VOA慢速英语2021 印度限制疫苗出口迫使一些国家另寻出路

India's new limits on AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine¹ exports has forced several Asian nations to find new suppliers.

印度对阿斯利康新冠疫苗出口实施的新限制迫使数个亚洲国家开始寻找新的供应商。

The country's Serum² Institute is manufacturing the AstraZeneca vaccine. India decided³ recently to temporarily limit exports of the medicine as the nation itself faces rising demand for vaccines⁴.

印度血清研究所正在生产阿斯利康疫苗。印度最近决定暂时限制这种药物的出口，因为该国自身也面临对疫苗日益增长的需求。

The Serum Institute had planned to produce 90 million doses for the World Health Organization-backed COVAX vaccine program. The international program aims to deploy⁵ COVID-19 vaccines to poorer nations around the world.

印度血清研究所曾计划为世卫组织支持的新冠肺炎疫苗实施生产9千万剂疫苗。该国际计划旨在将新冠疫苗部署到世界上较贫穷的国家。

It was not immediately clear how many vaccine doses would be set aside for use in India. But Indian export restrictions⁷ could interfere⁸ with the COVAX program, which aims to serve 64 nations. Vaccine production problems already trouble the program. It also struggles from a lack of money. Wealthy countries are not providing enough financial support to COVAX, COVAX officials say.

目前尚不清楚印度会预留多少剂量疫苗自用。但是印度的出口限制可能会打乱旨在服务64个国家的新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划。疫苗生产问题已经给该计划带来了麻烦。它也为缺乏资金而挣扎。新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划的官员表示，发达国家并未向新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划提供足够的财政支持。

The shortage is likely to leave poor countries without necessary vaccine supplies and lead to increases in vaccine inequity. It could also make it more difficult for some nations to control COVID-19 as new virus versions appear.

疫苗短缺可能会使贫穷国家无法获得必要的疫苗供应，并导致疫苗不平等现象加剧。随着新变种病毒的出现，这也可能使某些国家和地区更难以控制住新冠肺炎。

South Korea, Indonesia, the Philippines and Vietnam are among countries to be hit by vaccine shipment delays under the COVAX program.

韩国、印尼、菲律宾和越南位居受到新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划下疫苗运输延误打击的国家行列。

Carlito Galvez is heading COVID-19 vaccine efforts in the Philippines. He told reporters that COVAX shortages mean the country's "planned increase in daily vaccinations¹⁰ will be affected¹¹."

卡利托·加尔维兹正在领导菲律宾的新冠肺炎工作。他对记者表示，新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划的短缺意味着该国原计划的每日疫苗接种量提升将受到影响。

In Indonesia, a health ministry¹² official told Reuters that 10.3 million doses from COVAX were likely to be delayed until May.

印尼卫生部的一位官员对路透社表示，来自新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划的1030万剂疫苗可能会推迟到5月份。

South Korea confirmed it would only receive 432,000 doses of the 690,000 it was promised and would likely not receive those until around the third week of April. The head of South Korea's COVID-19 vaccination⁹ effort, Kim Ki-nam, said the country was "making efforts to secure more vaccines."

韩国证实该国可能只能收到被承诺的69万剂疫苗中的43.2万剂，并且可能还要推迟到4月份的第三周左右才能收到这些疫苗。韩国新冠肺炎疫苗接种工作的负责人金基南表示，韩国正在努力确保获得更多疫苗。

In the Philippines, President Rodrigo Duterte decided to loosen government restrictions on private vaccine imports to make it easier for companies to get much-needed supplies.

菲律宾总统杜特尔特决定放宽政府对私营疫苗进口的限制，让各家公司更容易获得急需用品。

In Vietnam, officials have also sought help from private companies after the nation's COVAX supplies were cut by 40 percent and shipments now face long delays.

越南在经历新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划供应量被减少40%，并且运输面临长时间延误之后，该国官员也在寻求私营企业的帮助。

India has not provided details on how long its export restriction⁶ will last. But UNICEF, a COVAX partner, recently said shipments are expected to restart by May.

印度尚未提供有关其出口限制将会持续多长时间的详细信息。但是作为新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划合作伙伴的联合国儿童基金会最近表示，预计将于5月重新开始发货。

WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said Tuesday that COVAX needed 10 million vaccine doses immediately to fill an urgent need. "We are already in discussion with some countries and there is some positive signal," he said.

世卫组织总干事谭塞德周二表示，新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划急需1千万剂疫苗来满足迫切需求。他说：“我们已经与一些国家在进行商讨，并且有了一些积极信号。”

Data from UNICEF shows that India itself had received over a third of the nearly 28 million doses of AstraZeneca vaccines from COVAX so far, the most of any country. News that the largest amount of the program's Indian-made vaccines had never left India could add to criticism of the Indian government and COVAX.

联合国儿童基金会的数据显示，到目前为止，印度自身已经接收到新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划中近2800万剂阿斯利康疫苗的1/3以上，这是所有国家中接收数量最多的。有关该计划下印度生产疫苗从未离开印度的新闻可能会加剧对印度政府和新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划的批评。

Africa is highly dependent on COVAX for its vaccines. Nearly all the 89 million doses the continent was to receive through COVAX in the coming weeks were AstraZeneca from India. Reuters reported that just 15 million doses had been received so far.

非洲高度依赖新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划的疫苗。非洲大陆在接下来几周里通过新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划要接收的几乎所有8900万剂疫苗都是来自印度的阿斯利康疫苗。路透社报道称，迄今为止非洲大陆仅收到1500万剂。

"We have good diplomatic relations with China and Russia and we are asking if we can have access to their vaccines in April," said the Philippines' Carlito Galvez.

菲律宾的卡利托·加尔维兹表示：“我们跟中俄两国有着良好的外交关系，我们正在询问4月份是否可以获得他们的疫苗。”

Both the Philippines and Indonesia are currently depending heavily on vaccines from China's Sinovac Biotech. The Philippines and Vietnam have also approved Russia's Sputnik V vaccine, along with more than 50 other mainly developing nations.

菲律宾和印尼目前都严重依赖中国科兴生物公司生产的疫苗。菲律宾和越南还与其它50多个主要发展中国家一起通过了俄罗斯的Sputnik V 疫苗。

1 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

2 serum   

n.浆液，血清，乳浆

参考例句：

• The serum is available to the general public.一般公众均可获得血清。
• Untreated serum contains a set of 11 proteins called complement.未经处理的血清含有一组蛋白质，共11种，称为补体。

3 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

4 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

5 deploy   

v.（军）散开成战斗队形，布置，展开

参考例句：

• The infantry began to deploy at dawn.步兵黎明时开始进入战斗位置。
• The president said he had no intention of deploying ground troops.总统称并不打算部署地面部队。

6 restriction   

n.限制，约束

参考例句：

• The park is open to the public without restriction.这个公园对公众开放，没有任何限制。
• The 30 mph speed restriction applies in all built-up areas.每小时限速30英里适用于所有建筑物聚集区。

7 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

8 interfere   

v.(in)干涉，干预；(with)妨碍，打扰

参考例句：

• If we interfere, it may do more harm than good.如果我们干预的话，可能弊多利少。
• When others interfere in the affair,it always makes troubles. 别人一卷入这一事件，棘手的事情就来了。

9 vaccination   

n.接种疫苗，种痘

参考例句：

• Vaccination is a preventive against smallpox.种痘是预防天花的方法。
• Doctors suggest getting a tetanus vaccination every ten years.医生建议每十年注射一次破伤风疫苗。

10 vaccinations   

n.种痘，接种( vaccination的名词复数 )；牛痘疤

参考例句：

• Vaccinations ensure one against diseases. 接种疫苗可以预防疾病。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I read some publicity about vaccinations while waiting my turn at the doctor's. 在医生那儿候诊时，我读了一些关于接种疫苗的宣传。 来自《简明英汉词典》

11 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

12 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。