巴西食物

 　　Rob: Hello I’m Rob. Welcome to 6 Minute English. I’m joined today by my colleague Grace, who's from Brazil. Hello Grace.

　　Grace: Hi Rob. It's good to be here. But I hope you don't mind my Brazilian accent.

　　Rob: Of course not. Most people have an accent - the important thing is to be able to communicate… and your accent is charming, Grace! So, you're going to talk about Brazilian culture?

　　Grace: Yes, Brazilian food is on the menu today, and we will whet¹ your appetite with language about food.

　　Rob: Great! Well, nothing makes me happier than tasty food! And I'm a bit of a gourmet², you know.

　　Grace: Well, if you are a gourmet - someone who likes high-quality food - you will not be disappointed if you go to Brazil. But first, let me put a question to you.

　　Rob: OK, I like a challenge.

　　Grace: Brazil is the biggest coffee producer in the world. According to the International Coffee Organization, which of these countries is in second place? Is it…

　　a) Colombia

　　b) Indonesia

　　c) Vietnam

　　Rob: Yes, all places that produce coffee but I'm going to go for: a) Colombia.

　　Grace: We’ll find out if you're right or wrong later. Now let’s talk about food.

　　Rob: Good, yes. I'd like to know: if I go to a Brazilian family's home, what will I eat? What's the staple³ food of Brazil?

　　Grace: The basic food in Brazil - the staple food - is rice and beans. You can have it with fried eggs, a steak or some salad. But there's a special dish called 'feijoada'. Thomas Pappon, a Brazilian who blogs about food, explains what it is. And then, tell me: what kind of dish is this?

　　Thomas Pappon, Brazilian food blogger:

　　There’s a sophisticated version of rice and beans which is served during festivities and in every restaurant on Saturdays. It's called 'feijoada'. It's a stew⁴ made of black beans and with pieces of pork. The main dish is served with side dishes such as fried greens and toasted manioc flour. There's no room left for dessert after this!

　　Rob: It's a stew! I like a good stew - a kind of food in which meat or fish or vegetables are cooked slowly with just a little bit of liquid. But no dessert?! I need my dessert, Grace!

　　Grace: The main dish is quite filling, Rob. You won't need a pudding, sweet or fruit afterwards. And there are lots of side dishes with it.

　　Rob: These are small dishes which accompany the main one - and they sound very appetising too.

　　Grace: They sound appetising; in other words, it makes you really want to eat them. And at the end of the meal you wash these dishes down with a 'caipirinha'.

　　Rob: A caipirinha?

　　Grace: A very special Brazilian drink. Thomas Pappon can give you the traditional recipe for it. Listen out for what he does with the lime.

　　Thomas Pappon, Brazilian gastronomy⁵ blogger:

　　You cut a lime into quarters, put it in a glass with a tablespoon - a generous tablespoon - of sugar. You break up the lime by pounding and pressing the lime with a wooden spoon until the sugar is dissolved into the lime juice. Then you add crushed ice, mix it very well and add - of course - the main ingredient here, 'cacha?a' which is a spirit made of sugar cane⁶. I tell you, be adventurous⁷. Why not experiment with other fruits like passion fruit, strawberries or kiwis. Some people dilute⁸ this cocktail⁹ with a bit of water, but most Brazilians like myself, take it without any water at all.

　　Grace: There you go. The traditional caipirinha!

　　Rob: So you break up the lime by pounding it - by hitting or beating it very hard. I think I can do that.

　　Grace: Yes. And, a surprise for you, Rob, I don't have a caipirinha here but I brought a bit of Brazilian cacha?a in this little cup. I brought the bottle from my native Sao Paulo. It's a spirit - a strong alcoholic¹⁰ drink - so be careful with it.

　　Rob: I'll have a little sip¹¹ first time, OK.

　　Grace: Strong, huh?!

　　Rob: Yes.

　　Grace: Are you still on your feet?

　　Rob: Just about, just about.

　　Grace: Good, well let me tell you the answer to the question from the beginning of the programme. Brazil is the biggest coffee producer in the world. I asked which of these countries is in second position. Is it… Colombia, Indonesia or Vietnam?

　　Rob: And I said Colombia.

　　Grace: Well, Rob, I'm afraid it's not right. The correct answer is: c) Vietnam. The other two countries, they are really great producers of coffee as you know but Brazil has been consistently the biggest producer and Vietnam has kept the second place, with roughly half of what Brazil produces. The main types of coffee exported are Arabica and Robusta. Good strong coffee, Rob!

　　Rob: Indeed. Sounds good.

　　Grace: Talking about coffee makes me want a cafezinho, which is a good strong coffee in a small cup as we have in Brazil. And you might need one after the cacha?a, Rob.

　　Rob: I might, indeed.

　　Grace: But first let's recall the words we heard today:

　　Rob: OK, we heard:

　　gourmet

　　staple food

　　stew

　　side dish

　　dessert

　　appetising

　　pounding

　　spirit

　　Grace: Thanks, Rob. Now, shall we go and have our cafezinho?

　　Rob: Well, actually, I'd like some more cacha?a, if that's possible? Please join us soon again for more 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.

　　Both: Saúde! (Cheers!) Bye.

1 whet   

v.磨快，刺激

参考例句：

• I've read only the fIrst few pages of her book,but It was enough to whet my appetIte.她的书我只看了开头几页，但已经引起我极大的兴趣。
• A really good catalogue can also whet customers' appetites for merchandise.一份真正好的商品目录也可以激起顾客购买的欲望。

2 gourmet   

n.食物品尝家；adj.出于美食家之手的

参考例句：

• What does a gourmet writer do? 美食评论家做什么？
• A gourmet like him always eats in expensive restaurants.像他这样的美食家总是到豪华的餐馆用餐。

3 staple   

n.主要产物，常用品，主要要素，原料，订书钉，钩环；adj.主要的，重要的；vt.分类

参考例句：

• Tea is the staple crop here.本地产品以茶叶为大宗。
• Potatoes are the staple of their diet.土豆是他们的主要食品。

4 stew   

n.炖汤，焖，烦恼；v.炖汤，焖，忧虑

参考例句：

• The stew must be boiled up before serving.炖肉必须煮熟才能上桌。
• There's no need to get in a stew.没有必要烦恼。

5 gastronomy   

n.美食法；美食学

参考例句：

• He studied gastronomy but cannot make a living as a cook.他学习了烹饪但却无法靠厨艺过活。
• Burgundy has always been considered a major centre of gastronomy.勃艮第大区一向被视为重要的美食中心。

6 cane   

n.手杖，细长的茎，藤条；v.以杖击，以藤编制的

参考例句：

• This sugar cane is quite a sweet and juicy.这甘蔗既甜又多汁。
• English schoolmasters used to cane the boys as a punishment.英国小学老师过去常用教鞭打男学生作为惩罚。

7 adventurous   

adj.爱冒险的；惊心动魄的，惊险的，刺激的　

参考例句：

• I was filled with envy at their adventurous lifestyle.我很羨慕他们敢于冒险的生活方式。
• He was predestined to lead an adventurous life.他注定要过冒险的生活。

8 dilute   

vt.稀释，冲淡；adj.稀释的，冲淡的

参考例句：

• The water will dilute the wine.水能使酒变淡。
• Zinc displaces the hydrogen of dilute acids.锌置换了稀酸中的氢。

9 cocktail   

n.鸡尾酒；餐前开胃小吃；混合物

参考例句：

• We invited some foreign friends for a cocktail party.我们邀请了一些外国朋友参加鸡尾酒会。
• At a cocktail party in Hollywood,I was introduced to Charlie Chaplin.在好莱坞的一次鸡尾酒会上，人家把我介绍给查理·卓别林。

10 alcoholic   

adj.（含）酒精的，由酒精引起的；n.酗酒者

参考例句：

• The alcoholic strength of brandy far exceeds that of wine.白兰地的酒精浓度远远超过葡萄酒。
• Alcoholic drinks act as a poison to a child.酒精饮料对小孩犹如毒药。

11 sip   

v.小口地喝，抿，呷；n.一小口的量

参考例句：

• She took a sip of the cocktail.她啜饮一口鸡尾酒。
• Elizabeth took a sip of the hot coffee.伊丽莎白呷了一口热咖啡。