VOA慢速英语2019 中国学生问鼎最新的国际学生评估项目教育调查

Chinese Students Top Latest PISA Education Survey

Students from China and Singapore came out on top in an international survey of educational achievement.

来自中国和新加坡的学生在一项国际教育成就调查中名列前茅。

Results of the 2018 Program for International Student Assessment¹, or PISA, were released Tuesday. The test is given every three years to 15-year-olds around the world. It measures their knowledge in reading, science and mathematics.

2018年国际学生评估项目（PISA）的结果于本周二公布。每三年会对全世界15岁的青少年进行一次这项测试，用来衡量学生们在阅读、科学和数学方面的知识。

The best-performing students in all three subjects were in China. They attend schools in and around Beijing and Shanghai, and two provinces: Jiangsu and Zhejiang.

这三门课程中成绩最好的学生都来自中国，他们就读于北京、上海，以及江苏和浙江两个省份的学校。

Singapore finished in fifth place in the study.

新加坡学生在这项研究中名列第五。

Overall, the test results show American students scoring above average in reading and science, but below average in math.

总的来说，测试结果显示，美国学生在阅读和科学方面的得分高于平均水平，但在数学方面低于平均水平。

The test is administered² by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).

该测试由经济合作与发展组织（OECD）实施。

Officials reported that about 600,000 students in 79 nations and educational systems took part in the two-hour computer-based exam last year. They said schools in each country are chosen randomly³ to make sure that students come from a wide mix of backgrounds and abilities.

官员们报告说，去年有79个国家和教育系统的大约60万学生，参加了这个为期两小时的计算机测试。他们说，每个国家的学校都是随机选择的，以确保学生是来自各种背景，具有不同能力的混合群体。

PISA is the largest measure of international education performance.

The test scores are watched closely by education policy makers⁴.

国际学生评估项目是衡量国际教育绩效最详细的标准，教育政策制定者密切关注其测试成绩。

Some of the findings:

Here are some of the PISA findings:

以下是国际学生评估项目中的一些发现：

The average U.S. scores have not changed in a major way in any of the three subjects since 2015. The U.S. scores are mostly unchanged since when the test was first given in 2000 for reading and, in 2003, for math. American science scores have risen since 2006.

自2015年以来，在这三个科目中的任何一个科目中，美国学生的平均分都没有发生重大变化。自2000年首次进行阅读测试和2003年进行数学测试以来，美国学生的分数基本没有变化。自2006年以来，美国学生的科学分数一直在上升。

Out of the 79 areas, only seven have seen an improvement in their PISA scores since they started offering the test. The seven are Albania, Colombia, Macau, Moldova, Peru, Portugal and Qatar.

在79个地区中，只有七个地区的测试成绩，相对于开始实施测试时有所提高。这七个地区是阿尔巴尼亚、哥伦比亚、澳门、摩尔多瓦、秘鲁、葡萄牙和卡塔尔。

The OECD is a group of 36 mostly industrial countries, including the United States. Financing⁵ -- the amount of money spent on education -- is important, but not always necessary for high test scores. Take Estonia, for example. It was one of the top scoring countries, yet education spending there is 30 percent below the OECD average.

经济合作与发展组织，是由36个主要工业国家组成的集团，其中包括美国。用于教育的资金非常重要，但对于取得测验高分并不总是必要的。以爱沙尼亚为例，它是得分最高的国家之一，但那里的教育支出比经合组织的平均水平低30%。

With reading being the main focus of the test this year, one of every four students in OECD countries could not complete basic reading tasks.

由于阅读是今年考试的重点，经合组织国家每四个学生中就有一个不能完成基本的阅读任务。

On average across the OECD countries, one in 10 disadvantaged students was able to score in the top quarter of the reading performance of their country.

在经合组织国家中，平均每10个处于弱势群体的学生中，就有一个能位于本国阅读成绩排名的前四分之一。

U.S. and China Results

The U.S. results showed that the highest performing students were doing better in reading and math, while the lower-performing students did not improve.

美国的调查结果显示，成绩最好的学生在阅读和数学方面表现得更好，而成绩较差的学生则没有提高。

This is similar to results from another nationwide test, the National Assessment of Educational Progress.

这与另一项全国性考试，全国教育进展评估的结果相似。

"It's another red flag that this is something to think about," said Peggy Carr, the associate commissioner⁶ for the National Center for Education Statistics⁷. She noted⁸ that the United States is "clearly struggling in math."

“这是另一个值得思考的问题，”国家教育统计中心副主任佩吉·卡尔说。她指出，美国“显然在数学方面举步维艰。”

What is not clear about the group of Chinese students tested is whether they represent all Chinese students. Carr noted that the four test areas are home to more wealthy people than China as a whole.

目前尚不清楚，这批受测的中国学生是否代表了所有中国学生。卡尔指出，在这四个测验区居住的居民比中国的整体水平要富裕。

The Chinese areas displaced⁹ the top school system in the 2015 PISA, the Asian city-state of Singapore.

在2015年的国际学生评估项目中，中国取代了亚洲城市新加坡成为顶尖的学校体系。

Tom Loveless, an educational researcher from California, said the Chinese provinces that were tested saw a substantial¹⁰ increase in their scores. He said China is the only country where the national government chooses the provinces that are tested.

来自加利福尼亚州的教育研究员汤姆·洛弗莱斯表示，接受测试的中国省份，学生们的分数大幅上升。他说，中国是唯一一个由国家政府选择接受测试省份的国家。

"It still makes it very difficult to interpret¹¹ the Chinese scores," he said.

他说：“这仍然使解读中国人的测试分数变得非常困难。”

Loveless describes the overall performance of American students as mediocre¹².

洛弗莱形容美国学生的整体表现平庸。

"The U.S. is basically doing what it's done since PISA started, which is hanging around the middle" of the group," he said.

他说：“美国基本上和刚开始进行国际学生评估项目时一样，位于群体的中间位置。”

Andreas Schleicher is Director for the OECD's Directorate of Education and Skills. He said there is hope for countries where there is not much difference in the performance of students from wealthy and poor backgrounds. Education, he says, remains¹³ a way for poor children in some countries to be successful.

安德烈亚斯·施莱彻尔是经合组织教育与技能理事会主任，他说，对于那些来自富有和贫穷家庭的学生，测试成绩无太大差别的国家来说，希望是存在的。他表示上，教育仍然是一些国家贫困儿童获得成功的途径。

Words in This Story

achievement – n. something that has been done or achieved through effort : a result of hard work

score – n. the number of points, goals, runs, etc., that each player or team has in a game or contest

average - adj. a level that is typical of a group, class, or series : a middle point between extremes

randomly – adv. chosen or done without a particular plan or pattern

background – n. the experiences, knowledge and education in a person's past

fine-tune – v. to make small changes to something to improve the way it works to make it just right

focus – n. a subject that is being discussed or studied : the subject on which people's attention is focused — usually singular

disadvantaged – adj. lacking the things—like money and education-- that are considered necessary for an equal position in society

quarter – n. one of four equal parts of something

red flag – n. a warning sign

mediocre – adj. not very good

1 assessment   

n.评价；评估；对财产的估价，被估定的金额

参考例句：

• This is a very perceptive assessment of the situation.这是一个对该情况的极富洞察力的评价。
• What is your assessment of the situation?你对时局的看法如何？

2 administered   

管理( administer的过去式和过去分词 )； 治理（国家）； 给予； 执行

参考例句：

• An oath was administered to the newly elected President. 新当选的总统执行了宣誓手续。
• In summary, all government departments are administered rather differently. 概括地说，各政府部门的管理方式是很不相同的。

3 randomly   

adv.随便地，未加计划地

参考例句：

• Within the hot gas chamber, molecules are moving randomly in all directions. 在灼热的气体燃烧室内，分子在各个方向上作无规运动。 来自辞典例句
• Transformed cells are loosely attached, rounded and randomly oriented. 转化细胞则不大贴壁、圆缩并呈杂乱分布。 来自辞典例句

4 makers   

n.制造者，制造商（maker的复数形式）

参考例句：

• The makers of the product assured us that there had been no sacrifice of quality. 这一产品的制造商向我们保证说他们没有牺牲质量。
• The makers are about to launch out a new product. 制造商们马上要生产一种新产品。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 financing   

n.筹措资金

参考例句：

• The main source of our outside financing is bank loan. 我们向外筹措资金的主要渠道是银行贷款。
• They live in a symbiosis with governments that they are financing. 他们与他们服务的政府互利共存。

6 commissioner   

n.（政府厅、局、处等部门）专员，长官，委员

参考例句：

• The commissioner has issued a warrant for her arrest.专员发出了对她的逮捕令。
• He was tapped for police commissioner.他被任命为警务处长。

7 statistics   

n.统计，统计数字，统计学

参考例句：

• We have statistics for the last year.我们有去年的统计资料。
• Statistics is taught in many colleges.许多大学都教授统计学。

8 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

9 displaced   

移动( displace的过去式和过去分词 )； 替换； 移走； 撤职

参考例句：

• Gradually factory workers have been displaced by machines. 工厂的工人已逐渐被机器取代。
• He was displaced by another young man. 他已被另一个年轻人顶替。

10 substantial   

adj.大的，相当可观的，大体上的

参考例句：

• She is preparing a substantial meal against his return.她正在准备一顿丰盛的饭菜为他接风。
• The country bought a substantial number of weapons.这个国家购买了大量武器。

11 interpret   

vt.解释，说明，理解；vi.作口译

参考例句：

• We have to interpret his words in a modern light.我们不得不用现代观点来解释他的话。
• Please interpret the comments of our foreign guest.请把外宾的话翻译一下。

12 mediocre   

adj.平常的，普通的

参考例句：

• The student tried hard,but his work is mediocre. 该生学习刻苦，但学业平庸。
• Only lazybones and mediocre persons could hanker after the days of messing together.只有懒汉庸才才会留恋那大锅饭的年代。

13 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。