VOA慢速英语2020 美国因退出世卫组织面临广泛批评

The United States is facing increasing criticism for its withdrawal¹ Monday from the World Health Organization (WHO).

由于周一退出世界卫生组织，美国因此面临越来越多的批评。

China denounced the U.S. decision. Foreign ministry² official Zhao Lijian said the withdrawal will weaken international efforts to fight the COVID-19 health crisis. He added that the damage would especially hurt developing countries where the need for aid is urgent.

中国谴责了美国的决定。外交部官员赵立坚表示，退出世卫组织将削弱国际社会抗击新冠肺炎疫情的努力。他补充说，这种行为尤其会损害急需援助的发展中国家。

Zhao spoke³ to reporters Wednesday in Beijing. He praised the work of the WHO, describing it as "the most authoritative⁴ and professional international" organization dealing⁵ with public health security.

周三，赵立坚在北京接受了记者采访。他称赞了世界卫生组织的工作，称其是处理公共卫生安全问题的“最权威、最专业的国际”组织。

The U.S. withdrawal will not take effect for a year as required by the WHO constitution. The U.S. also is required to pay any membership fees it owes the United Nations agency.

根据世界卫生组织章程的要求，美国退出世卫组织将在一年内生效。美国还被要求补交其拖欠世卫组织的会费。

Health officials and opponents to President Donald Trump⁶'s administration also criticized the decision to withdraw. Presidential candidate and former Vice⁷ President Joe Biden said he would cancel the withdrawal on his first day in office if elected in November. Americans are safer when the U.S. is involved in worldwide health efforts, Biden said.

卫生官员和特朗普政府的反对者也批评了这项决定。总统候选人、前副总统拜登称，如果他在11月当选总统，上任首日就会取消这一退出计划。拜登表示，只有美国参与到全球范围的防疫工作中，美国人才会更安全。

Nancy Pelosi, the Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives, called the withdrawal "an act of true senselessness." She wrote in a Twitter message, "With millions of lives at risk, the president is crippling the international effort to defeat the virus."

美国众议院议长南希·佩洛西（Nancy Pelosi）称，（退出世卫）是“真正毫无意义的行为”。她在推特上写道：“数百万人命在旦夕，而总统却在削弱国际社会抗击疫情的努力。”

For months, Trump has criticized the WHO's effort to deal with COVID-19. He accuses the organization of surrendering to Chinese pressure to mislead the public about the disease. In April, Trump suspended U.S. financial support for the WHO. In May, he said the United States planned to withdraw.

数月来，特朗普一直在批评世卫组织应对新冠肺炎疫情的努力。他指责该组织屈服于中国的压力，误导公众对该疾病的看法。今年4月，特朗普暂停了美国对世卫组织的财政支持。5月份，他表示，美国打算退出世界卫生组织。

The president's supporters agree that the WHO has had failings in the COVID-19 crisis. But, not all necessarily support Trump's decision to withdraw.

总统的支持者认为，世卫组织在应对新冠病毒危机时确有不力之处。但是，并非所有人都支持特朗普的退出决定。

American lawmaker Lamar Alexander leads the U.S. Senate's health committee. In a statement Tuesday, he agreed that the WHO's COVID-19 actions should be examined. But he added, "the time to do that is after the crisis has been dealt with, not in the middle of it."

美国议员拉马尔·亚历山大领导着美国参议院卫生委员会。在周二的一份声明中，他同意应该对世卫组织的新冠肺炎工作进行调查。但他补充说，“不过应该在危机解决后进行，而不是现在。”

The U.S. was among the countries that established the World Health Organization in 1948. It is its largest donor⁸, as well, providing more than $450 million to the agency every year. America leads the world with the most COVID-19 cases – over 3 million, and more than 131,000 deaths.

美国是1948年成立世界卫生组织的国家之一。该国也是世卫组织最大的赞助国，每年向该机构提供4.5亿多美元。美国是全球新冠肺炎病例最多的国家——超过300万例，死亡人数超过13.1万人。

U.S. health experts called the president's decision shortsighted and destructive of international cooperation in fighting all diseases.

美国卫生专家称，总统的决定“目光短浅”，并且破坏了抗击所有疾病的国际合作。

Thomas File Jr., president of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, said the withdrawal leaves the U.S. at greater risk of COVID-19 as it will not be part of international efforts to "develop and access vaccines⁹." He said the U.S. would also face greater danger in future pandemics without WHO membership.

美国传染病学会主席托马斯·费莱（Thomas File Jr.）表示，退出世卫组织将使美国在抗击新冠疫情时面临更大的风险，因为这不是“研发和获取疫苗”的国际努力的一部分。他表示，如果失去了世卫组织的成员国身份，美国在未来的大流行中也将面临更大的危险。

I'm Caty Weaver¹⁰.

卡蒂·韦佛为您播报。

1 withdrawal   

n.取回，提款；撤退，撤军；收回，撤销

参考例句：

• The police were forced to make a tactical withdrawal.警方被迫进行战术撤退。
• They insisted upon a withdrawal of the statement and a public apology.他们坚持要收回那些话并公开道歉。

2 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

3 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

4 authoritative   

adj.有权威的，可相信的；命令式的；官方的

参考例句：

• David speaks in an authoritative tone.大卫以命令的口吻说话。
• Her smile was warm but authoritative.她的笑容很和蔼，同时又透着威严。

5 dealing   

n.经商方法，待人态度

参考例句：

• This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.该商店因买卖公道而享有极高的声誉。
• His fair dealing earned our confidence.他的诚实的行为获得我们的信任。

6 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

7 vice   

n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的

参考例句：

• He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
• They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。

8 donor   

n.捐献者；赠送人；(组织、器官等的)供体

参考例句：

• In these cases,the recipient usually takes care of the donor afterwards.在这类情况下，接受捐献者以后通常会照顾捐赠者。
• The Doctor transplanted the donor's heart to Mike's chest cavity.医生将捐赠者的心脏移植进麦克的胸腔。

9 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

10 weaver   

n.织布工；编织者

参考例句：

• She was a fast weaver and the cloth was very good.她织布织得很快，而且布的质量很好。
• The eager weaver did not notice my confusion.热心的纺织工人没有注意到我的狼狈相。