VOA常速英语2015--国内乱局迫使移民渡过地中海

Amnesty: 'Horrific Abuse' Driving Migrants Across Mediterranean¹ 国内乱局迫使移民渡过地中海

LONDON—

This week, Europe will debate setting up a quota² system for allocating³ among EU member states the hundreds of thousands of refugees arriving on the continent. The discussion comes as Amnesty International warns that brutal⁴ treatment of migrants in Libya – including beating, torture and rape⁵ – is driving many to escape across the Mediterranean.

As Europe’s politicians continue to debate immigration, the boats keep on coming. At Reggio Calabria in southern Italy, more than 400 migrants were brought ashore⁷ by German naval⁸ vessels⁹.

就在欧洲政客们仍在就移民进行辩论之时，移民船仍源源不断地开来。在意大利南部的雷焦卡拉布里亚，德国军舰将400多名移民送上岸。

Germany is also bearing the greatest burden of refugees. Over 400,000 asylum¹⁰ seekers are expected to arrive in the country this year – double last year’s total.

德国也在承受着来自难民的最大压力，预测今年将有40多万难民来到该国，是去年总数的两倍。

It prompted German Chancellor¹¹ Angela Merkel to hold an emergency summit Friday, in which she called for European partners to share responsibility.

这就使得德国总理安吉拉·默克尔周五举行了紧急峰会，她在会上呼吁欧洲伙伴国共担责任。

“There will be no alternative to European solidarity¹² to get to a solution,” she said.

“欧洲除了团结一致外没有其他解决办法。”

Hundreds of refugees pass through Italy’s Milan station en route to Germany every week. Volunteer aid worker Susy Iovieno offers them food, clothing and advice. She said Europe must make reforms.

每周都有数百名难民经过意大利的米兰火车站到德国，志愿者援助工人苏西给他们提供食物、衣服和建议，她说欧洲必须进行改革。

She said this is needed "to create a humanitarian¹³ corridor, give the possibility to these people to apply for an entry visa legally, at the different embassies in the neighboring countries like Lebanon, Jordan and Turkey. That would help avoid the illegal transport and risky¹⁴ trips to Europe," she said.

“要建立人道主义走廊，在黎巴嫩、约旦和土耳其等邻国使馆允许这些人合法申请入境签证，这就能帮助避免非法移民，避免他们冒险来欧洲。”

Europe will debate such proposals Wednesday, including a quota system for accepting asylum seekers across member states. Hungary, which is on the route for migrants coming from the Balkans, is one of several nations to have already rejected quotas¹⁵.

周三欧洲将就此类提议进行辩论，包括成员国接受难民的配额体系。位于难民从巴尔干半岛来欧洲途中的匈牙利和其他几个国家已经拒绝接受配额。

“We don't want to see immigrants in Hungary,” said Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban. “If other EU members ask our opinion I say to them that I think you should not want to either.”

匈牙利总理维克多·奥班，“我们不想看到有移民在匈牙利，如果其他欧盟国家问我们的看法，我会跟他们说你们也不想本国有移民。”

Many European states blame the chaos¹⁶ in Libya for the influx¹⁷ of boats – and have called for warships¹⁸ along the Libyan coast.  But that idea is rejected by the interim¹⁹ prime minister of the government set up by militias²⁰ controlling Tripoli, one of two rival administrations for the country.

很多欧洲国家将移民船涌来归咎于利比亚的乱局，并呼吁派遣军舰在利比亚沿海。利比亚两个敌对政府之一民族解救政府的临时总理拒绝接受此类建议。

Khalifa Al Ghweil said "what we want from the European Union is to deal directly with the National Salvation²¹ Government in Tripoli and cooperate with it and provide it with the capabilities²² to curb²³ the migration⁶."

哈里发说“我们希望从欧洲那里得到的，是直接与的黎波里民族解救政府进行解决，并与之进行合作，为其提供遏制移民的能力。”

Human rights group Amnesty International says the migrants are subjected to horrendous²⁴ conditions in Libya – which is driving many to escape across the Mediterranean.

人权组织大赦国际称这些移民在利比亚的处境非常恶劣，这就迫使他们跨过地中海逃难。

“They face widespread labor²⁵ exploitation when they’re forced to work without any pay. They face indefinite detention²⁶ for migration purposes. Inside those detention centers they do face widespread torture and other ill treatment including beatings with sticks, whips, cables,” said Magdalena Mughrabi-Talhami, who works for the organization.

就职于该组织的玛格达莱娜说，“他们普遍遭受劳动剥削，被迫劳动却没有报酬，会因为移民而面临不确定的拘留。在拘留所里他们会普遍遭受拷打和其他虐待，包括用棍棒、鞭子和电缆殴打。”

Meanwhile, Italian divers²⁷ have located the sunken boat in which more than 700 people are thought to have drowned last month off Libya. Many bodies are still trapped inside.

本周，移民们面临的危险已经露出水面，意大利当局在水下打捞出来的视频资料显示，上月这艘载着700多人的船只在利比亚海域沉溺，目前仍有很多尸体被困在船中。

1 Mediterranean   

adj.地中海的；地中海沿岸的

参考例句：

• The houses are Mediterranean in character.这些房子都属地中海风格。
• Gibraltar is the key to the Mediterranean.直布罗陀是地中海的要冲。

2 quota   

n.（生产、进出口等的）配额，（移民的）限额

参考例句：

• A restricted import quota was set for meat products.肉类产品设定了进口配额。
• He overfulfilled his production quota for two months running.他一连两个月超额完成生产指标。

3 allocating   

分配，分派( allocate的现在分词 )； 把…拨给

参考例句：

• Administrative practice generally follows the judicial model in allocating burdens of proof. 在分配举证责任方面，行政实践通常遵循司法模式。
• A cyclical multiplexing technique, allocating resources in fixed-time slices. 以固定的时间片分配资源的循环复用技术。

4 brutal   

adj.残忍的，野蛮的，不讲理的

参考例句：

• She has to face the brutal reality.她不得不去面对冷酷的现实。
• They're brutal people behind their civilised veneer.他们表面上温文有礼，骨子里却是野蛮残忍。

5 rape   

n.抢夺，掠夺，强奸；vt.掠夺，抢夺，强奸

参考例句：

• The rape of the countryside had a profound ravage on them.对乡村的掠夺给他们造成严重创伤。
• He was brought to court and charged with rape.他被带到法庭并被指控犯有强奸罪。

6 migration   

n.迁移，移居，（鸟类等的）迁徙

参考例句：

• Swallows begin their migration south in autumn.燕子在秋季开始向南方迁移。
• He described the vernal migration of birds in detail.他详细地描述了鸟的春季移居。

7 ashore   

adv.在(向)岸上，上岸

参考例句：

• The children got ashore before the tide came in.涨潮前，孩子们就上岸了。
• He laid hold of the rope and pulled the boat ashore.他抓住绳子拉船靠岸。

8 naval   

adj.海军的，军舰的，船的

参考例句：

• He took part in a great naval battle.他参加了一次大海战。
• The harbour is an important naval base.该港是一个重要的海军基地。

9 vessels   

n.血管( vessel的名词复数 )；船；容器；（具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的）人

参考例句：

• The river is navigable by vessels of up to 90 tons. 90 吨以下的船只可以从这条河通过。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• All modern vessels of any size are fitted with radar installations. 所有现代化船只都有雷达装置。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

10 asylum   

n.避难所，庇护所，避难

参考例句：

• The people ask for political asylum.人们请求政治避难。
• Having sought asylum in the West for many years,they were eventually granted it.他们最终获得了在西方寻求多年的避难权。

11 chancellor   

n.(英)大臣；法官；(德、奥)总理；大学校长

参考例句：

• They submitted their reports to the Chancellor yesterday.他们昨天向财政大臣递交了报告。
• He was regarded as the most successful Chancellor of modern times.他被认为是现代最成功的财政大臣。

12 solidarity   

n.团结；休戚相关

参考例句：

• They must preserve their solidarity.他们必须维护他们的团结。
• The solidarity among China's various nationalities is as firm as a rock.中国各族人民之间的团结坚如磐石。

13 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。

14 risky   

adj.有风险的，冒险的

参考例句：

• It may be risky but we will chance it anyhow.这可能有危险，但我们无论如何要冒一冒险。
• He is well aware how risky this investment is.他心里对这项投资的风险十分清楚。

15 quotas   

（正式限定的）定量( quota的名词复数 )； 定额； 指标； 摊派

参考例句：

• In fulfilling the production quotas, John made rings round all his fellow workers. 约翰完成生产定额大大超过他的同事们。
• Quotas of the means of production are allocated by the higher administrative bodies to the lower ones. 物资指标按隶属关系分配。

16 chaos   

n.混乱，无秩序

参考例句：

• After the failure of electricity supply the city was in chaos.停电后，城市一片混乱。
• The typhoon left chaos behind it.台风后一片混乱。

17 influx   

n.流入，注入

参考例句：

• The country simply cannot absorb this influx of refugees.这个国家实在不能接纳这么多涌入的难民。
• Textile workers favoured protection because they feared an influx of cheap cloth.纺织工人拥护贸易保护措施，因为他们担心涌入廉价纺织品。

18 warships   

军舰，战舰( warship的名词复数 )； 舰只

参考例句：

• The enemy warships were disengaged from the battle after suffering heavy casualties. 在遭受惨重伤亡后，敌舰退出了海战。
• The government fitted out warships and sailors for them. 政府给他们配备了战舰和水手。

19 interim   

adj.暂时的，临时的；n.间歇，过渡期间

参考例句：

• The government is taking interim measures to help those in immediate need.政府正在采取临时措施帮助那些有立即需要的人。
• It may turn out to be an interim technology.这可能只是个过渡技术。

20 militias   

n.民兵组织，民兵( militia的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The troops will not attempt to disarm the warring militias. 部队并不打算解除战斗中的民兵武装。 来自辞典例句
• The neighborhood was a battleground for Shiite and Sunni militias. 那里曾是什叶派和逊尼派武装分子的战场。 来自互联网

21 salvation   

n.（尤指基督）救世，超度，拯救，解困

参考例句：

• Salvation lay in political reform.解救办法在于政治改革。
• Christians hope and pray for salvation.基督教徒希望并祈祷灵魂得救。

22 capabilities   

n.能力( capability的名词复数 )；可能；容量；[复数]潜在能力

参考例句：

• He was somewhat pompous and had a high opinion of his own capabilities. 他有点自大，自视甚高。 来自辞典例句
• Some programmers use tabs to break complex product capabilities into smaller chunks. 一些程序员认为，标签可以将复杂的功能分为每个窗格一组简单的功能。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓

23 curb   

n.场外证券市场，场外交易；vt.制止，抑制

参考例句：

• I could not curb my anger.我按捺不住我的愤怒。
• You must curb your daughter when you are in church.你在教堂时必须管住你的女儿。

24 horrendous   

adj.可怕的，令人惊惧的

参考例句：

• He described it as the most horrendous experience of his life.他形容这是自己一生中最可怕的经历。
• The mining industry in China has a horrendous safety record.中国的煤矿工业具有令人不安的安全记录。

25 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

26 detention   

n.滞留，停留；拘留，扣留；(教育)留下

参考例句：

• He was kept in detention by the police.他被警察扣留了。
• He was in detention in connection with the bribery affair.他因与贿赂事件有牵连而被拘留了。

27 divers   

adj.不同的；种种的

参考例句：

• He chose divers of them,who were asked to accompany him.他选择他们当中的几个人，要他们和他作伴。
• Two divers work together while a standby diver remains on the surface.两名潜水员协同工作，同时有一名候补潜水员留在水面上。