VOA慢速英语2021 I or me怎么用？

Welcome to Ask a Teacher – a new program where readers ask questions and teachers answer them.

欢迎收听名师答疑节目。在这个新节目中，读者们可以提问，老师会给出解答。

Some of the first words English students learn are "I" and "me."

英语学生最早学习的一些单词是“I”和“me” 。

But even native¹ English speakers do not always know which one to use in a sentence.

但是即使是母语为英语的人士也不总是知道在句子中使用哪一个。

In today's Ask a Teacher, Fernanda from Brazil gets right to the heart of the problem.

在今天的名师答疑节目中，巴西的Fernanda直指问题的核心。

Here is her question.

以下是她的提问。

Sometimes I don't know when to use "I" or "me."

有时候我不知道什么时候用 I 或 me。

For example, I want to tell someone that I made some food with a friend.

例如，我想要告诉某人我跟朋友一起做了一些食物。

How can I say it: "Monica and I made the food?" or "Monica and me made the food"?

我该怎么说呢？应该说 “Monica and I made the food? ”还是“Monica and me made the food？”

Hello Fernanda!

Fernanda，你好。

I can tell that you know to use the word "I" when you are the only subject of the sentence.

当“你”是句子中唯一的主语时，你知道使用“I”这个单词。

You correctly wrote "I want..." for example. In this case, "I" is the subject and "want" is the verb².

例如你正确地写出了“ I want…”在这种情况下， I 是主语，want 是动词。

But you are asking about a situation involving³ two people: you and your friend.

你问的是涉及你和你的朋友两个人时的情况。

Let's review what you already know to find the answer.

让我们来回顾一下你已经知道的知识，以找出答案。

"I" is a subject pronoun⁴.

“I”是主语代词。

It refers⁵ to the person performing the action of a verb.

它指的是执行动作的人。

Use "I" for the subject of the sentence.

“I”用作句子的主语。

"Me" is an object⁶ pronoun.

“Me”是宾格形式。

It refers to the person receiving the action of a verb.

它指的是接受动作的人。

Use "me" for the object of the sentence.

“Me”用作句子的宾语。

In your sentence about cooking, are you and your friend the subject or the object of the verb "made"? In other words, are you the ones making the food – or is the food making you?

在你关于烹饪的句子中，你和你的朋友是动词 made 的主语还是宾语？换句话说，是你制作食物呢还是食物做成你？

You are making the food, of course.

显然是你制作食物。

So, the answer to your question is: "Monica and I made the food."

所以，你的问题的答案就是“Monica and I made the food”。

In this sentence, the whole subject is "Monica and I."

在这句话中，完整的主语是 “Monica and I”。

Let's look at a few more sentences with "I" as part of the subject:

让我们来再看几个用“I”做主语的句子：

In September, Monica and I are starting classes.

莫妮卡和我九月份要开始上课。

When can Monica and I visit the new museum?

莫妮卡和我什么时候可以参观新博物馆？

And sentences with "me" as part of the object:

以及用me作宾语的句子：

What did you bring back for Monica and me?

你给我和莫妮卡带了什么？

David is giving Monica and me a ride to the airport.

戴维正开车送我和莫妮卡去机场。

If you're still not sure whether to choose "me" or "I," try keeping just the pronoun. Listen:

如果你还是不确定用 me 还是 I ，请尝试一下仅保留代词。听下面一句：

What did you bring back for I?

你给我带了什么？

You would not ask, "What did you bring back for I?"

你肯定不会说“What did you bring back for I？”

The correct way to form the question is: "What did you bring back for me?"

正确的问法是“What did you bring back for me?”

Then you can just add the other person back to the sentence: "What did you bring back for Monica and me?"

然后把另一个人重新放回句子中，这句话就是 “What did you bring back for Monica and me?”

And that's Ask a Teacher.

以上就是今日名师答疑的全部内容。

I'm Alice Bryant.

我是艾莉丝·布莱恩特。

1 native   

adj.本国的，本地的；n.本地人，本国人

参考例句：

• No government shall take away the rights of the native people.任何政府也不能剥夺土著人的权利。
• This is my native land and I'll defend it with my life!这是我的祖国，我将用生命保卫她！

2 verb   

n.[语]动词

参考例句：

• The sentence is formed from a verb and two nouns.这句子由一个动词和两个名词构成。
• These are the finite forms of a verb.这些是一个动词的限定形式。

3 involving   

表明（某人参与了罪行等）( involve的现在分词 )； 使参与； 牵涉； 使专心于

参考例句：

• A girl was killed yesterday in a crash involving a stolen car. 昨天有一女孩在一桩涉及窃车的撞车事故中丧生。
• He tried to be not involving himself in this endless argument. 他尽力使自己不介入这场没完没了的争论。

4 pronoun   

n.代词

参考例句：

• The relative pronoun is often dropped if it is the subject.关系代名词做受词时常被省略。
• Here you should use plural pronoun.这里你应该用复数代词。

5 refers   

v.提到( refer的第三人称单数 )；针对；关系到；请教

参考例句：

• He never refers himself to us when he has difficulties. 他有困难时从不求助于我们。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• His statement refers to people in general, not to anyone in particular. 他的发言是泛指一般情况，不是针对某一个人的。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

6 object   

n.物，物体，目标，宾语；v.反对

参考例句：

• Now he had no object in life.现在他没有生活的目标。
• I object strongly to the idea.我坚决反对这种主张。