ECONOMICS REPORT - A New Chief for the Securities and Exchan

ECONOMICS REPORT - A New Chief for the Securities and Exchange Commission
By Mario Ritter

Broadcast: Friday, June 10, 2005

I'm Gwen Outen with the VOA Special English Economics Report.

The Securities and Exchange Commission in Washington was created in nineteen thirty-four to protect investors¹. The S.E.C. enforces laws and rules that govern financial markets. Last week, its chairman, William Donaldson, announced that he will resign at the end of June.

 
Christopher Cox, left, pictured with another member of Congress, Tom Lantos. 
President Bush quickly named a replacement² for approval by the Senate. He nominated California Representative Christopher Cox. The president calls him "a champion of the free-enterprise system." He also says Mister Cox "knows that a free economy is built on trust."

Mister Cox has strong support from business groups. He supported legislation, for example, to make it more difficult for investors to bring legal actions against companies. Mister Cox was first elected to Congress in nineteen eighty-eight.

 
December 10, 2002: President Bush announces his nomination³ of William Donaldson to head the SEC. 
William Donaldson is a former chairman of the New York Stock Exchange. He became chairman of the Securities and Exchange Commission in February of two thousand three. At that time, public trust in the markets had been weakened. Big companies like the energy trader Enron had cheated investors.

The commission had to develop rules to meet new requirements from Congress. Congress passed the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of two thousand two. The law added responsibilities for top officials of companies that sell stock publicly.

Now, chief executives and chief financial officers must confirm financial results. Companies must have controls to protect against mistakes and wrongdoing.

Another rule requires investors to receive the best stock price possible. The agency has also increased rules on mutual⁴ funds and hedge funds.

Mutual funds make many different investments. Mutual funds often pay other companies to supervise their investments. The agency acted to require that most top officials of such funds be independent of the management company.

Hedge funds are similar to mutual funds, but are designed for big investors. Advisers⁵ to large hedge funds will now have to be known to the S.E.C.

The five-member commission has two Democrats⁶ and three Republicans, including Mister Donaldson. Critics of the chairman said his actions were often too restrictive on business. Yet Mister Donaldson says the last two and one-half years may well be remembered as the most productive period in the agency's history.

This VOA Special English Economics Report was written by Mario Ritter.  I'm Gwen Outen.

1 investors   

n.投资者，出资者( investor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• a con man who bilked investors out of millions of dollars 诈取投资者几百万元的骗子
• a cash bonanza for investors 投资者的赚钱机会

2 replacement   

n.取代，替换，交换；替代品，代用品

参考例句：

• We are hard put to find a replacement for our assistant.我们很难找到一个人来代替我们的助手。
• They put all the students through the replacement examination.他们让所有的学生参加分班考试。

3 nomination   

n.提名，任命，提名权

参考例句：

• John is favourite to get the nomination for club president.约翰最有希望被提名为俱乐部主席。
• Few people pronounced for his nomination.很少人表示赞成他的提名。

4 mutual   

adj.相互的，彼此的；共同的，共有的

参考例句：

• We must pull together for mutual interest.我们必须为相互的利益而通力合作。
• Mutual interests tied us together.相互的利害关系把我们联系在一起。

5 advisers   

顾问，劝告者( adviser的名词复数 )； （指导大学新生学科问题等的）指导教授

参考例句：

• a member of the President's favoured circle of advisers 总统宠爱的顾问班子中的一员
• She withdrew to confer with her advisers before announcing a decision. 她先去请教顾问然后再宣布决定。

6 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》