VOA标准英语2010年-Analysts Have Mixed Expectations Befor

Representatives from about 60 countries are arriving in Kabul for a major international donor¹ conference scheduled for Tuesday.

Sean Maroney | Kabul 19 July 2010

Violence has reached record levels in recent months, as the Taliban intensifies² its insurgency³, and NATO and Afghan forces bear down on militant⁴ strongholds.

Officials view the donor conference in Kabul as the follow-up to a January conference in London where Afghan President Hamid Karzai pitched his plan to reintegrate Taliban militants⁵ willing to lay down their weapons.

At that time, representatives from 60 countries pledged more than $140 million to a fund designed for reintegration.  But last week, the British Ambassador to Afghanistan, William Patey, told reporters that most of this money still has not been provided.

"The U.K. is actually the only country to actually have given, put money - physically⁶ put money - into the reintegration fund," he said. "Other countries have pledged money, but the only check that has been delivered is the U.K.'s check."

Patey says Britain has delivered about $3 million into the hands of the Afghan government for reintegrating militants, and he pledges to deliver even more.

Despite the lack of other concrete donations, the former presidential rival of Mr. Karzai, Abdullah Abdullah, tells VOA he does not doubt the commitment of the international community heading into the Kabul conference.

"But will the Afghan side be able to deliver on what it promises to the people of the Afghanistan or to the international community?  It has failed many times, the Afghan side," he said.

He points to ever-present allegations of government corruption⁷ leveled at the Karzai administration.  Meanwhile, Afghan government officials continue to blame international organizations for their own corruption in the country.

Former Afghanistan Cabinet member Hamidullah Farooqi says the international community ultimately cannot solve Afghanistan's problems by throwing money at them.

"They know the consequences. I do not think that they are going to be able to buy the situation by money," he said. "Only they should sacrifice to defend Afghanistan and defend the region and also defend the international community."

He says this sacrifice will be in the form of a long-term presence in the region and not determined⁸ military withdrawals⁹.

"That will be a repeat of the failed strategy and the failed action which they did in this region in particular," he said.

He says if coalition¹⁰ countries leave Afghanistan completely, a power vacuum will exist, causing more violence as regional powers fight their proxy¹¹ wars.  Regional experts say this is what gave rise to the Afghan Taliban in the 1990s after the Soviets¹² withdrew from the country, and the United States largely left Afghanistan and Pakistan to their own devices.

Karzai critic, Abdullah Abdullah, says the Afghan people need transparency in whatever actions take place.  He says they want a lasting¹³ peace, not a never-ending lineup of international conferences and communiques.

"Behind-the-doors talks, a sort of rubber stamp meeting and then feeding it to the people does not inspire confidence or trust," he said.

U.S. officials say they hope the conference in Kabul will highlight the Afghan government's plan to improve governance and stability in the war-torn country. 

It is the largest international meeting in Afghanistan since the 1970s.  Analysts¹⁴ expect it to focus on generating support for Mr. Karzai's plans to build security and good governance, and reintegrate reconcilable elements of the Taliban into government security forces.

 

1 donor   

n.捐献者；赠送人；(组织、器官等的)供体

参考例句：

• In these cases,the recipient usually takes care of the donor afterwards.在这类情况下，接受捐献者以后通常会照顾捐赠者。
• The Doctor transplanted the donor's heart to Mike's chest cavity.医生将捐赠者的心脏移植进麦克的胸腔。

2 intensifies   

n.（使）增强， （使）加剧( intensify的名词复数 )v.（使）增强， （使）加剧( intensify的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• A clear atmosphere intensifies the blue of the sky. 纯净的空气使天空变得更蓝。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Blowing on fire intensifies the heat. 吹火使热度加强。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 insurgency   

n.起义；暴动；叛变

参考例句：

• And as in China, unrest and even insurgency are widespread. 而在中国，动乱甚至暴乱都普遍存在。 来自互联网
• Dr Zyphur is part an insurgency against this idea. 塞弗博士是这一观点逆流的一部分。 来自互联网

4 militant   

adj.激进的，好斗的；n.激进分子，斗士

参考例句：

• Some militant leaders want to merge with white radicals.一些好斗的领导人要和白人中的激进派联合。
• He is a militant in the movement.他在那次运动中是个激进人物。

5 militants   

激进分子，好斗分子( militant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 几年来，反叛分子一直对政府实施零星的战斗。
• Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 尽管如此，巴勒斯坦的激进分子仍然发射导弹。

6 physically   

adj.物质上，体格上，身体上，按自然规律

参考例句：

• He was out of sorts physically,as well as disordered mentally.他浑身不舒服，心绪也很乱。
• Every time I think about it I feel physically sick.一想起那件事我就感到极恶心。

7 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

8 determined   

adj.坚定的；有决心的

参考例句：

• I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
• He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。

9 withdrawals   

n.收回，取回，撤回( withdrawal的名词复数 )；撤退，撤走；收回[取回，撤回，撤退，撤走]的实例；推出（组织），提走（存款），戒除毒瘾，对说过的话收回，孤僻

参考例句：

• He has made several withdrawals from his bank account. 他从银行账户上提了几次款。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• It is not the bank's policy to deduct interest on withdrawals. 提款需扣除利息这并非是本银行的政策。 来自辞典例句

10 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

11 proxy   

n.代理权，代表权；（对代理人的）委托书；代理人

参考例句：

• You may appoint a proxy to vote for you.你可以委托他人代你投票。
• We enclose a form of proxy for use at the Annual General Meeting.我们附上委任年度大会代表的表格。

12 soviets   

苏维埃（Soviet的复数形式）

参考例句：

• A public challenge could provoke the Soviets to dig in. 公开挑战会促使苏联人一意孤行。
• The Soviets proposed the withdrawal of American ballistic-missile submarines from forward bases. 苏联人建议把美国的弹道导弹潜艇从前沿基地撤走。

13 lasting   

adj.永久的，永恒的；vbl.持续，维持

参考例句：

• The lasting war debased the value of the dollar.持久的战争使美元贬值。
• We hope for a lasting settlement of all these troubles.我们希望这些纠纷能获得永久的解决。

14 analysts   

分析家，化验员( analyst的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• City analysts forecast huge profits this year. 伦敦金融分析家预测今年的利润非常丰厚。
• I was impressed by the high calibre of the researchers and analysts. 研究人员和分析人员的高素质给我留下了深刻印象。