VOA时事新闻2023 拜登签署人工智能监管行政令

拜登签署人工智能监管行政令

U.S. President Joe Biden has issued an executive order related to artificial intelligence.

美国总统乔·拜登发布了一项有关人工智能的行政命令。

Biden signed the order on Monday.

拜登于周一签署了这项命令。

He said the government needs to move quickly to work with companies developing artificial intelligence – or AI – technology.

他表示，政府需要迅速采取行动与开发人工智能技术的公司合作。

Jeff Zients, Biden's chief of staff, said the president once said, "we can't move at the normal government pace."

拜登的幕僚长杰夫·齐恩茨说，总统曾说过，“我们不能按照正常的政府步调行事。”

Biden signed an executive order that requires technology companies working on AI projects to develop rules to protect consumers.

拜登签署了一项行政命令，其要求致力于人工智能项目的科技公司制定保护消费者的规则。

An executive order permits the president to tell a U.S. government agency how to act on an issue that lawmakers have not yet dealt with.

行政命令允许总统告诉美国政府机构如何就国会议员尚未处理的问题采取行动。

In the order, Biden said he is using the Defense¹ Production Act, which permits the government, under some conditions, to direct the activities of private businesses.

拜登在该行政命令中表示，他正在使用《国防生产法案》，该法案允许美国政府在某些条件下指导私营企业的活动。

By signing the order, Biden is moving ahead of the U.S. Congress.

通过签署这项命令，拜登走在了美国国会的前面。

The executive order goes past voluntary agreements made by companies such as Meta and Google to make AI technology safer for regular people.

这项行政命令通过了Meta和谷歌等公司自愿达成的协议，这些协议旨在使人工智能技术对普通人更安全。

The new order requires technology companies that want to use AI in applications for security, the economy, public health and safety to share information with the U.S. government.

新命令要求那些希望在安全、经济、公共卫生和安全应用中使用人工智能的科技公司与美国政府共享信息。

The National Institute of Standards and Technology will work to create tests that new AI tools must pass before they are released to the public.

美国国家标准与技术研究院将努力制定新测试，新人工智能工具在向公众发布之前必须通过这些测试。

The U.S. government will be required to think about how AI will be used in cybersecurity, the supervision² of chemicals, radiation, and nuclear materials.

美国政府将被要求考虑如何将人工智能用于网络安全、化学品、辐射和核材料的监管。

The order tells the Department of Commerce to create guidelines for materials generated by AI.

该命令要求商务部为人工智能生成的材料制定指导方针。

That means something such as a photo or video needs to have a mark or stamp showing that AI technology was used to create it.

这意味着诸如照片或视频之类的东西需要有标记来表明其是使用人工智能技术生成的。

One version of this is called a watermark.

其中一种标记方式是水印。

In the case of a photo, a watermark would be a small sign showing that a computer created the image.

就照片而言，水印是一个小标志，表明图像是由计算机生成的。

The order says it aims to deal with concerns that AI will only help certain people.

该命令称，其目的是解决人们对人工智能只会帮助某些人的担忧。

It requires any use of AI technology to follow civil rights guidelines designed to prevent discrimination in hiring, housing, medical treatment and the sentencing of criminals.

该命令要求任何使用人工智能技术的人都要遵守民权指导方针，其目的是防止在招聘、住房、医疗和对罪犯的判刑方面存在歧视。

Biden said he would direct the Department of Justice to bring charges over civil rights violations³ related to AI technology.

拜登表示，他将指示司法部对与人工智能技术相关的侵犯民权的行为提起诉讼。

Biden's declaration covers the use of AI by schools, students and businesses.

拜登的声明涵盖了学校、学生和企业使用人工智能的问题。

One section says companies that want to use AI tools must also consider "the harms and maximize the benefits of AI for workers."

其中一部分称，想要使用人工智能工具的公司还必须考虑“人工智能对员工的危害并最大限度地发挥其好处。”

Biden's advisors⁴ call the order "the strongest set of actions" any government has taken to ensure AI security.

拜登的顾问称这一命令是任何政府为确保人工智能安全而采取的“最强有力的行动”。

Bruce Reed is the White House deputy chief of staff.

布鲁斯·里德是白宫副幕僚长。

He said the order is "an aggressive strategy."

他说，这一命令是“一种激进的战略”。

A Biden administration official also said the president plans to ask U.S. lawmakers to push for stronger data privacy protections.

拜登政府的一名官员还表示，总统计划要求美国国会议员推动加强数据隐私保护力度。

Biden said he wants the U.S. government to stay ahead of AI technology instead of falling behind as it did when social media companies like Facebook, Twitter and Instagram began to get popular.

拜登表示，他希望美国政府在人工智能技术方面保持领先地位，而不是像脸书、推特和照片墙等社交媒体公司开始流行时那样落后。

Biden said he is concerned about the way artificial intelligence can create false images, sounds and videos.

拜登说，他对人工智能制造虚假图像、声音和视频的方式感到担忧。

The images, he said, can hurt the way people see themselves, spread false information and permit criminals to do harm.

他说，这些图像可能会损害人们看待自己的方式，传播虚假信息，让犯罪分子危害社会。

One example, he noted⁵, is that AI can recreate a person's voice.

他指出，一个例子是人工智能可以重现人的声音。

Criminals can then use the sound of a person's voice to make a false call to a friend or family member.

犯罪分子就可以利用一个人的声音向其朋友或家人打虚假电话。

However, he said he sees the possible good things that can come from the new technology to solve medical problems and improve government services.

然而，他表示，他看到了这项新技术可能带来的好处，可以解决医疗问题，改善政府服务。

Government officials around the world say they are worried about the use of AI.

世界各地的政府官员表示，他们对人工智能的使用感到担忧。

The Group of Seven released a document on Monday saying plans are in place for a "code of conduct" agreement that will apply to companies developing artificial intelligence systems.

七国集团周一发布了一份文件，称计划制定一项“行为准则”协议，适用于开发人工智能系统的公司。

Biden praised Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer saying the Senator from New York has been a leader on the issue.

拜登称赞了参议院多数党领袖查克·舒默，称这位来自纽约州的参议员在这个问题上一直是领导者。

U.S. Vice⁶ President Kamala Harris will attend an AI meeting this week in Britain.

美国副总统卡玛拉·哈里斯本周将出席在英国举行的人工智能会议。

Prime Minister Rishi Sunak said he wants to make his country a leader in AI safety.

英国总理里希·苏纳克表示，他希望让他的国家成为人工智能安全领域的领导者。

1 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

2 supervision   

n.监督，管理

参考例句：

• The work was done under my supervision.这项工作是在我的监督之下完成的。
• The old man's will was executed under the personal supervision of the lawyer.老人的遗嘱是在律师的亲自监督下执行的。

3 violations   

违反( violation的名词复数 )； 冒犯； 违反（行为、事例）； 强奸

参考例句：

• This is one of the commonest traffic violations. 这是常见的违反交通规则之例。
• These violations of the code must cease forthwith. 这些违犯法规的行为必须立即停止。

4 advisors   

n.顾问，劝告者( advisor的名词复数 )；（指导大学新生学科问题等的）指导教授

参考例句：

• The governors felt that they were being strung along by their advisors. 地方长官感到他们一直在受顾问们的愚弄。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• We will consult together with advisors about her education. 我们将一起和专家商议她的教育事宜。 来自互联网

5 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

6 vice   

n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的

参考例句：

• He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
• They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。