VOA常速英语2018--美国针对朝鲜半岛无核化推出制裁措施

In an effort to encourage the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, or North Korea, to dismantle¹ its nuclear weapons program, the United Nations Security Council last year passed Resolution 2375, which imposes sanctions on North Korea.

为了鼓动朝鲜放弃核武器项目，联合国安理会去年通过了2375号决议，对朝鲜施加制裁。

The United States is determined² to strictly³ implement⁴ this Resolution.

美国决心严格执行该决议。

Members of the UN Security Council, and by extension all UN member-states, have unanimously agreed to fully⁵ enforce sanctions on North Korea, and we expect them to continue to honor those commitments, said Secretary of State Mike Pompeo:

联合国安理会成员国乃至所有联合国成员国都一直认同要对朝鲜施加充分的制裁，我们希望这些成员国能继续信守承诺，国务卿迈克 蓬佩奥(Mike Pompeo)如是说道。

When sanctions are not enforced, the prospects⁶ for the successful denuclearization are diminished. Right now, North Korea is illegally smuggling⁷ petroleum⁸ products into the country at a level that far exceeds the quotas⁹ established by the United Nations. These illegal ship-to-ship transfers are the most prominent means by which this is happening.

不施加制裁，成功实现无核化的希望就渺茫。目前，朝鲜正非法走私石油产品回国，其总量已经远远超过了联合国规定的配额。这种以非法方式进行船对船交易的行为是朝鲜当前使用的最主要方式。

On August 21, the U.S. Department of the Treasury¹⁰ issued sanctions against two Russian shipping¹¹ companies for the transfer of refined petroleum products to North Korean vessels¹³ and six vessels associated with those firms. The sanctions are pursuant to Executive Order 13810 of September 21, 2017, which targets persons involved in the ship-to-ship transfer of refined petroleum products with North Korea-flagged vessels, an activity expressly prohibited by the UN Security Council.

8月21日，美国财政部对两家俄罗斯航运公司施加了制裁，这两家公司将精炼石油制品转运给朝鲜船只以及6艘与这2家公司有关的船只。此次制裁是根据9月21日13810号总统令，该总统令针对的是参与向朝鲜船只运送船对船精炼石油制品，这种行为是联合国安理会明令禁止的。

The two companies are Primorye Maritime¹⁵ Logistics Co Ltd and Gudzon Shipping Co LLC. Both are based in the Russian port of Vladivostok. Among the six Russian-flagged sanctioned vessels is the Patriot¹⁶, which conducted two ship-to-ship transfers of oil in early 2018: 1,500 tons to the North Korea-flagged vessel¹² Chong Rim¹⁴ 2 and another 2,000 tons to the North Korea-flagged ship Chon Ma San. The buyer was the Taesong Bank, a North Korean entity¹⁷ that has previously¹⁸ been sanctioned by both the U.S. and the UN.

这两家公司是Primorye海上物流公司和Gudzon货运公司。这两家公司都位于俄罗斯港口海参崴。6艘被处罚的俄罗斯船只中有一艘名为爱国者，该船曾于2018年初进行了船对船的石油运输：将1500吨石油运给朝鲜船只Chong Rim 2，并将另外2000吨石油运给朝鲜船只Chon Ma San。买家是Taesong银行，这是一家朝鲜实体，此前曾受到美国和联合国的制裁。

Ship-to-ship transfers with North Korea-flagged vessels from Russia or elsewhere of any goods being supplied, sold, or transferred to or from North Korea are prohibited under the U.N. Security Council resolutions on North Korea and are sanctionable under U.S. law, said Secretary of the Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin in a written statement.

俄罗斯船只向朝鲜船只的船对船运输，或者其他地区与朝鲜之间相互供应、买卖、运输货物的行为是联合国安理会针对朝鲜的决议中所禁止的。根据美国法律，这种行为也是应该得到制裁的，财政部部长史蒂芬 努钦(Steven Mnuchin)在一份纸质声明中如是写道。

Consequences for violating these sanctions will remain in place until we have achieved the final, fully verified denuclearization of North Korea.

违背制裁的后果将依然有效，除非朝鲜能够彻底实现最终的、可验证的无核化。

1 dismantle   

vt.拆开，拆卸；废除，取消

参考例句：

• He asked for immediate help from the United States to dismantle the warheads.他请求美国立即提供援助，拆除这批弹头。
• The mower firmly refused to mow,so I decided to dismantle it.修完后割草机还是纹丝不动，于是，我决定把它拆开。

2 determined   

adj.坚定的；有决心的

参考例句：

• I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
• He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。

3 strictly   

adv.严厉地，严格地；严密地

参考例句：

• His doctor is dieting him strictly.他的医生严格规定他的饮食。
• The guests were seated strictly in order of precedence.客人严格按照地位高低就座。

4 implement   

n.(pl.)工具，器具；vt.实行，实施，执行

参考例句：

• Don't undertake a project unless you can implement it.不要承担一项计划，除非你能完成这项计划。
• The best implement for digging a garden is a spade.在花园里挖土的最好工具是铁锹。

5 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

6 prospects   

n.希望，前途(恒为复数)

参考例句：

• There is a mood of pessimism in the company about future job prospects. 公司中有一种对工作前景悲观的情绪。
• They are less sanguine about the company's long-term prospects. 他们对公司的远景不那么乐观。

7 smuggling   

n.走私

参考例句：

• Some claimed that the docker's union fronted for the smuggling ring.某些人声称码头工人工会是走私集团的掩护所。
• The evidence pointed to the existence of an international smuggling network.证据表明很可能有一个国际走私网络存在。

8 petroleum   

n.原油，石油

参考例句：

• The Government of Iran advanced the price of petroleum last week.上星期伊朗政府提高了石油价格。
• The purpose of oil refinery is to refine crude petroleum.炼油厂的主要工作是提炼原油。

9 quotas   

（正式限定的）定量( quota的名词复数 )； 定额； 指标； 摊派

参考例句：

• In fulfilling the production quotas, John made rings round all his fellow workers. 约翰完成生产定额大大超过他的同事们。
• Quotas of the means of production are allocated by the higher administrative bodies to the lower ones. 物资指标按隶属关系分配。

10 treasury   

n.宝库；国库，金库；文库

参考例句：

• The Treasury was opposed in principle to the proposals.财政部原则上反对这些提案。
• This book is a treasury of useful information.这本书是有价值的信息宝库。

11 shipping   

n.船运（发货，运输，乘船）

参考例句：

• We struck a bargain with an American shipping firm.我们和一家美国船运公司谈成了一笔生意。
• There's a shipping charge of ￡5 added to the price.价格之外另加五英镑运输费。

12 vessel   

n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管

参考例句：

• The vessel is fully loaded with cargo for Shanghai.这艘船满载货物驶往上海。
• You should put the water into a vessel.你应该把水装入容器中。

13 vessels   

n.血管( vessel的名词复数 )；船；容器；（具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的）人

参考例句：

• The river is navigable by vessels of up to 90 tons. 90 吨以下的船只可以从这条河通过。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• All modern vessels of any size are fitted with radar installations. 所有现代化船只都有雷达装置。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

14 rim   

n.(圆物的)边，轮缘；边界

参考例句：

• The water was even with the rim of the basin.盆里的水与盆边平齐了。
• She looked at him over the rim of her glass.她的目光越过玻璃杯的边沿看着他。

15 maritime   

adj.海的，海事的，航海的，近海的，沿海的

参考例句：

• Many maritime people are fishermen.许多居于海滨的人是渔夫。
• The temperature change in winter is less in maritime areas.冬季沿海的温差较小。

16 patriot   

n.爱国者，爱国主义者

参考例句：

• He avowed himself a patriot.他自称自己是爱国者。
• He is a patriot who has won the admiration of the French already.他是一个已经赢得法国人敬仰的爱国者。

17 entity   

n.实体，独立存在体，实际存在物

参考例句：

• The country is no longer one political entity.这个国家不再是一个统一的政治实体了。
• As a separate legal entity,the corporation must pay taxes.作为一个独立的法律实体，公司必须纳税。

18 previously   

adv.以前，先前（地）

参考例句：

• The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
• Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。