VOA新闻杂志2023 新德里空气污染严重

新德里空气污染严重

Face coverings, or masks, are back on the streets of New Delhi as residents deal with an increase in air pollution.

由于日益严重的空气污染，新德里街道上的居民又重新戴上了口罩。

The city's government has ordered primary schools to close this week and polluting vehicles and building projects are banned.

该市政府已下令小学本周停课，并禁止污染环境的车辆出行和建筑项目施工。

A thick cover of smog hangs over New Delhi's monuments and buildings.

厚厚的雾霾笼罩着新德里的纪念碑和建筑物。

In the Indian capital, officials are struggling to reduce severe air pollution levels.

在印度首都新德里，官员们正在努力降低严重超标的空气污染水平。

Air pollution in New Delhi is a yearly and continuous health crisis that affects the lives of over 20 million in the city.

新德里的空气污染是一种每年持续的健康危机，影响着该市2000多万人的生活。

On Tuesday, the air quality index came close to the level of 400 for tiny particulate¹ matter.

周二，该市的空气质量指数（每立方米空气中微小颗粒物含量）接近400。

That is a level considered dangerous.

这一水平被认为是危险的。

It is more than 10 times the level considered safe, said SAFAR, India's main environmental agency.

印度主要环境机构SAFAR表示，这是安全水平的10倍以上。

It is the fifth straight day of bad air in the area.

这是该地区连续第五天空气质量不佳。

Officials have released water sprinklers and anti-smog guns to control the pollution.

官员们已经启动了喷水装置和抗雾霾枪来控制污染。

They also announced a fine of $240 for drivers found using gasoline and diesel² cars, buses and trucks that create smog.

他们还宣布，对使用产生烟雾的汽油和柴油汽车、公交车和卡车司机处以240美元的罚款。

Meanwhile, doctors have advised residents to wear masks and avoid outdoors as much as possible.

与此同时，医生建议居民戴口罩，尽量避免外出。

Residents like 55-year-old Renu Aggarwal are worried the smog will worsen as Diwali approaches this weekend.

诸如55岁的雷努·阿加瓦尔这样的居民担心，随着本周末排灯节的临近，雾霾会进一步恶化。

The Hindu festival of light includes the lighting³ of fireworks.

该印度灯节包括燃放烟花。

Aggarwal said her daughter has a pollen⁴ allergy⁵ that worsens with pollution.

阿加瓦尔说，她的女儿对花粉过敏，空气污染会使其过敏症状恶化。

"She cannot breathe. Even though we keep the doors and windows shut in our home, the pollution still affects her so much that even going to the washroom is difficult for her. And she gets breathless," she said.

她说：“她无法呼吸。即使我们把家里的门窗都关了，污染仍然对她影响很大，她甚至连上厕所都很困难。她喘不过气来。”

New Delhi tops the list almost every year of many Indian cities with poor air quality.

在印度许多空气质量较差的城市中，新德里几乎每年都位居榜首。

It gets especially bad in the winter when crops are burned in neighboring states and cooler temperatures create smoggy conditions.

在冬季，当邻近各州焚烧秸秆，较低的气温造成雾霾天气时，该市的空气质量变得尤其差。

Burning the remains⁶ of crops at the start of the winter wheat season is an important cause to the pollution in north India.

在冬小麦季节开始时，焚烧秸秆是印度北部空气污染的一个重要原因。

Officials have been trying to prevent farmers from using the method by offering money to buy machines to turn the soil.

官员们一直试图通过提供资金购买翻耕机器来阻止农民使用这种方法。

But the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology says smoke from crop burning still accounts for 25 percent of the pollution in New Delhi.

但印度热带气象研究所表示，焚烧秸秆产生的烟雾仍占新德里空气污染的25%。

Respirer Living Sciences is a group that watches air quality and other environmental signs.

“呼吸生命科学”是一个观察空气质量和其他环境迹象的组织。

It said New Delhi saw a sharp 32 percent rise in tiny particles in the air between 2019 and 2020, a decrease of 44 percent in 2021, and a steady increase in 2022 and 2023.

该组织称，新德里空气中的微小颗粒物在2019年至2020年间急剧上升32%，2021年下降44%，2022年和2023年稳步上升。

The severe air pollution crisis affects every resident in the city, but the millions who work outdoors are even more at risk.

严重的空气污染危机影响着这座城市的每一个居民，但数百万在户外工作的人面临的风险更大。

Gulshan Kumar drives a motorized rickshaw.

古尔山·库马尔是机动三轮车司机。

He said his nose, throat and eyes regularly fill up with dirt in the air.

他说，他的鼻子、喉咙和眼睛经常满是空气中的灰尘。

His children urge him to return to his hometown in Bihar state.

他的孩子们力劝他回到家乡比哈尔邦。

"They ask me why I work in this polluted and diseased city," he said.

他说：“他们问我要在这个污染严重且病态的城市工作的原因”。

"If I had had employment back home, I wouldn't have come to Delhi to work."

“如果我在家乡有工作，我就不会来德里工作了。”

1 particulate   

adj.微小的；n.微粒，粒子

参考例句：

• A special group was organized to dig up the particulate of the case.成立了一个专门小组来查明该案件的各个细节。
• Lungs retain relatively insoluble particulate material.肺脏内留有不溶解的颗粒物质。

2 diesel   

n.柴油发动机，内燃机

参考例句：

• We experimented with diesel engines to drive the pumps.我们试着用柴油机来带动水泵。
• My tractor operates on diesel oil.我的那台拖拉机用柴油开动。

3 lighting   

n.照明，光线的明暗，舞台灯光

参考例句：

• The gas lamp gradually lost ground to electric lighting.煤气灯逐渐为电灯所代替。
• The lighting in that restaurant is soft and romantic.那个餐馆照明柔和而且浪漫。

4 pollen   

n.[植]花粉

参考例句：

• Hummingbirds have discovered that nectar and pollen are very nutritious.蜂鸟发现花蜜和花粉是很有营养的。
• He developed an allergy to pollen.他对花粉过敏。

5 allergy   

n.(因食物、药物等而引起的)过敏症

参考例句：

• He developed an allergy to pollen.他对花粉过敏。
• The patient had an allergy to penicillin.该患者对青霉素过敏。

6 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。