VOA慢速英语2019 美国政府再降难民接收上限

U.S. Administration Proposes Historically Low Refugee Limit

American President Donald Trump¹ and his administration have proposed that the United States accept up to 18,000 refugees in the coming year.

美国总统川普及其政府已经提出，美国明年将会接收多达1.8万名难民。

The State Department said the proposed number would be the lowest since 1980.

美国国务院表示，这一提议数字将会是1980年以来的最低值。

For the 12 months ending on September 30, the country will have accepted about 30,000 refugees.

截至今年9月30日的前12个月，美国将会接收大约3万名难民。

If the administration’s proposal is approved, next year will be the third year of cuts to refugee resettlement under the Trump presidency².

如果政府的这一提议获得批准，明年将是川普任期内第三年削减难民安置。

The final decision will be made in the coming weeks. It will come in what U.S. officials are calling “presidential determination.” A top administration official said the decision will be made after discussions with Congress.

最终决定将会在未来几周做出。它将会以美国官员所谓的“总统决定”的形式出台。一位政府高级官员表示，这一决定将在与国会商讨后做出。

No new refugees can be admitted in the fiscal³ year of 2020 until the presidential determination is approved. The fiscal year is related to government spending. It begins on October 1 and continues until the end of September the following year.

2020年财政年度不会接收任何新的难民，直到这一总统决定获得批准。财政年度与政府的支出有关。它从当年10月1日一直持续到来年9月底。

New refugee resettlement proposals

难民安置新提议

Before Trump’s election in 2016, the Associated Press reported, the number of refugees accepted was between 60,000 and 70,000 a year, on average.

据美联社报道，在川普2016年当选之前，美国平均每年接受的难民人数在6到7万之间。

During the final year of Barack Obama’s presidency, the refugee limit was set at 110,000. Trump reduced that number by more than half in his first year as president. At the time, Trump noted⁴ concerns about national security.

在奥巴马总统任期的最后一年，难民安置人数限制在11万。川普总统在总统任期第一年就将这一数字削减了一半以上。当时，川普特别提到了对国家安全的担忧。

Supporters of resettling refugees had called for a limit of 95,000 in 2020.

支持者呼吁将2020年的难民安置人数限制在9.5万人。

Daryl Grisgarber deals with humanitarian⁵ issues for the aid group Oxfam America. He criticized the administration proposal shortly after it was announced Thursday.

达里尔·格里斯加伯为援助组织“美国乐施会”处理人道主义问题。在川普政府的这一提议周四发布后不久他就提出了批评。

“Today’s refugee admissions announcement is a signal to the world that the U.S. is no longer a welcoming place,” he said.

他说：“今天宣布的难民接收人数是在向世界表明，美国不再欢迎你。”

The proposed limit on refugees is one of three changes to the resettlement program.

拟议的难民限制是难民安置项目三大改革之一。

The president also approved an executive order that will require state and local governments to “consent” to accept refugees for resettlement. The move would give states the ability to prevent nonprofit organizations operating in the state from accepting refugees. The move comes after Tennessee officials unsuccessfully brought legal action against the federal government to stop resettlement in their state.

川普总统还批准了一项行政命令，要求州和地方政府“同意”接受难民安置。此举将使各州有能力阻止在该州开展活动的非营利组织接纳难民。此举是在田纳西州官员状告联邦政府停止在该州安置难民失败之后做出的。

Krish O’Mara Vignarajah is president of Lutheran Immigration and Refugee Service. She disagreed with Trump’s executive order and said that immigration was a federal issue.

克里斯·奥玛拉·维格纳罗加是路德教会移民和难民服务处的负责人。她不赞同川普的行政命令，并称移民是一个联邦问题。

Critics of the U.S. refugee program have called for the number of admissions to be cut and other changes.

美国难民项目的批评者呼吁减少接收人数，并进行其它改革。

The acting⁶ director of U.S. Citizenship⁷ and Immigration Services, Ken⁸ Cuccinelli, is suggesting additional changes. He said, “I think you might see some other entities⁹ that get to play a role in making decisions about refugees and resettlement here in the near future.”

美国公民及移民服务局代理局长肯·库奇内利建议进行其它改革。他说：“我认为您可能会在不久的将来看到其它一些机构在难民和安置问题的决断上发挥作用。”

Cuccinelli spoke¹⁰ to the group Center for Immigration Studies.

库奇内利向移民研究中心发表了这一讲话。

In addition to the new limit and new powers for state and local officials, the State Department is creating a new classification for refugees.

除了难民安置的新限制以及州和地方官员的新权力之外，国务院还正为难民创建新的分类。

For the 2020 fiscal year, the total number would include up to 5,000 refugees persecuted¹¹ because of their religious beliefs. The U.S. would accept 4,000 Iraqis who assisted the U.S. military during operations in Iraq. And it would accept up to 1,500 refugees from the countries of El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras.

在2020年财政年度，难民安置总人数将会包括多达5千名因宗教信仰遭受迫害的难民。美国将会接收4千名在伊拉克作战期间协助美军的伊拉克人。美国还将会接收来自萨尔瓦多、危地马拉和洪都拉斯等国的多达1500名难民。

Words in This Story

consent – v. to agree to permit or do something

role – n. the part that someone or something plays in an activity or situation

persecuted – adj. to be mistreated or harmed because of religious, political beliefs or race

1 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

2 presidency   

n.总统(校长，总经理)的职位(任期)

参考例句：

• Roosevelt was elected four times to the presidency of the United States.罗斯福连续当选四届美国总统。
• Two candidates are emerging as contestants for the presidency.两位候选人最终成为总统职位竞争者。

3 fiscal   

adj.财政的，会计的，国库的，国库岁入的

参考例句：

• The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。
• The government has two basic strategies of fiscal policy available.政府有两个可行的财政政策基本战略。

4 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

5 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。

6 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

7 citizenship   

n.市民权，公民权，国民的义务(身份)

参考例句：

• He was born in Sweden,but he doesn't have Swedish citizenship.他在瑞典出生，但没有瑞典公民身分。
• Ten years later,she chose to take Australian citizenship.十年后，她选择了澳大利亚国籍。

8 ken   

n.视野，知识领域

参考例句：

• Such things are beyond my ken.我可不懂这些事。
• Abstract words are beyond the ken of children.抽象的言辞超出小孩所理解的范围.

9 entities   

实体对像； 实体，独立存在体，实际存在物( entity的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Our newspaper and our printing business form separate corporate entities. 我们的报纸和印刷业形成相对独立的企业实体。
• The North American continent is made up of three great structural entities. 北美大陆是由三个构造单元组成的。

10 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

11 persecuted   

（尤指宗教或政治信仰的）迫害(~sb. for sth.)( persecute的过去式和过去分词 )； 烦扰，困扰或骚扰某人

参考例句：

• Throughout history, people have been persecuted for their religious beliefs. 人们因宗教信仰而受迫害的情况贯穿了整个历史。
• Members of these sects are ruthlessly persecuted and suppressed. 这些教派的成员遭到了残酷的迫害和镇压。