美元的食品公共援助计划中盗窃和其他问题的发生。

The Supreme Court in its decision said the Aadhaar system provides more good than risk.The judge who announced the ruling said the court believed the best solution was to fix the current public assistance system rather than end it.

最高法院在裁决中表示，阿达哈尔系统带来的好处大于风险。宣布这一裁决的法官表示，法院认为最好的解决办法是完善目前的公共援助体系，而不是终止它。

The judges ruled that anyone seeking any government services will be required by law to have a biometric ID number.

法官裁定，法律规定任何寻求政府服务的人都要有生物识别身份证号码。 

But the court said companies could not require Indians to provide their ID to register for telephones and other services.The judges also ruled that children would not need Aadhaar to begin school because education is a fundamental right of all citizens.

但法院表示，公司不能要求印度人提供身份证来登记电话和其他服务。法官还裁定，儿童入学不需要注册阿达哈尔，因为教育是所有公民的基本权利。

The court also said the law must include a government process to help people who have information misused or their identities stolen as a result of the system.

法院还表示，法律必须包括一个政府程序，以帮助那些因该系统而信息被滥用或身份被盗取的人。 

The biometric ID system was first proposed by the Congress Party government in 2010.But it expanded under Prime Minister Narendra Modi, whose BJP party came to power in 2014.

生物识别系统于2010年由国大党政府首次提出。但在总理纳伦德拉莫迪的领导下扩大，其人民党于2014年上台执政。

In a related case last year, the government went to the Supreme Court to argue that Indians did not have a fundamental right to privacy.The government lost, with the court ruling that privacy was the right of every citizen guaranteed by the constitution.

在去年的一起相关案件中，印度政府去最高法院辩称，印度人没有基本的隐私权。政府失败了，法院裁定隐私是每个公民的权利，受宪法保障。

Words in This Story

biometric – n. involving the application of statistical⁴ analysis to biological data

scan – n. looking at the inside of something by using a special machine

fundamental – adj. relating to the most important or main part of something

1 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

2 fingerprints   

n.指纹( fingerprint的名词复数 )v.指纹( fingerprint的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• Everyone's fingerprints are unique. 每个人的指纹都是独一无二的。
• They wore gloves so as not to leave any fingerprints behind (them). 他们戴着手套，以免留下指纹。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 misused   

v.使用…不当( misuse的过去式和过去分词 )；把…派作不正当的用途；虐待；滥用

参考例句：

• He misused his dog shamefully. 他可耻地虐待自己的狗。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He had grossly misused his power. 他严重滥用职权。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 statistical   

adj.统计的，统计学的

参考例句：

• He showed the price fluctuations in a statistical table.他用统计表显示价格的波动。
• They're making detailed statistical analysis.他们正在做具体的统计分析。