日本去年仅接纳28名难民

 　　Japan accepted just 28 refugees in last year, one more than it took in 2015, underscoring its ultra-strict approach to asylum¹ at a time when other nations are increasingly reluctant to take in people fleeing war or persecution².

　　去年日本仅接受了28名难民，比2015年多了一个。在其他国家越来越不愿接受逃离战争或迫害的难民的时候，这一数字突显日本对庇护申请采取超级严格态度。

　　The tiny number of successful claims held steady despite a 44 per cent jump in claims for refugee status to 10,901. That meant a success rate for asylum claims of 0.26 per cent.

　　虽然难民申请猛增44%，达到10901人，但成功申请的人数仍然很少。上述数字意味着庇护申请的成功率为0.26%。

　　As restrictions³ on asylum seekers spread around the world, including moves by president Donald Trump⁴ to ban people from certain countries from entry to the US, the figures highlight how Japan has long operated a system to deter⁵ and reject most seeking asylum.

　　随着对寻求庇护者的限制在全球蔓延，包括美国总统唐纳德?特朗普(Donald Trump)采取行动禁止某些国家的人士入境美国，上述数字突显日本长期运行的机制遏止和拒绝了绝大多数庇护申请。

　　“Japan has a very, very strict refugee policy,” said Eri Ishikawa, chair of the Japan Association for Refugees. “They really prioritise immigration control rather than refugee protection.”

　　日本难民支援协会(Japan Association for Refugees)事务局长石川惠理(Eri Ishikawa)表示：“日本的难民政策非常、非常严格。他们真正优先考虑的是移民控制，而不是难民保护。”

　　There were 1,829 asylum applications from Indonesia, 1,451 from Nepal, 1,412 from the Philippines, 1,143 from Turkey and 1,072 from Vietnam. Among those accepted, seven came from Afghanistan, four from Ethiopia, three from Eritrea and two from Bangladesh.

　　来自印度尼西亚的庇护申请为1829个，来自尼泊尔的1451个，来自菲律宾的1412个，来自土耳其的1143个，来自越南的1072个。被接受的难民中7个来自阿富汗，4个来自埃塞俄比亚，3个来自厄立特里亚，2个来自孟加拉国。

　　Tokyo also granted 97 people humanitarian⁶ leave to remain and resettled 18 refugees from Myanmar who were living in Malaysia.

　　东京方面还基于人道主义理由给予97人居留权，并重新安置了马来西亚收容的18个缅甸难民。

　　Japan accepts these tiny numbers of refugees despite nominally⁷ complying with the same international conventions as countries such as the UK, which granted asylum to 9,975 people in 2015; the US, which admitted 84,994 last year; and Germany, which has taken in hundreds of thousands of Syrians over the past few years.

　　日本名义上与英国等国家遵守相同的国际公约，但只接纳这么少难民。2015年英国给予9975人庇护，2016年美国接纳了84994人，德国在过去几年接纳了数十万叙利亚人。

　　Relatively⁸ few potential applicants¹⁰ reach Japan to start with, since they generally need a passport and a visa. They also need to submit extensive documentation in Japanese.

　　首先，抵达日本的潜在申请者相对较少，因为他们通常需要护照和签证，还需要提交大量日文文件。

　　“Japan has a very unique interpretation¹¹ of the rules on asylum,” said Ms Ishikawa. “An applicant⁹ must be individually targeted by the authorities of their home country. “Even if a Syrian had joined an anti-Assad demonstration¹² and feared to return home, for example, their claim would be rejected.”

　　石川表示：“日本对庇护规则有着非常独特的解释。申请人必须在个人层面受到本国当局的迫害。例如，就算一个叙利亚人参加了反阿萨德示威活动，因而害怕回家，他们的申请也会被拒绝。”

　　Decisions on refugee status can take a number of years, so in practice applicants can receive a tough quasi-asylum in Japan for a period.

　　难民申请的裁决可能需要几年时间，因此在实践中申请人可能在日本度过一段艰难的准庇护时期。

　　Of those ultimately rejected, some are deported¹³, although Japan does not publish clear figures on deportations.

　　至于申请最终遭拒的人，有些被递解出境，不过日本没有公布递解出境的明确数字。

1 asylum   

n.避难所，庇护所，避难

参考例句：

• The people ask for political asylum.人们请求政治避难。
• Having sought asylum in the West for many years,they were eventually granted it.他们最终获得了在西方寻求多年的避难权。

2 persecution   

n. 迫害,烦扰

参考例句：

• He had fled from France at the time of the persecution. 他在大迫害时期逃离了法国。
• Their persecution only serves to arouse the opposition of the people. 他们的迫害只激起人民对他们的反抗。

3 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

4 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

5 deter   

vt.阻止，使不敢，吓住

参考例句：

• Failure did not deter us from trying it again.失败并没有能阻挡我们再次进行试验。
• Dogs can deter unwelcome intruders.狗能够阻拦不受欢迎的闯入者。

6 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。

7 nominally   

在名义上，表面地； 应名儿

参考例句：

• Dad, nominally a Methodist, entered Churches only for weddings and funerals. 爸名义上是卫理公会教徒，可只去教堂参加婚礼和葬礼。
• The company could not indicate a person even nominally responsible for staff training. 该公司甚至不能指出一个名义上负责职员培训的人。

8 relatively   

adv.比较...地，相对地

参考例句：

• The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
• The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。

9 applicant   

n.申请人，求职者，请求者

参考例句：

• He was the hundredth applicant for the job. 他是第100个申请这项工作的人。
• In my estimation, the applicant is well qualified for this job. 据我看, 这位应征者完全具备这项工作的条件。

10 applicants   

申请人，求职人( applicant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• There were over 500 applicants for the job. 有500多人申请这份工作。
• He was impressed by the high calibre of applicants for the job. 求职人员出色的能力给他留下了深刻印象。

11 interpretation   

n.解释，说明，描述；艺术处理

参考例句：

• His statement admits of one interpretation only.他的话只有一种解释。
• Analysis and interpretation is a very personal thing.分析与说明是个很主观的事情。

12 demonstration   

n.表明，示范，论证，示威

参考例句：

• His new book is a demonstration of his patriotism.他写的新书是他的爱国精神的证明。
• He gave a demonstration of the new technique then and there.他当场表演了这种新的操作方法。

13 deported   

v.将…驱逐出境( deport的过去式和过去分词 )；举止

参考例句：

• They stripped me of my citizenship and deported me. 他们剥夺我的公民资格，将我驱逐出境。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The convicts were deported to a deserted island. 罪犯们被流放到一个荒岛。 来自《简明英汉词典》