VOA常速英语2013--叙利亚暴发脊髓灰质炎引发区域传播恐惧

 

Polio Outbreak in Syria Prompts Fears of Regional Spread 叙利亚暴发脊髓灰质炎引发区域传播恐惧

LONDON — An outbreak of polio among children in Syria has the potential to spread rapidly, doctors are warning.  It is Syria’s first polio outbreak in 14 years - and aid agencies have begun emergency vaccination¹ programs.

The province of Deir al-Zour in eastern Syria has seen heavy fighting in recent weeks between government and rebel forces.

叙利亚东部的迪尔艾尔祖尔省最近几周来一直经历政府和叛军之间激烈战斗的炮火洗礼。

Now there is a new emergency.

而现在又出现了新的紧急情况。

Polio has been detected among several children in the area.

在该地区在一些孩子身上已经诊断出脊髓灰质炎。

Oliver Rosenbauer is from the Polio Eradication² Program at the World Health Organization.

世界卫生组织根除小儿痲痹项目的奥利弗·罗斯鲍埃尔说道:

“A lot is still unknown and investigations³ are still ongoing⁴.

很多仍然未知，调查仍在进行当中。

They all appear to be very young so less than age 2 and they all appear to be under or unimmunized," said Rosenbauer.

他们都看起来很小，还不到2岁,而且似乎从未接受过免疫接种,”罗斯鲍埃尔说道。

Before the outbreak of conflict in Syria, the United Nations says 95 percent of children were immunized against the disease.

在叙利亚爆发冲突之前,联合国表示,95%的儿童都曾接种疫苗抵御疾病。

Now there are an estimated half a million children who have not been vaccinated⁵.

而现在据估计大约有50万儿童没有接种。

The World Health Organization, alongside the Syrian Ministry⁶ of Health, has begun a vaccination program targeting 2.4 million children.

世界卫生组织与叙利亚卫生部已经开始针对240万名儿童开始接种项目。

Elias Durry, the WHO's emergency coordinator⁷ for polio eradication in Pakistan, says there is a danger that the outbreak could spread rapidly.

世界卫生组织巴基斯坦地区根除脊髓灰质炎紧急协调员伊莱亚斯·达里表示该疾病爆发的危险可能会迅速蔓延。

“When a virus gets introduced to a country that has not had a lot of immunization in some years, you see really a major outbreak where hundreds of children are getting paralyzed from something that could have been prevented," said Durry.

“当一个国家出现某种病毒而多年来没有大量免疫措施,你很快就会亲眼目睹一个真正的大爆发,数以百计的孩子变得瘫痪，而这种事情本来是可以避免的,” 达里说道。

Polio flourishes in unsanitary conditions and can cause paralysis⁸ and death.

脊髓灰质炎在不卫生条件下的肆虐可能会导致瘫痪和死亡。

It is highly contagious⁹ and children are especially vulnerable.

它具有高度传染性而且儿童对此尤其脆弱。

Nine-hundred days of conflict has taken a big toll¹⁰ on Syria's public health system, says Andrej Mahecic of the U.N. refugee agency.

联合国难民机构安德雷·玛赫西称900天的冲突已经对叙利亚的公共卫生系统造成了巨大损害。

“It is estimated that about half the medical facilities have been affected¹¹ by the conflict in some way.

“据估计,大约一半的医疗设施受到冲突影响。

More than 1,500 doctors have left the country.

1500多名医生已经离开了这个国家。

Certainly a lot more medical staff has also left the country as the crisis continued to unfold.

当然更多的医务人员也随着危机继续陆续离开。

So this certainly has an impact on the conditions inside Syria.”

所以这肯定会影响到叙利亚内部医疗条件。”

The war has forced millions of people from their homes-and refugees are on the move both within Syria and over its borders.

战争迫使成千上万的人离开家园，而且叙利亚境内和边界的难民都在移动。

Again, Andrej Mahecic:

玛赫西再次强调道:

“Mass vaccinations¹² have been taking place among the refugee population in the neighboring countries.

“大规模疫苗接种已经在邻国的难民中开始。

Some of the children have been systematically¹³ vaccinated already on the border, but clearly more needs to be done,

一些孩子已经在边境系统地接种疫苗,但显然需要做更多的工作,

and new vaccinations are being planned in the weeks and months to come," he said.

而且在未来周和几个月内将有新疫苗接种计划,”他说道。

The U.N. this week chartered a plane to fly vaccines¹⁴ and emergency food aid into Beirut-from where it is being trucked into Syria.

联合国本周将会包机从空中喷洒疫苗及投放紧急食品援助贝鲁特—而在那里将会通过卡车运输的方式进入叙利亚。

Aid agencies say the fighting makes access to vulnerable populations extremely difficult.

救援机构表示战事使得接近弱势人群都变得极其困难。

1 vaccination   

n.接种疫苗，种痘

参考例句：

• Vaccination is a preventive against smallpox.种痘是预防天花的方法。
• Doctors suggest getting a tetanus vaccination every ten years.医生建议每十年注射一次破伤风疫苗。

2 eradication   

n.根除

参考例句：

• The eradication of an established infestation is not easy. 根除昆虫蔓延是不容易的。
• This is often required for intelligent control and eradication. 这经常需要灵巧的控制与消除。

3 investigations   

（正式的）调查( investigation的名词复数 )； 侦查； 科学研究； 学术研究

参考例句：

• His investigations were intensive and thorough but revealed nothing. 他进行了深入彻底的调查，但没有发现什么。
• He often sent them out to make investigations. 他常常派他们出去作调查。

4 ongoing   

adj.进行中的，前进的

参考例句：

• The problem is ongoing.这个问题尚未解决。
• The issues raised in the report relate directly to Age Concern's ongoing work in this area.报告中提出的问题与“关心老人”组织在这方面正在做的工作有直接的关系。

5 vaccinated   

[医]已接种的，种痘的，接种过疫菌的

参考例句：

• I was vaccinated against tetanus. 我接种了破伤风疫苗。
• Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child? 你小时候打过天花疫苗吗？

6 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

7 coordinator   

n.协调人

参考例句：

• The UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, headed by the Emergency Relief Coordinator, coordinates all UN emergency relief. 联合国人道主义事务协调厅在紧急救济协调员领导下，负责协调联合国的所有紧急救济工作。
• How am I supposed to find the client-relations coordinator? 我怎么才能找到客户关系协调员的办公室？

8 paralysis   

n.麻痹(症)；瘫痪(症)

参考例句：

• The paralysis affects his right leg and he can only walk with difficulty.他右腿瘫痪步履维艰。
• The paralysis affects his right leg and he can only walk with difficulty.他右腿瘫痪步履维艰。

9 contagious   

adj.传染性的，有感染力的

参考例句：

• It's a highly contagious infection.这种病极易传染。
• He's got a contagious laugh.他的笑富有感染力。

10 toll   

n.过路(桥)费；损失，伤亡人数；v.敲(钟)

参考例句：

• The hailstone took a heavy toll of the crops in our village last night.昨晚那场冰雹损坏了我们村的庄稼。
• The war took a heavy toll of human life.这次战争夺去了许多人的生命。

11 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

12 vaccinations   

n.种痘，接种( vaccination的名词复数 )；牛痘疤

参考例句：

• Vaccinations ensure one against diseases. 接种疫苗可以预防疾病。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I read some publicity about vaccinations while waiting my turn at the doctor's. 在医生那儿候诊时，我读了一些关于接种疫苗的宣传。 来自《简明英汉词典》

13 systematically   

adv.有系统地

参考例句：

• This government has systematically run down public services since it took office.这一屆政府自上台以来系统地削减了公共服务。
• The rainforest is being systematically destroyed.雨林正被系统地毀灭。

14 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。