VOA慢速英语2021 2021年诺贝尔和平奖获得者——玛丽亚·雷沙和德米特里·穆拉托

Reporters Maria Ressa of the Philippines and Dmitry Muratov of Russia won the 2021 Nobel Peace Prize on Friday.

周五，菲律宾记者玛丽亚·雷沙和俄罗斯记者德米特里·穆拉托夫获得2021年诺贝尔和平奖。

The two won the prize for their fight for freedom of expression in countries where journalists have faced continuing pressure, attacks and even murder.

两人因在记者面临持续压力、袭击甚至谋杀的国家为言论自由而战而获奖。

Berit Reiss-Andersen chairs the Norwegian Nobel Committee.

贝里特·赖斯·安德森担任挪威诺贝尔委员会主席。

She said the two were awarded "for their courageous¹ fight for freedom of expression" in their countries.

她说，这两人获奖是因为他们在各自国家“为言论自由英勇斗争”。

Reiss-Andersen added, "They are representatives of all journalists who stand up for this ideal in a world in which democracy and freedom of the press face increasingly adverse² conditions."

赖斯·安德森补充说，“他们代表了在一个新闻民主和自由面临日益不利条件的世界中为这一理想挺身而出的所有记者。”

She added, "Free, independent and fact-based journalism³ serves to protect against abuse of power, lies and war propaganda."

她还说：“自由、独立和基于事实的新闻报道有助于防止滥用权力、谎言和战争宣传。”

Ressa is the first winner of a Nobel prize in any field from the Philippines.

雷沙是菲律宾首位诺贝尔奖获得者。

The Nobel committee noted⁴ that, in 2012, Ressa co-founded Rappler.

诺贝尔委员会指出，2012年，雷沙与人共同创立了拉普勒。

The news website has centered critical attention on what the Nobel committee called President Rodrigo Duterte's "controversial, murderous anti-drug campaign" in the Philippines.

该新闻网站将批评的焦点集中在诺贝尔委员会所说的菲律宾总统罗德里戈·杜特尔特“有争议的、残暴的禁毒运动”上。

Rappler has also shown how social media is being used to spread false news and attack opponents.

拉普勒还展示了社交媒体是如何被用来传播虚假新闻和攻击对手的。

Ressa was found guilty last year of libel and sentenced to jail.

雷沙去年被判犯有诽谤罪并被判入狱。

In August, a Philippine court dismissed the case.

今年8月，菲律宾一家法院驳回了此案。

Ressa said she hopes the Nobel Peace prize will help investigative journalism "that will hold power to account."

雷沙说，她希望诺贝尔和平奖将有助于调查性新闻报道“让权力承担责任”。

Dmitry Muratov is the first Russian to win the Nobel Peace prize since Soviet⁵ leader Mikhail Gorbachev in 1990.

德米特里·穆拉托夫是继1990年苏联领导人米哈伊尔·戈尔巴乔夫以来俄罗斯首位诺贝尔和平奖获得者。

Gorbachev used some of his prize money to help what would become Novaya Gazeta newspaper.

戈尔巴乔夫用他的部分奖金帮助了后来成为《新报》的报纸。

The money went toward buying office equipment and computers.

这笔钱用于购买办公设备和电脑。

Muratov was one of the founders⁶ of Novaya Gazeta.

穆拉托夫是《新报》的创始人之一。

The Nobel committee called the publication "the most independent newspaper in Russia today."

诺贝尔委员会称该出版物为“当今俄罗斯最独立的报纸”。

The committee praised the paper for providing Russians with important information "rarely mentioned by other media."

委员会称赞该报为俄罗斯人提供了“其他媒体很少提及”的重要信息。

Muratov dedicated⁷ his award to six Novaya Gazeta journalists who were murdered for their reporting on human rights violations⁸ and corruption⁹.

穆拉托夫将他的奖项献给六名《新报》记者，他们因报道侵犯人权和腐败而被谋杀。

He said, "Igor Domnikov, Yuri Shchekochikhin, Anna Politkovskaya, Stas Markelov, Anastasia Baburova, Natasha Estemirova—these are the people who have today won the Nobel Prize."

他说：“伊戈尔·多姆尼科夫、尤里·谢科奇金、安娜·波利特科夫斯卡娅、斯塔斯·马尔克洛夫、阿纳斯塔西娅·巴布罗娃、娜塔莎·爱斯特米洛娃——这些都是今天获得诺贝尔奖的人。”

The Committee to Protect Journalists reported that 17 media workers were killed in the Philippines over the past 10 years.

保护记者委员会报告称，在过去10年里，有17名媒体工作者在菲律宾被杀害。

Twenty-three were killed in Russia, the group reported.

据该委员会报道，有23名媒体工作者在俄罗斯丧生。

The French group Reporters without Borders, or RSF, has worked with Ressa and Muratov to defend journalism in their countries.

法国“无国界记者”组织(简称RSF)与雷沙和穆拉托夫合作，捍卫他们国家的新闻业。

RSF noted, "This prize is a great signal, a very powerful message to defend journalism everywhere."

“无国界记者”组织指出：“这个奖项是一个伟大的信号，一个非常有力的信息，可以捍卫世界各地的新闻业。”

Reiss-Andersen told Reuters that she believes the awards will force leaders of both the Philippines and Russia "to defend the present situation."

赖斯·安德森告诉路透社，她相信该奖项将迫使菲律宾和俄罗斯的领导人“捍卫目前的局势”。

She added, "I am curious how they will respond."

她补充说，“我很好奇他们会作何反应。”

I'm Ashley Thompson.

阿什利·汤普森为您播报。

1 courageous   

adj.勇敢的，有胆量的

参考例句：

• We all honour courageous people.我们都尊重勇敢的人。
• He was roused to action by courageous words.豪言壮语促使他奋起行动。

2 adverse   

adj.不利的；有害的；敌对的，不友好的

参考例句：

• He is adverse to going abroad.他反对出国。
• The improper use of medicine could lead to severe adverse reactions.用药不当会产生严重的不良反应。

3 journalism   

n.新闻工作，报业

参考例句：

• He's a teacher but he does some journalism on the side.他是教师，可还兼职做一些新闻工作。
• He had an aptitude for journalism.他有从事新闻工作的才能。

4 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

5 Soviet   

adj.苏联的，苏维埃的；n.苏维埃

参考例句：

• Zhukov was a marshal of the former Soviet Union.朱可夫是前苏联的一位元帅。
• Germany began to attack the Soviet Union in 1941.德国在1941年开始进攻苏联。

6 founders   

n.创始人( founder的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• He was one of the founders of the university's medical faculty. 他是该大学医学院的创建人之一。 来自辞典例句
• The founders of our religion made this a cornerstone of morality. 我们宗教的创始人把这看作是道德的基石。 来自辞典例句

7 dedicated   

adj.一心一意的；献身的；热诚的

参考例句：

• He dedicated his life to the cause of education.他献身于教育事业。
• His whole energies are dedicated to improve the design.他的全部精力都放在改进这项设计上了。

8 violations   

违反( violation的名词复数 )； 冒犯； 违反（行为、事例）； 强奸

参考例句：

• This is one of the commonest traffic violations. 这是常见的违反交通规则之例。
• These violations of the code must cease forthwith. 这些违犯法规的行为必须立即停止。

9 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。