最高法院决议拒绝大麻作为药品

24 最高法院决议拒绝大麻作为药品

DATE=5/19/01
TITLE=IN THE NEWS#481 - Supreme¹ Court Rejects Medical Marijuana
BYLINE=Cynthia Kirk

（Start at 1'06"）This is Steve Ember with the VOA Special English program, IN THE NEWS.
This week, the United States Supreme Court banned the sales of the illegal drug, （1）marijuana, for （2）medical purposes.  The court ruled eight to zero that （3）federal law makes it illegal to sell marijuana for any reason. 
The case involved the （4）Oakland （5）Cannabis Buyer's Cooperative².  It is one of thirty-nine groups in California that provide marijuana to sick and dying people.  The （6）cooperative provides marijuana to patients whose doctors say they need it to ease the pain and physical effects of cancer, AIDS and other diseases.  The group was created after California voters approved a measure that permitted people with a medical need to receive the illegal drug.  The ruling by the （7）Supreme Court is expected to immediately close the medical marijuana cooperative.  
California voters made the state the first in the nation to permit the use of medical marijuana.  They approved a change in state law in Nineteen-Ninety-Six.  Voters in Alaska, Hawaii, （8）Maine, and five other states took similar action.  Several other states are considering medical marijuana laws.
The state laws do not make marijuana legal or change the criminal for possessing, growing or selling marijuana.  Instead, they permit very sick patients to use the drug without （9）criminal （10）penalties. 
The Clinton administration moved to close down the Oakland California cooperative in Nineteen-Ninety-Eight.  They said that the group's actions violated³ the Controlled Substances Act.  A federal judge agreed.  He said that federal law replaces state law when the two （11）conflict.  He said that the federal government was well within its rights to close the cooperative. 
Then a federal appeals court changed that decision. It ruled that the cooperative could continue providing marijuana to those who could prove it was a medical necessity.
The Clinton administration appealed to the Supreme Court.  They argued that the appeals court ruling could weaken federal drug laws. The Supreme Court ordered the cooperative to remain closed until it could decide the case.  
In its decision this week, the Supreme Court ruled that there is no acceptable⁴ medical use of marijuana in any situation. But three of the justices said the court majority went too far on this issue. They said the ruling should not prevent a person with a life-threatening disease from using the drug to avoid further suffering. They also said the ruling could cause （12）tension between the federal government and states that have passed medical marijuana laws.
Supporters of medical marijuana say the drug provides （13）effective relief for cancer patients and people with AIDS.  They say people should not suffer unnecessarily when other treatments fail.
But opponents say there are many legal drugs that contain the same chemical in marijuana. They say the real goal of the medical marijuana movement is to make the drug legal for non-medical use.
This VOA Special English program, IN THE NEWS, was written by Cynthia Kirk.  This is Steve Ember.

注释：
（1） marijuana[mArI5hwB:nE]n.[植]大麻n.[植]大麻, 大麻干叶和花
（2） medical[ 5medikEl ]n.医生, 体格检查adj.医学的, 内科的
（3） federal[ 5fedErEl ]adj.联邦的, 联合的
（4） Oakland[ 5EuklEnd ]奥克兰[美国加利福尼亚州西部港市]
（5） cannabis[ 5kAnEbis ]n.(=hemp)大麻, 大麻雌花顶部
（6） cooperative[ kEu5CpErEtiv ]adj.合作的, 协力的
（7） supreme[ sju:5pri:m ]adj.极度的, 极大的
（8） Maine[ mein ]n.缅因州(美国东北角的州)
（9） criminal[ 5kriminl ]n.罪犯, 犯罪者adj.犯罪的, 犯法的
（10） penalty[ 5penlti ]n.处罚, 罚款
（11） conflict[ 5kCnflikt ]n.斗争, 冲突vi.抵触, 冲突
（12） tension[ 5tenFEn ]n.紧张(状态), 不安
（13） effective[ i5fektiv ]adj.有效的, 被实施的

1 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

2 cooperative   

adj.有合作意向的，合作的；n.合作社（企业）等

参考例句：

• The workmen are very cooperative,so the work goes on smoothly.工人们十分合作，所以工作进展顺利。
• We decided to set up a cooperative.我们决定开办一家合作社。

3 violated   

亵渎( violate的过去式和过去分词 )； 违反； 侵犯； 强奸

参考例句：

• Note that thick, strong angles of tibia are not violated. 注意肥厚、结实的胫骨成角部分未受损坏。
• The soldiers violated the church by using it as a stable. 士兵们把教堂当马厩，亵渎了教堂。

4 acceptable   

adj.可接受的，合意的，受欢迎的

参考例句：

• The terms of the contract are acceptable to us.我们认为这个合同的条件可以接受。
• Air pollution in the city had reached four times the acceptable levels.这座城市的空气污染程度曾高达可接受标准的四倍。