VOA常速英语2013--未来埃及一年预测会爆发更多斗争

 

More Struggles Predicted in Egypt’s Forecast for Year Ahead 未来埃及一年预测会爆发更多斗争

CAIRO — Egyptian authorities are struggling to bring stability to their nation after nearly three years of uprisings and upheaval¹.  But popular discontent with the latest set of rulers appears to be growing; 2014 offers no guarantee the tumult² is over.

Egyptians take to the streets to depose³ their leader in 2013, the second mass uprising in two years.

埃及人在2013年走上街头推翻他们的领袖,这是2年以来的第二次大规模起义。

They had generous help from the military, which imprisoned⁴ the country's first freely elected president, Islamist Mohamed Morsi, and cracked down on his supporters.

他们得到了来自军方的慷慨帮助,军方将这个国家第一次自由选举出的总统伊斯兰主义者默罕默德·穆尔西关押入狱并且镇压他的支持者们。

The military-backed interim⁵ government has offered a “roadmap” to stability: a new constitution, to be put to a referendum, followed by presidential and parliamentary votes.

而军方支持的临时政府提供了一条稳定的“路线图”:一部新的宪法,将由全民公投和紧随其后的总统和议会选票产生。

At first, many Egyptians supported the new leadership, with its promise to keep Morsi's Muslim Brotherhood⁶ out of the picture.

起初,许多埃及人支持新的领导班子,许诺将穆尔西的穆斯林兄弟会赶出局。

But activist⁷ and prominent blogger Wael Khalil said that's beginning to change.

但维权人士，知名博主威尔·哈利勒称一切正准备发生改变。

"Getting Morsi back in power is not an outcome-is not a probable outcome-so that we are now looking with more scrutiny⁸ at those in power," he said.

“结果不是穆尔西重新掌权,不是一个可能的结果,所以我们现在要更多的审查那些当权者,”他说道。

Anti-government protesters now include more than Morsi's supporters, with secular⁹ and other activists¹⁰ opposing the heavy-handed tactics they thought they'd banished¹¹ in 2011.

反政府抗议者现在比穆尔西的支持者们还要多,而世俗和其他活动人士反对他们认为会在2011年将自己流放的严厉政策。

"More and more people are starting to see, first of all, the return of the police state and how the police is really coming back with a vengeance," Khalil explained.

“越来越多的人开始关注,首先,国家警察的回归及警察如何真正是为了复仇回来,”哈利勒解释道。

There is also economic discontent.

还有对于经济状况的不满。

Unemployment, lack of tourism and investment, plus inflation, especially in the sector¹² of food and other basic commodities, are taking their toll¹³.

失业,缺乏旅游和投资,再加上通货膨胀,特别是食品和其他基本商品的行业正产生负面影响。

The slogan of the 2011 Revolution was "bread, freedom, dignity," something political analyst¹⁴ Hisham Kassem said remains¹⁵ as relevant as ever.

2011年革命的口号是“面包、自由、尊严,”像是西哈姆·卡西姆等的一些政治分析家表示其中仍然一如既往的有密切关系。

"This is a nation that has been pushed to the brink¹⁶ and as long as these issues are not addressed, there will be a third and fourth and a fifth uprising.

“这是一个已经被推到了悬崖边的国家,只要这些问题得不到解决,就会有接二连三的第三和第四,第五次起义。

It's not going to stop, and whether it is the military or the Islamists, whoever is now on the seat needs to deliver," he said.

它不会停止, 现在无论是军方还是伊斯兰主义者掌权都需要提供,”他说道。

But as the government attempts to move forward, not everyone is gloomy.

但随着政府试图前进,不是每个人都感到万分沮丧。

Saad Eddin Ibrahim is the founding chairman of the Ibn Khaldun Center for Development Studies. "There is always a decade or so around in the revolutionary explosion before the volcano settles down and the ashes settle,” he stated.

伊本·赫勒敦发展研究中心的主席萨德·艾丁·伊布拉西姆表示“火山和灰烬消停之前总有十几年时间是革命爆发的爆发期。”他说道。

Egypt, he said, won't take nearly that long, maybe just another year or so.

他表示埃及几乎不会花很长时间,也许只是一年左右。

He believes "revolution fatigue¹⁷" is bound to set in-though the streets of Egypt show no sign of it yet.

尽管埃及的街道没有这种迹象表明，他认为“革命疲劳期”必将出现。

1 upheaval   

n.胀起，(地壳)的隆起；剧变，动乱

参考例句：

• It was faced with the greatest social upheaval since World War Ⅱ.它面临第二次世界大战以来最大的社会动乱。
• The country has been thrown into an upheaval.这个国家已经陷入动乱之中。

2 tumult   

n.喧哗；激动，混乱；吵闹

参考例句：

• The tumult in the streets awakened everyone in the house.街上的喧哗吵醒了屋子里的每一个人。
• His voice disappeared under growing tumult.他的声音消失在越来越响的喧哗声中。

3 depose   

vt.免职；宣誓作证

参考例句：

• The witness is going to depose.证人即将宣誓做证。
• The emperor attempted to depose the Pope.皇帝企图废黜教皇。

4 imprisoned   

下狱，监禁( imprison的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• He was imprisoned for two concurrent terms of 30 months and 18 months. 他被判处30个月和18个月的监禁，合并执行。
• They were imprisoned for possession of drugs. 他们因拥有毒品而被监禁。

5 interim   

adj.暂时的，临时的；n.间歇，过渡期间

参考例句：

• The government is taking interim measures to help those in immediate need.政府正在采取临时措施帮助那些有立即需要的人。
• It may turn out to be an interim technology.这可能只是个过渡技术。

6 brotherhood   

n.兄弟般的关系，手中情谊

参考例句：

• They broke up the brotherhood.他们断绝了兄弟关系。
• They live and work together in complete equality and brotherhood.他们完全平等和兄弟般地在一起生活和工作。

7 activist   

n.活动分子，积极分子

参考例句：

• He's been a trade union activist for many years.多年来他一直是工会的积极分子。
• He is a social activist in our factory.他是我厂的社会活动积极分子。

8 scrutiny   

n.详细检查，仔细观察

参考例句：

• His work looks all right,but it will not bear scrutiny.他的工作似乎很好，但是经不起仔细检查。
• Few wives in their forties can weather such a scrutiny.很少年过四十的妻子经得起这么仔细的观察。

9 secular   

n.牧师，凡人；adj.世俗的，现世的，不朽的

参考例句：

• We live in an increasingly secular society.我们生活在一个日益非宗教的社会。
• Britain is a plural society in which the secular predominates.英国是个世俗主导的多元社会。

10 activists   

n.（政治活动的）积极分子，活动家( activist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His research work was attacked by animal rights activists . 他的研究受到了动物权益维护者的抨击。
• Party activists with lower middle class pedigrees are numerous. 党的激进分子中有很多出身于中产阶级下层。 来自《简明英汉词典》

11 banished   

v.放逐，驱逐( banish的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• He was banished to Australia, where he died five years later. 他被流放到澳大利亚，五年后在那里去世。
• He was banished to an uninhabited island for a year. 他被放逐到一个无人居住的荒岛一年。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 sector   

n.部门，部分；防御地段，防区；扇形

参考例句：

• The export sector will aid the economic recovery. 出口产业将促进经济复苏。
• The enemy have attacked the British sector.敌人已进攻英国防区。

13 toll   

n.过路(桥)费；损失，伤亡人数；v.敲(钟)

参考例句：

• The hailstone took a heavy toll of the crops in our village last night.昨晚那场冰雹损坏了我们村的庄稼。
• The war took a heavy toll of human life.这次战争夺去了许多人的生命。

14 analyst   

n.分析家，化验员；心理分析学家

参考例句：

• What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务？
• The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。

15 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

16 brink   

n.(悬崖、河流等的)边缘，边沿

参考例句：

• The tree grew on the brink of the cliff.那棵树生长在峭壁的边缘。
• The two countries were poised on the brink of war.这两个国家处于交战的边缘。

17 fatigue   

n.疲劳，劳累

参考例句：

• The old lady can't bear the fatigue of a long journey.这位老妇人不能忍受长途旅行的疲劳。
• I have got over my weakness and fatigue.我已从虚弱和疲劳中恢复过来了。