Pandemic Deals Blow to Plastic Reduction Efforts

Just weeks ago, many American cities and states were enforcing restrictions¹ on the use of plastics in stores and restaurants.

Shoppers were required to bring reusable bags to food stores or pay a small amount of money to receive a bag. Restaurants in some areas were told not to use some plastic takeout containers.

The efforts are part of a widespread U.S. movement to remove one-use plastic bags from everyday life. But the COVID-19 pandemic has changed everything.

In just a few days, U.S. bans to reduce the use of plastics, mostly shopping bags, have been ignored by a public afraid of getting coronavirus.

Governors in Massachusetts and Illinois have banned or urged against the use of reusable cloth bags often brought to food stores. Oregon suspended its new ban on plastic bags this week. And cities from Bellingham, Washington, to Albuquerque, New Mexico, have announced a temporary halt on plastic bag bans as the coronavirus crisis³ continues.

There is an increase in takeout food and a ban on reusable cups and straws at the few coffee stores that remain open. Many environmentalists worry that COVID-19 could end their successful efforts to reduce plastic pollution.

"People are scared for their lives...the economy, feeding their loved ones, so the environment is taking a back seat," said Glen Quadros. He is owner of the Great American Diner & Bar in Seattle, Washington.

Quadros has lost 15 employees and seen a 60 percent decrease in business since Seattle shut down to slow the virus. Now, he is using biodegradable containers for takeout, but they are costly⁴ -- up to three times more than plastic. They are also getting difficult to find, he said, because of demand.

The plastics industry sees the current situation as a chance to get U.S. officials to reconsider the restrictions. The industry is asking states to remove bans on plastics by arguing that plastic one-use bags are safer in the current crisis.

California, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Maine, New York, Oregon and Vermont have all banned plastic bags statewide. New York's ban has not yet started because of legal action.

The Plastics Industry Association recently sent a letter to Alex Azar. He is head of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The association asked him to speak out against plastic bag bans, arguing that the rules are putting people at risk.

In Oregon, a union representing food store workers is asking the state government for a ban on reusable bags. A Chicago union called for an end "to the disease-transmitting bag tax."

Critics say people who use reusable bags do not often wash them.

A study by the U.S. National Institutes of Health found the virus can stay on plastics for up to three days. It also can stay on cardboard⁵ material for up to one day.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says it appears possible for a person to get COVID-19 by touching⁶ something that has the virus on it and then touching their face. But experts have said that is not the main way the virus spreads.

More studies are needed to really know if reusable bags are in fact dangerous, says Dr. Jennifer Vines. She is the lead health official for Portland, Oregon.

Vines said that currently⁷, it is not clear whether a virus found on a surface – including cloth or something else - can actually give someone the virus.

Some food stores are letting shoppers use their own bags if they put the food inside, so the worker does not have to touch the bag. Others have banned them.

Environmental groups have pushed back strongly against arguments by the plastics industry that banning one-use plastic bags could worsen the pandemic.

John Hocevar of Greenpeace USA said, "the movement... is not going to be that easy for the plastic industry to stop."

Words in This Story

shopper² – n. one who buys things in stores

pandemic – n. an illness that spreads around the world

cup – n. a thing to hold liquid to drink

straw – n. a plastic tube used for drinking liquid

biodegradable – adj. capable of being broken down into small parts by natural processes

transmit – v. to send

cardboard – n. a thick, stiff paper that is used to make boxes

1 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

2 shopper   

n.购物者，顾客

参考例句：

• Hong Kong is a shopper's paradise.香港是购物者的天堂。
• She is one shopper who takes responsibility in bagging her own goods.她是一名承担责任把食品装进袋子的顾客。

3 crisis   

n.危机，危急关头，决定性时刻，关键阶段

参考例句：

• He had proved that he could be relied on in a crisis.他已表明，在紧要关头他是可以信赖的。
• The topic today centers about the crisis in the Middle East.今天课题的中心是中东危机。

4 costly   

adj.昂贵的，价值高的，豪华的

参考例句：

• It must be very costly to keep up a house like this.维修这么一幢房子一定很昂贵。
• This dictionary is very useful,only it is a bit costly.这本词典很有用，左不过贵了些。

5 cardboard   

n.硬纸板，卡纸板

参考例句：

• She brought the shopping home in a cardboard box.她将买的东西放在纸箱里带回家。
• There is a sheet of stiff cardboard in the drawer.在那个抽屉里有块硬纸板。

6 touching   

adj.动人的，使人感伤的

参考例句：

• It was a touching sight.这是一幅动人的景象。
• His letter was touching.他的信很感人。

7 currently   

adv.通常地，普遍地，当前

参考例句：

• Currently it is not possible to reconcile this conflicting evidence.当前还未有可能去解释这一矛盾的例证。
• Our contracts are currently under review.我们的合同正在复查。