西方应修补与土耳其的关系

 　　Next week Joe Biden, US vice-president, visits Turkey, a Nato country whose relations with the west are in deep crisis following July’s botched coup¹. A vast majority of Turkish people believe, rightly or wrongly but nonetheless firmly, that Washington was complicit with the plotters. If it was not involved, the argument goes, the reclusive Islamic cult² leader Fethullah Gulen — accused of masterminding the coup — could not continue to live peacefully, undisturbed by the US justice system in rural Pennsylvania. The EU is likewise criticised for failing to show solidarity³ in the wake of the military’s attempt to depose⁴ the democratically elected government.

　　美国副总统乔?拜登(Joe Biden)将要访问土耳其。在7月土耳其发生未遂政变后，这个北约(Nato)国家和西方的关系陷入了深切的危机。不论是对是错，绝大多数土耳其人深信华盛顿和政变策划者串通。按照这种观点，如果美国没有参与其中，隐居的伊斯兰教另类教派领袖费特胡拉?居伦(Fethullah Gulen)——他被指是此次政变的幕后黑手——就不可能继续在美国宾夕法尼亚州乡间平静地生活，不受美国司法系统打扰。欧洲也因为未能在军队企图推翻民选政府后向土耳其展现出团结而遭到批评。

　　The community of western nations needs to reassure⁵ Turks of its enduring friendship, and of its commitment to Turkey’s future within that community. That is the only way to counter swelling⁶ anti-Americanism and alienation⁷ from the west.

　　西方阵营需要安抚土耳其人，让他们相信西方的持久友谊以及西方对于土耳其作为这个阵营一分子的未来的承诺。这是反制土耳其国内高涨的反美情绪和对西方的疏离感的唯一途径。

　　The pro-western elements within this nation — one that is ever more essential to the west as a strategic ally — sorely need this reassurance⁸ to combat the atmosphere of accusation⁹ and disenfranchisement that could harm Turkey’s transatlantic relations. The task for Washington and Brussels, therefore, is to rebuild trust.

　　土耳其日益成为西方不可或缺的战略伙伴，这个国家的亲西方群体迫切需要这样的安抚，以对抗可能损害土耳其同西方关系的指责与失落的气氛。因此，华盛顿和布鲁塞尔的任务是重建信任。

　　For Washington the key to doing that will be formally to initiate¹⁰, sooner rather than later, the process of extradition¹¹ for Mr Gulen requested by Ankara. It is clear that a political decision by the White House will not be sufficient to achieve this goal. The administration of President Barack Obama has said it would require credible¹³ evidence to comply with any such request, and that such a request should go through a judicial¹⁴ review. Nonetheless the administration can choose to ease the tension in bilateral¹⁵ relations by initiating¹⁶ the judicial process and supporting, as a matter of principle as well as a foreign policy objective, the extradition request.

　　对华盛顿来说，重建信任的关键是尽早正式启动安卡拉所要求的引渡居伦的程序。显然，白宫的政治决定并不足以实现这一目标。巴拉克?奥巴马(Barack Obama)总统的政府已经表示，需要可信的证据才能响应这样的请求，而这样的请求会经过司法审查。尽管如此，奥巴马政府可以选择启动司法程序，并且从原则和外交政策目标角度支持引渡请求，从而缓解双边关系的紧张。

　　For the EU, the formula is more complex. Brussels should first devise a diplomatic response to show solidarity with the Turkish body politic¹². Despite the apparent reluctance¹⁷ of individual EU leaders to meet President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, a visit by a representative delegation¹⁸ of the European Parliament would still be welcomed.

　　对欧盟来说，解决方案更加复杂。布鲁塞尔应该首先构思一种外交回应来表现出与土耳其人民的团结。尽管欧盟领导者个人明显不情愿与土耳其总统雷杰普?塔伊普?埃尔多安(Recep Tayyip Erdogan)会面，但欧洲议会(European Parliament)代表团出访土耳其仍将是一件可喜的事情。

　　For the medium term, however, European and Turkish policymakers should seek to develop a new, more constructive¹⁹ European narrative²⁰ for Turkey. The time has come to do away with the pretence²¹ that accession remains²² a realistic option for the foreseeable future; it is leading to acrimony rather than convergence. Since the coup, criticism of Ankara — justified²³ as it may be — on the grounds of its status as an EU candidate carries no weight.

　　然而，从中期来看，欧洲和土耳其政策制定者应该寻求为土耳其建立一种新的、更具建设性的欧洲叙事。是时候放弃有关土耳其在可预见的将来加入欧盟仍然是一种切实可行选择的假装了；这种假装正在导致恶语相向，而不是一体化。在土耳其发生未遂政变后，把土耳其当作欧盟候选国来批评安卡拉——无论批评本身有没有道理——没有任何份量。

　　EU influence over Turkish affairs remains of mutual²⁴ benefit — but a more realistic goal is needed to keep this critical relationship alive. The country’s recent history proves influence from Brussels can create a virtuous²⁵ cycle of reform and democratic progress.

　　欧盟对土耳其事务的影响力仍是互惠互利，但各方需要一个更加现实的目标来维持这层关键关系。土耳其近期历史证明，来自布鲁塞尔的影响力有助于营造一种改革和民主进步的良性循环。

　　Ideally the new framework would complement²⁶ the accession track and not replace it. The refugee package — whereby Turkey accepts refugees who have reached Europe in exchange for funding and the prospect²⁷ of access to EU visas — has been successful in stemming the flow of incomers and should be a core component²⁸. More advanced economic integration²⁹, improved co-operation on counter-terrorism and closer co-ordination of policies towards the common neighbourhood, including Syria and the wider Middle East, could be other defining features of this renewed relationship.

　　理想情况下，新框架应该补充土耳其入欧轨道，而非取而代之。由土耳其收容抵达欧洲的难民，以换取欧盟资金和免签证待遇的难民方案，成功地遏制了进入欧洲的人流，应该作为新框架的核心组成部分。更进一步的经济一体化、加强反恐合作、加强协调针对共同周边地区（涵盖叙利亚乃至整个中东地区）的政策，可以作为这种新关系的其他关键特征。

　　Washington and Brussels should now move to preserve liberal democracy in Turkey and to consolidate³⁰ Turkey’s western vocation³¹. Their apathy³² in the face of an existential danger barely contained by Turkish democracy is doing the exact opposite.

　　华盛顿和布鲁塞尔现在应该采取行动保住土耳其的自由民主制度，并巩固土耳其的西方定位。它们在土耳其民主政体勉强挫败一个生死存亡的危险时表现出来的冷漠，正在起到反作用。

1 coup   

n.政变；突然而成功的行动

参考例句：

• The monarch was ousted by a military coup.那君主被军事政变者废黜了。
• That government was overthrown in a military coup three years ago.那个政府在3年前的军事政变中被推翻。

2 cult   

n.异教，邪教；时尚，狂热的崇拜

参考例句：

• Her books aren't bestsellers,but they have a certain cult following.她的书算不上畅销书，但有一定的崇拜者。
• The cult of sun worship is probably the most primitive one.太阳崇拜仪式或许是最为原始的一种。

3 solidarity   

n.团结；休戚相关

参考例句：

• They must preserve their solidarity.他们必须维护他们的团结。
• The solidarity among China's various nationalities is as firm as a rock.中国各族人民之间的团结坚如磐石。

4 depose   

vt.免职；宣誓作证

参考例句：

• The witness is going to depose.证人即将宣誓做证。
• The emperor attempted to depose the Pope.皇帝企图废黜教皇。

5 reassure   

v.使放心，使消除疑虑

参考例句：

• This seemed to reassure him and he continued more confidently.这似乎使他放心一点，于是他更有信心地继续说了下去。
• The airline tried to reassure the customers that the planes were safe.航空公司尽力让乘客相信飞机是安全的。

6 swelling   

n.肿胀

参考例句：

• Use ice to reduce the swelling. 用冰敷消肿。
• There is a marked swelling of the lymph nodes. 淋巴结处有明显的肿块。

7 alienation   

n.疏远；离间；异化

参考例句：

• The new policy resulted in the alienation of many voters.新政策导致许多选民疏远了。
• As almost every conceivable contact between human beings gets automated,the alienation index goes up.随着人与人之间几乎一切能想到的接触方式的自动化，感情疏远指数在不断上升。

8 reassurance   

n.使放心，使消除疑虑

参考例句：

• He drew reassurance from the enthusiastic applause.热烈的掌声使他获得了信心。
• Reassurance is especially critical when it comes to military activities.消除疑虑在军事活动方面尤为关键。

9 accusation   

n.控告，指责，谴责

参考例句：

• I was furious at his making such an accusation.我对他的这种责备非常气愤。
• She knew that no one would believe her accusation.她知道没人会相信她的指控。

10 initiate   

vt.开始，创始，发动；启蒙，使入门；引入

参考例句：

• A language teacher should initiate pupils into the elements of grammar.语言老师应该把基本语法教给学生。
• They wanted to initiate a discussion on economics.他们想启动一次经济学讨论。

11 extradition   

n.引渡（逃犯）

参考例句：

• The smuggler is in prison tonight,awaiting extradition to Britain.这名走私犯今晚在监狱，等待引渡到英国。
• He began to trouble concerning the extradition laws.他开始费尽心思地去想关于引渡法的问题。

12 politic   

adj.有智虑的；精明的；v.从政

参考例句：

• He was too politic to quarrel with so important a personage.他很聪明，不会与这么重要的人争吵。
• The politic man tried not to offend people.那个精明的人尽量不得罪人。

13 credible   

adj.可信任的，可靠的

参考例句：

• The news report is hardly credible.这则新闻报道令人难以置信。
• Is there a credible alternative to the nuclear deterrent?是否有可以取代核威慑力量的可靠办法？

14 judicial   

adj.司法的，法庭的，审判的，明断的，公正的

参考例句：

• He is a man with a judicial mind.他是个公正的人。
• Tom takes judicial proceedings against his father.汤姆对他的父亲正式提出诉讼。

15 bilateral   

adj.双方的，两边的，两侧的

参考例句：

• They have been negotiating a bilateral trade deal.他们一直在商谈一项双边贸易协定。
• There was a wide gap between the views of the two statesmen on the bilateral cooperation.对双方合作的问题，两位政治家各自所持的看法差距甚大。

16 initiating   

v.开始( initiate的现在分词 )；传授；发起；接纳新成员

参考例句：

• He is good at initiating projects but rarely follows through with anything. 他善于创建项目，但难得坚持完成。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Only the perchlorate shows marked sensitiveness and possibly initiating properties. 只有高氯酸盐表现有显著的感度和可能具有起爆性能。 来自辞典例句

17 reluctance   

n.厌恶，讨厌，勉强，不情愿

参考例句：

• The police released Andrew with reluctance.警方勉强把安德鲁放走了。
• He showed the greatest reluctance to make a reply.他表示很不愿意答复。

18 delegation   

n.代表团；派遣

参考例句：

• The statement of our delegation was singularly appropriate to the occasion.我们代表团的声明非常适合时宜。
• We shall inform you of the date of the delegation's arrival.我们将把代表团到达的日期通知你。

19 constructive   

adj.建设的，建设性的

参考例句：

• We welcome constructive criticism.我们乐意接受有建设性的批评。
• He is beginning to deal with his anger in a constructive way.他开始用建设性的方法处理自己的怒气。

20 narrative   

n.叙述，故事；adj.叙事的，故事体的

参考例句：

• He was a writer of great narrative power.他是一位颇有记述能力的作家。
• Neither author was very strong on narrative.两个作者都不是很善于讲故事。

21 pretence   

n.假装，作假；借口，口实；虚伪；虚饰

参考例句：

• The government abandoned any pretence of reform. 政府不再装模作样地进行改革。
• He made a pretence of being happy at the party.晚会上他假装很高兴。

22 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

23 justified   

a.正当的，有理的

参考例句：

• She felt fully justified in asking for her money back. 她认为有充分的理由要求退款。
• The prisoner has certainly justified his claims by his actions. 那个囚犯确实已用自己的行动表明他的要求是正当的。

24 mutual   

adj.相互的，彼此的；共同的，共有的

参考例句：

• We must pull together for mutual interest.我们必须为相互的利益而通力合作。
• Mutual interests tied us together.相互的利害关系把我们联系在一起。

25 virtuous   

adj.有品德的，善良的，贞洁的，有效力的

参考例句：

• She was such a virtuous woman that everybody respected her.她是个有道德的女性，人人都尊敬她。
• My uncle is always proud of having a virtuous wife.叔叔一直为娶到一位贤德的妻子而骄傲。

26 complement   

n.补足物，船上的定员；补语；vt.补充，补足

参考例句：

• The two suggestions complement each other.这两条建议相互补充。
• They oppose each other also complement each other.它们相辅相成。

27 prospect   

n.前景，前途；景色，视野

参考例句：

• This state of things holds out a cheerful prospect.事态呈现出可喜的前景。
• The prospect became more evident.前景变得更加明朗了。

28 component   

n.组成部分，成分，元件；adj.组成的，合成的

参考例句：

• Each component is carefully checked before assembly.每个零件在装配前都经过仔细检查。
• Blade and handle are the component parts of a knife.刀身和刀柄是一把刀的组成部分。

29 integration   

n.一体化，联合，结合

参考例句：

• We are working to bring about closer political integration in the EU.我们正在努力实现欧盟內部更加紧密的政治一体化。
• This was the greatest event in the annals of European integration.这是欧洲统一史上最重大的事件。

30 consolidate   

v.使加固，使加强；(把...)联为一体，合并

参考例句：

• The two banks will consolidate in July next year. 这两家银行明年7月将合并。
• The government hoped to consolidate ten states to form three new ones.政府希望把十个州合并成三个新的州。

31 vocation   

n.职业，行业

参考例句：

• She struggled for years to find her true vocation.她多年来苦苦寻找真正适合自己的职业。
• She felt it was her vocation to minister to the sick.她觉得照料病人是她的天职。

32 apathy   

n.漠不关心，无动于衷；冷淡

参考例句：

• He was sunk in apathy after his failure.他失败后心恢意冷。
• She heard the story with apathy.她听了这个故事无动于衷。