VOA标准英语2009年-Nobel Laureate Announces Growth of Micro-L

Global recognition including the Nobel Peace Prize and the Presidential Medal of Freedom has not kept Muhammad Yunus from his main goal - getting people out of poverty with the help of small loan-interest loans. The Nobel Laureate announced that his banking¹ organization, Grameen America, has issued micro-loans to 1000 low-income borrowers in the United States.

Muhammad Yunus says he is on a mission to make the financial system accessible to every human being on the planet, whether they reside in a village in his native Bangladesh, or in the financial capital of the world - New York City.
　
President Barack Obama (l) places a 2009 Presidential Medal of Freedom around the neck of Muhammad Yunus at the White House, 12 Aug 2009

Hours before receiving the Presidential Medal of Freedom from U.S. President Barack Obama in the White House Wednesday, Yunus told reporters in Washington that credit should be a human right available to anyone who needs it.

"Now we can build a new kind of financial system, a financial system which can work just like we do in Jackson Heights, giving people who are never able to open even a bank account, forget about taking a loan," said Muhammad Yunus.

Yunus began giving small personal loans to women in Bangladesh in the 1970's. The villagers eventually paid him back with interest, and this money was put back into the system, to provide loans to more low-income women.

Yunus was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his work in 2006, and his micro-lending program has launched into a worldwide movement.

Since January of last year, Yunus' Grameen America has lent over $2 million to U.S. women at or below the poverty line, allowing them to start or expand a small business. The loans are low-interest and collateral² free, and so far, Yunus says they have been paid back at a rate of nearly 100-percent, despite a recession.

The Nobel Laureate says his locally-based micro-credit programs are unaffected by the global economic crisis.

"It's tied to real economy, not paper based economy where you create a fantasy world of finance, and that's what created the crisis, so we don't belong to the fantasy world," he said.

Yunus says micro-credit programs are especially vital at a time when unemployment rates are rising. He encourages governments to give people options that include the ability to become self-sufficient with the help of small, low-interest loans.

"They will build their own employment and in the process they will inspire other people that look I can handle myself, because I am an experienced person, I am a skilled person, why should I be sitting around and taking government money and live my life," said Yunus.

Yunus is taking this message and his micro-lending services to other parts of the U.S., as well as China, hoping to help lift more people out of poverty.

1 banking   

n.银行业，银行学，金融业

参考例句：

• John is launching his son on a career in banking.约翰打算让儿子在银行界谋一个新职位。
• He possesses an extensive knowledge of banking.他具有广博的银行业务知识。

2 collateral   

adj.平行的；旁系的；n.担保品

参考例句：

• Many people use personal assets as collateral for small business loans.很多人把个人财产用作小额商业贷款的抵押品。
• Most people here cannot borrow from banks because they lack collateral.由于拿不出东西作为抵押，这里大部分人无法从银行贷款。