VOA常速英语2017--美国称制裁伊朗有理有据

While the Trump¹ administration reviews U.S. policy toward Iran, the United States will continue to counter Iran's malign² activities and hold Iran strictly³ accountable to the requirements of the nuclear deal known as the Joint⁴ Comprehensive Plan of Action, or JCPOA.

虽然特朗普政府重新审视了美国对伊朗的政策，但美国不会改变其对伊朗恶意活动的打击，会让伊朗严格遵守核协议《联合全面行动计划》(JCPOA)的要求。

The U.S. State Department recently certified⁵ to Congress that the conditions of the Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act related to the JCPOA, are met as of July 17, 2017. This means the United States continues to waive⁶ sanctions as required to implement⁷ U.S. sanctions-lifting commitments under the deal.

近日，美国国务院向国会提交书面材料，证明与《联合全面行动计划》有关的《伊朗核协议审查法案》中的条件到2017年7月17日为止已经全部满足。这就意味着，美国会继续豁免对伊朗的制裁，这是该协议下美国对解除制裁的承诺。

But, as State Department Spokesperson Heather Nauert said, the United States considers Iran in default of the spirit of the nuclear agreement in important ways:

不过美国国务院发言人诺尔特(Heather Nauert)表示，美国依然认为伊朗在很多重要方面违背了这份核协议的精神。

Part of what the JCPOA agreement says is Iran is supposed to contribute to regional and international peace and security, and we believe that some of the actions that the Iranian Government has been involved with undermine that stated goal.

《联合全面行动计划》有部分规定指出，伊朗应该为地区和国际和平安全出力。但我们认为，伊朗政府的一些行为与协议中承诺的目标背道而驰。

Iran's destabilizing actions include ballistic missile development and proliferation and much more:

伊朗破坏稳定的行为有研制并扩散弹道导弹，除此之外还有：

Support to terrorism and militancy⁸; it is complicit in the Assad regime's atrocities⁹ against its own people; unrelenting hostility¹⁰ to Israel...They have consistently threatened freedom of navigation, especially in the Persian Gulf¹¹; cyber attacks on the United States, and I can go on.

支持恐怖主义和战争；与阿萨德政权沆瀣一气，对自己的人民实施暴行；对以色列无情的打击……他们还一直威胁着航行自由，尤其是波斯湾地区的航行自由；以及对美国的网络攻击，还不止这些。

In response to these continued threats which are outside the scope of the nuclear deal, the Trump Administration announced 18 sanctions designations on July 18 on individuals and entities¹² involved in materially contributing to the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction or the their means of delivery, activities in support of Iranian military procurement¹³ or elements of the Iranian Revolutionary Guards Corps¹⁴, as well as Iran-based transnational criminal organization associates.

为了回应伊朗一直以来这些超出核协议范围外的威胁举动，特朗普政府于7月18日宣布对伊朗的一些组织和个人实施18项制裁。这些组织和个人涉嫌为下列行为做出过重大贡献：扩散大规模杀伤性武器、增加其交付手段；参加一些活动，支持伊朗军方购置武器、支持伊朗革命卫队分子、支持位于伊朗的跨国犯罪组织成员。

The designations mean that the assets of the individuals and entities subject to U.S. jurisdiction¹⁵ are blocked, and no U.S. person can do business with them. Foreign financial institutions that facilitate significant transactions on behalf of these entities risk being cut off from the U.S. financial system.

美国此次的制裁名单意味着，在美国管辖范围内的这些组织和个人都遭到了封锁，任何美国公民都无法与他们进行交易。国外的金融机构若是帮这些组织从事重大交易，就要面临被美国金融体系排除在外的风险。

As U.S. Treasury¹⁶ Secretary Steven Mnuchin said, the new sanctions send a strong signal that the United States cannot and will not tolerate Iran's provocative¹⁷ and destabilizing behavior. We will continue to target the IRGC and pressure Iran to cease its ballistic missile program and malign activities in the region.

正如美国财政部部长史蒂文 努钦所说的那样，这些新的制裁举措发出了一个强劲的信号，即美国不能也不会容忍伊朗破坏稳定的挑衅行为。我们会继续以伊朗革命卫队为目标，向伊朗施压，让其停止弹道导弹项目和在该地区的恶意活动。

1 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

2 malign   

adj.有害的；恶性的；恶意的；v.诽谤，诬蔑

参考例句：

• It was easy to see why the cartoonists regularly portrayed him as a malign cherub.难怪漫画家总是把他画成一个邪恶的小天使。
• She likes to malign innocent persons.她爱诋毁那些清白的人。

3 strictly   

adv.严厉地，严格地；严密地

参考例句：

• His doctor is dieting him strictly.他的医生严格规定他的饮食。
• The guests were seated strictly in order of precedence.客人严格按照地位高低就座。

4 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

5 certified   

a.经证明合格的；具有证明文件的

参考例句：

• Doctors certified him as insane. 医生证明他精神失常。
• The planes were certified airworthy. 飞机被证明适于航行。

6 waive   

vt.放弃，不坚持(规定、要求、权力等)

参考例句：

• I'll record to our habitat office waive our claim immediately.我立即写信给咱们的总公司提出放弃索赔。
• In view of the unusual circumstances,they agree to waive their requirement.鉴于特殊情况，他们同意放弃他们的要求。

7 implement   

n.(pl.)工具，器具；vt.实行，实施，执行

参考例句：

• Don't undertake a project unless you can implement it.不要承担一项计划，除非你能完成这项计划。
• The best implement for digging a garden is a spade.在花园里挖土的最好工具是铁锹。

8 militancy   

n.warlike behavior or tendency

参考例句：

• Full of militancy and revolutionary ardour, the people of all nationalities in the country are working hard for the realization of the four modernizations. 全国各族人民意气风发， 斗志昂扬，为实现四个现代化而奋战。
• The seniority system is another factor that leads to union militancy. 排资论辈制度也是导致工会好斗争的另一因素。

9 atrocities   

n.邪恶，暴行( atrocity的名词复数 )；滔天大罪

参考例句：

• They were guilty of the most barbarous and inhuman atrocities. 他们犯有最野蛮、最灭绝人性的残暴罪行。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The enemy's atrocities made one boil with anger. 敌人的暴行令人发指。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

10 hostility   

n.敌对，敌意；抵制［pl.］交战，战争

参考例句：

• There is open hostility between the two leaders.两位领导人表现出公开的敌意。
• His hostility to your plan is well known.他对你的计划所持的敌意是众所周知的。

11 gulf   

n.海湾；深渊，鸿沟；分歧，隔阂

参考例句：

• The gulf between the two leaders cannot be bridged.两位领导人之间的鸿沟难以跨越。
• There is a gulf between the two cities.这两座城市间有个海湾。

12 entities   

实体对像； 实体，独立存在体，实际存在物( entity的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Our newspaper and our printing business form separate corporate entities. 我们的报纸和印刷业形成相对独立的企业实体。
• The North American continent is made up of three great structural entities. 北美大陆是由三个构造单元组成的。

13 procurement   

n.采购；获得

参考例句：

• He is in charge of the procurement of materials.他负责物资的采购。
• More and more,human food procurement came to have a dominant effect on their evolution.人类获取食物愈来愈显著地影响到人类的进化。

14 corps   

n.(通信等兵种的)部队；(同类作的)一组

参考例句：

• The medical corps were cited for bravery in combat.医疗队由于在战场上的英勇表现而受嘉奖。
• When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。

15 jurisdiction   

n.司法权，审判权，管辖权，控制权

参考例句：

• It doesn't lie within my jurisdiction to set you free.我无权将你释放。
• Changzhou is under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu Province.常州隶属江苏省。

16 treasury   

n.宝库；国库，金库；文库

参考例句：

• The Treasury was opposed in principle to the proposals.财政部原则上反对这些提案。
• This book is a treasury of useful information.这本书是有价值的信息宝库。

17 provocative   

adj.挑衅的，煽动的，刺激的，挑逗的

参考例句：

• She wore a very provocative dress.她穿了一件非常性感的裙子。
• His provocative words only fueled the argument further.他的挑衅性讲话只能使争论进一步激化。