VOA慢速英语2020 新冠肺炎导致越南经济前景黯淡

Vietnamese officials have lowered expectations for their country's normally fast-growing economy in 2020. The officials noted¹ that weakness in the international economy has reduced demand for exports and international travel.

越南官员在2020年降低了对本国通常快速增长的经济的期望。这些官员指出，国际经济的疲软减少了对出口和国际旅行的需求。

Vietnam's $260 billion economy has grown 6 percent or more each year since 2012 because of an increase in manufactured exports. Vietnamese officials say the economy will grow just 2 percent in 2020. That is down from an earlier target of 2.5 percent. The Asian Development Bank estimates that the economy will expand at a rate of just 1.8 percent this year.

自2012年以来，规模达2600亿美元的越南经济以每年不低于6%的速度增长，原因是制造品出口的增长。越南官员表示，2020年越南经济将仅增长2%。这低于了早先设定的2.5%的目标。亚洲开发银行估计，今年该国的经济增长将只有1.8%。

Experts say measures taken around the world to contain COVID-19 have reduced orders to Vietnamese factories that make shoes, clothing and furniture.

专家表示，世界范围内采取的遏制新冠肺炎的措施使得越南制造鞋、成衣和家具的工厂的订单减少。

Stay-at-home rules in Western countries are keeping people away from physical stores. Business closures in those countries have left people out of work and less likely to buy non-essential goods.

西方国家的居家规定使人们远离实体商店。这些国家的企业停业使得人们失业，购买非必需品的可能性降低。

Frederick Burke is a partner with the law office Baker² McKenzie in Ho Chi Minh City. He told VOA, "The rule is that those light industrial goods are weak, the exports orders are down and there's reports of a lot of unemployment in the factory sector³ in the [Vietnamese] provinces."

弗雷德里克·伯克是胡志明市贝克·麦肯齐律师事务所的合伙人。他对美国之音表示：“规律是轻工业产品需求疲软，出口订单下降，有报道称越南各省的工厂部门存在大量失业。”

Vietnamese factories that make electronic products still get orders from companies that sell overseas to people working or studying at home. However, most factories that make non-essential goods are failing, Burke said.

伯克表示，越南电子产品制造工厂仍然获得了一些公司的订单，这些公司向在家工作或学习的海外人士出售产品。然而，大多数生产非必需品的工厂都要倒闭。

For example, one Vietnamese factory operated by a Taiwan-based company dismissed 150 workers earlier this year. That information comes from the nonprofit Business & Human Rights Resource Centre.

例如，一家中国台湾公司经营的越南工厂今年年初解雇了150名工人。该信息来自于非营利性商业和人权资源中心。

Vietnam has closed its borders to limit the spread of COVID-19. The border closure is stopping investors⁴ from making trips that would help them expand. They would normally travel to Vietnam from Japan, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan to search for new places to manufacture goods.

越南已经关闭边境以控制新冠肺炎扩散。边境关闭使得投资者无法进行本来有助于他们扩大业务的差旅活动。他们通常会从日本、新加坡、韩国和中国台湾前往越南，寻找制造产品的新地方。

Jack⁵ Nguyen is a partner with Mazars, a business advisory⁶ service, in Ho Chi Minh City. He said that Vietnam's tourism industry has also been badly affected⁷ by the restrictions⁸ on travel. Foreign tourism usually makes up 6 percent of the Vietnamese economy.

杰克·阮是胡志明市Mazars企业咨询公司的合伙人。他说，越南的旅游业也受到旅行限制的严重影响。涉外旅游通常占到越南经济的6%

"Things will only pick up only when the borders are open and there's no quarantine requirements," Nguyen said. "Who knows when that's going to be."

阮先生表示：“只有边境开放并且不要求隔离，事情才会出现转机。谁也不知道要等到什么时候。”

Experts say a COVID-19 outbreak earlier in Danang, followed by the start of the school year, has reduced travel within Vietnam. Some of the country's hotels are up for sale as a result, Nguyen noted.

专家表示，岘港之前的新冠肺炎爆发是在开学之后，这减少了越南的国内出行。阮先生提到，结果就是该国的一些酒店挂牌转让。

The Ministry⁹ of Planning and Investment says it could take as long as four years for the world economy to recover from the effects of COVID-19. The ministry set a 2021 growth target of 6 percent to 6.5 percent, down from an earlier goal of 7 percent.

越南规划和投资部表示，世界经济可能需要长达四年时间才能从新冠肺炎的影响中恢复过来。该部门将2021年的增长目标定为6%到6.5%，低于先前7%的目标。

However, foreign investors in the country are not looking elsewhere. Frederick Burke said that those investors believe Vietnam's economy will survive the effects of the coronavirus health crisis.

然而，该国的外国投资者不考虑其它地方。伯克表示，那些投资者认为越南经济将在新冠病毒健康危机的影响下熬过来。

Ralf Matthaes is founder¹⁰ of the Infocus Mekong Research group in Ho Chi Minh City. He says Vietnam's government "has proven to the world thus far that it can protect its borders from the invasion of a pandemic and create a desirable atmosphere for investment." He added that that is something most other Asian nations cannot say.

拉尔夫·马特斯是胡志明市Infocus Mekong研究组织的创始人。他说，越南政府“迄今为止已经向世界证明，它可以保护其边境不受这场大流行的侵袭，并创造理想的投资氛围。”他还说，这是大多数其它亚洲国家无法承诺的。

1 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

2 baker   

n.面包师

参考例句：

• The baker bakes his bread in the bakery.面包师在面包房内烤面包。
• The baker frosted the cake with a mixture of sugar and whites of eggs.面包师在蛋糕上撒了一层白糖和蛋清的混合料。

3 sector   

n.部门，部分；防御地段，防区；扇形

参考例句：

• The export sector will aid the economic recovery. 出口产业将促进经济复苏。
• The enemy have attacked the British sector.敌人已进攻英国防区。

4 investors   

n.投资者，出资者( investor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• a con man who bilked investors out of millions of dollars 诈取投资者几百万元的骗子
• a cash bonanza for investors 投资者的赚钱机会

5 jack   

n.插座，千斤顶，男人；v.抬起，提醒，扛举；n.（Jake）杰克

参考例句：

• I am looking for the headphone jack.我正在找寻头戴式耳机插孔。
• He lifted the car with a jack to change the flat tyre.他用千斤顶把车顶起来换下瘪轮胎。

6 advisory   

adj.劝告的，忠告的，顾问的，提供咨询

参考例句：

• I have worked in an advisory capacity with many hospitals.我曾在多家医院做过顾问工作。
• He was appointed to the advisory committee last month.他上个月获任命为顾问委员会委员。

7 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

8 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

9 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

10 Founder   

n.创始者，缔造者

参考例句：

• He was extolled as the founder of their Florentine school.他被称颂为佛罗伦萨画派的鼻祖。
• According to the old tradition,Romulus was the founder of Rome.按照古老的传说，罗穆卢斯是古罗马的建国者。