2013年经济学人 奥巴马公布移民改革计划 美国房市现回暖趋势

 

From NPR News in Washington. I'm Lakshmi Singh.

这里是华盛顿NPR新闻，我是拉克什米·辛格。

President Obama is putting his ideas for immigration overhaul¹ before the people of Las Vegas, Nevada this hour.

现在这个时间，奥巴马总统正在内华达州拉斯维加斯的民众面前宣布他的移民改革计划。

"I'm here today because the time has come for a commonsense², comprehensive immigration reform. The time is now." Obama's visit comes a day after a bipartisan group of senators unveil their own plan for addressing the deeply divisive issue. Jude Joffe-Block, a member of Station KJZZ, reports the bipartisan plan won applause from immigrant advocates.

“我今天来到这里是因为合乎常理的全面移民改革时机已经到来。现在就是那时机。”在参议院两党公布争议很大的移民改革提案的第二天，奥巴马便造访拉斯维加斯。据KJZZ电视台的记者裘德·约菲·布洛克报道，两党合作推出的计划赢得了移民倡导者的赞扬。

Advocates have applauded the senators' plan for including a pathway to citizenship³ for immigrants in the country now without papers. At the same time, their voice concerns that such a path would be contingent⁴ on additional border security measures. Patrick Coyne with the Grass Root Group promised that originally reform to oppose Arizona's immigration enforcement law.

移民倡导者对参议院的计划表示欢迎，该计划包含为美国境内的非法移民者提供获取公民身份的方法。同时，移民倡导者也表示，这种方法也要考虑到额外的边境安全措施。Grass Root Group组织的帕特里克·柯因表示，改革的最初目的是反对亚利桑那州的移民立法。

"We don't need more money being spent on border security. We've got enough out there. We don't need all of these technology to hunt down people like animals."

“我们不需要在边境安全上花费更多的金钱。我们在那上面的投入已经足够了。我们不需要把人当作动物一样的搜捕技术。”

Coyne says policies that promote family unity⁶ should be the focus of a final immigration bill and her group will continue to advocate for that. For NPR News, I'm Jude Joffe-Block in Phoenix⁷.

柯因表示，推广家庭和睦的警察应该关注最终的移民法案，而她的组织将会继续提倡移民改革。NPR新闻，裘德·约菲·布洛克凤凰城报道。

But there is still a fair amount of skepticism surrounding the bipartisan proposal. Jessica Zuckerman with the Heritage Foundation says in principle all seems well.

但是参议院的移民改革提案仍面临相当多的质疑。美国传统基金会的杰西卡·朱克曼表示，总体来说一切进展顺利。

"I don't know if that forge to be the same type of bill that we've seen before, a large comprehensive legislation that tries to address everything at once and fails to recognize that we are not talking about one monolithic⁸ group of illegal immigrants."

“我不知道那是不是我们以前曾经见过的相同类型的提案，一项大型综合性立法试图一次处理所有问题，但是却没有意识到我们并不是在谈论单一群体的非法移民现象。”

Zuckerman is a research associate for homeland security and Latin America at the Heritage Foundation.

朱克曼在传统基金会里担任国土安全和拉丁美洲方面的研究员。

At the United Nations this afternoon, UN peace envoy⁹ for Syria Lakhdar Brahimi is scheduled to brief the Security Council regarding his latest efforts to mediate¹⁰ and end the Syria crisis. Linda Fasulo reports diplomats¹¹ expect international envoy's assessment¹² will be bleak¹³.

联合国方面，今天下午，联合国叙利亚问题和平大使拉赫达尔·卜拉希米，计划向联合国安理会报告其斡旋和停止叙利亚危机所做的最新工作情况。据琳达·法苏洛报道，外交人士预计国际特使的评定是消极的。

Brahimi has been working for a political solution to the Syrian conflicts since last fall to no avail. He is expected to press Security Council members again including Russia which has vetoed three resolutions calling for stronger action. Last week UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon stressed that it was essential for the Council to uphold its responsibility to help resolve the crisis. He also expressed full support for Brahimi. For NPR News, I'm Linda Fasulo, in New York.

卜拉希米自去年秋天一来一直致力于用政治途径解决叙利亚危机，但却没有任何成果。预计他将再次向包括俄罗斯在内的联合国安理会成员施压，俄罗斯已经否决了三项采取更严厉行动的决议。上周，联合国秘书长潘基文强调，联合国安理会承担起解决叙利亚危机的责任非常关键。潘基文表示，他全力支持卜拉希米的工作。NPR新闻，琳达·法苏洛纽约报道。

The Syria crisis will be one of the most pressing issues to confront this country's next Secretary of State and that person is widely expected to be Democratic Senator John Kerry. The lawmaker's nomination¹⁴ was approved this morning by his colleagues on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. The full Senate will decide this afternoon on whether to confirm Kerry.

叙利亚危机对美国下一任国务卿来说也是最紧迫的问题之一，而下一任国务卿很可能会是民主党参议院约翰·克里。今天上午，这位议员的国务卿提名已获得其参议院外交委员会同僚的批准。今天下午，全体参议院成员将决定是否批准克里担任国务卿一职。

At last check on Wall Street, Dow was up 69 points at 13,951.

据华尔街最新消息，道琼斯平均指数上升69点，报13，951点。

You are listening to NPR News.

您正在收听NPR新闻。

Syrian activists¹⁵ are reporting bodies of at least 65 men have been uncovered on the muddy banks of a small river in Aleppo today. The British-based observatory¹⁶ for human rights says many of the victims were found with their hands bound behind their backs. No one is saying who the men were. Rebels and pro-government militia¹⁷ have often blamed each other for mass killings¹⁹.

据叙利亚活动人士提供的消息，今天，阿勒颇一条小河泥泞的河岸上至少散落着65具男子尸体。总部位于英国的人权观察组织表示，大多数受害者被发现时手被反绑在身后。目前没有人清楚这些男子的身份。反对派和亲政府派民间武装组织都将这起大规模杀戮的责任推给对方。

A new scientific study calls a question the use of the phrase shark-attack. NPR's Greg Alan reports from Miami researchers from Florida and Australia say the term is misleading and suggest sharks pose a greater risk to humans than it is actually in the case.

一项新的科学研究对“鲨鱼攻击”这个用法提出了质疑。据NPR新闻的格雷格·艾伦从迈阿密带来的报道，来自佛罗里达州和澳大利亚的研究人员表示，这个说法具有误导性，暗示鲨鱼对人类有巨大的风险，而实际情况却并非如此。

The researchers analyzed²⁰ shark statistics from around the world and found that many so-called attacks involved no injuries to people. Dr. Robert Hueter of Mote⁵ Marine²¹ Laboratory Center in Florida is calling for researchers and the media to stop using the phrase shark-attack which he says wrongly speculated on sharks' motives²² and intentions. He's advocating characterizing them as shark sightings, encounters, bites or fatal bites. In Florida that will change the numbers from six hundred attacks over the last century to just 11 fatal shark bites.

研究人员分析了全世界鲨鱼的数据，发现大多数所谓的袭击并没有人受伤。佛罗里达州莫特海洋实验中心的罗伯特·胡特尔博士呼吁研究人员和媒体停止使用“鲨鱼攻击”这个词组，他表示这个词组错误地设定了鲨鱼的动机和意图。胡特尔博士主张描述为鲨鱼目击，冲突，咬伤或致命咬伤。这样一来，佛罗里达州自上个世纪发生的600起鲨鱼袭击事件的数据，将改写为11起鲨鱼致命咬伤事件。

"And that really changes the public perception on how dangerous it is to go into the water."

“这真的改变了公众对海底危险程度的感知。”

Heuter says more realistic description of shark events will help improve scientists understanding of sharks and discourage governments' sponsor shark-catch. Greg Alan NPR News, Miami.

胡特尔表示，有关鲨鱼事件更多的真实描述将帮助科学家更好地理解鲨鱼，并有效阻止政府捕杀鲨鱼。NPR新闻，格雷格·艾伦迈阿密报道。

Reflecting new life in the housing market, home prices have risen at the highest rate in six years. The Standard and Poor's Case Shiller index increased 5.5% in November from the year before. Prices generally rose at all but one of the city survey was Phoenix, San Francisco and Detroit leading the way.

房屋价格正以六年来的最高速度增长，这表示房地产市场步入新阶段。11月标准普尔凯斯席勒房价指数较上一年同期上涨了5.5%。房屋价格普遍上涨，而一项城市调查显示，凤凰城、旧金山和底特律的房屋价格上涨幅度最大。

I'm Lakshmi Singh, NPR News in Washington.

我是拉克什米·辛格，这里是华盛顿NPR新闻。

划红精讲

1. be contingent on

视…而定，取决于

eg. It would be far more sensible to make plans for fiscal²³ retrenchment²⁴ that are explicitly²⁵ contingent on how the economy recovers.

更为明智的做法是根据经济复苏情况制定财政紧缩计划。

eg. Our arrival time is contingent on the weather.

我们的抵达时间取决于天气情况。

eg. However, those savings²⁶ are contingent on a host of new systems being used in businesses, homes and products around the world.

但是，这些节约有赖于新系统在全球范围内大量应用于商业、家庭和产品。

2. hunt down

追捕到，穷追直至找到（罪犯、敌人等）

eg. Last December they hunted down and killed one of the gangsters²⁷.

去年12月他们追捕到其中一名匪徒并将其击毙。

eg. Those who do not come forward should be hunted down.

对于那些不肯自首的罪犯应予缉拿归案。

eg. It took her four months to hunt him down.

她花了4个月才把他找出来。

3. in principle

原则上，大体上，基本上，总体来说

eg. In principle, both problems have the same solution.

原则上，这两个问题都拥有一个相同的解决方案。

eg. We agree with the scheme in principle, but we think it needs modification²⁸ on certain details.

我们大体上同意这个计划，但在某些细节方面我们认为尚需修改。

eg. As long as the fault is not in principle, through dialogue, generally can be resolved.

只要不是原则性的过失，通过对话，一般都可以解决。

4. brief

adj.短暂的；（衣着）短的；简洁的；简明的

vt.向……介绍基本情况；（尤指事前）向……介绍基本情况；向……下达简令；在……事先向……做简要指点

n.概要；短文；简短声明；（争议一方的情况或论点）要点摘录

eg. In a brief statement, he concentrated entirely²⁹ on international affairs.

他作了一个简短的声明，集中阐述了在国际事务方面的立场。

eg. The secretary of defense³⁰ briefed the president on the enemy's strength.

国防部长向总统简略汇报敌人的兵力。

eg. He briefed all the agents before assigning them.

他在指派代理人之前向他们所有人布置了简要任务。

5. speculate on

考虑，推测

eg. So far, the police can only speculate on the possible motives for the killing¹⁸.

到目前为止，警方还只能推测这起杀人案的动机。

eg. I allowed myself to speculate on the subject, and drew up some short notes.

我专心思考这个问题，作出了一些简短的札记。

eg. I wouldn't like to speculate on the reasons for her resignation.

我不愿意猜测她辞职的原因。

1 overhaul   

v./n.大修，仔细检查

参考例句：

• Master Worker Wang is responsible for the overhaul of this grinder.王师傅主修这台磨床。
• It is generally appreciated that the rail network needs a complete overhaul.众所周知，铁路系统需要大检修。

2 commonsense   

adj.有常识的；明白事理的；注重实际的

参考例句：

• It is commonsense to carry an umbrella in this weather.这种天气带把伞是很自然的。
• These results are no more than a vindication of commonsense analysis.这些结果只不过是按常理分析得出的事实。

3 citizenship   

n.市民权，公民权，国民的义务(身份)

参考例句：

• He was born in Sweden,but he doesn't have Swedish citizenship.他在瑞典出生，但没有瑞典公民身分。
• Ten years later,she chose to take Australian citizenship.十年后，她选择了澳大利亚国籍。

4 contingent   

adj.视条件而定的；n.一组，代表团，分遣队

参考例句：

• The contingent marched in the direction of the Western Hills.队伍朝西山的方向前进。
• Whether or not we arrive on time is contingent on the weather.我们是否按时到达要视天气情况而定。

5 mote   

n.微粒；斑点

参考例句：

• Seeing the mote in one's neighbor's eye,but not the beam in one's own.能看见别人眼里的尘埃，看不见自己眼里的木头。
• The small mote on her forehead distinguishes her from her twin sister.她额头上的这个小斑点是她与其双胞胎妹妹的区别。

6 unity   

n.团结，联合，统一；和睦，协调

参考例句：

• When we speak of unity,we do not mean unprincipled peace.所谓团结，并非一团和气。
• We must strengthen our unity in the face of powerful enemies.大敌当前，我们必须加强团结。

7 phoenix   

n.凤凰，长生(不死)鸟；引申为重生

参考例句：

• The airline rose like a phoenix from the ashes.这家航空公司又起死回生了。
• The phoenix worship of China is fetish worship not totem adoration.中国凤崇拜是灵物崇拜而非图腾崇拜。

8 monolithic   

adj.似独块巨石的；整体的

参考例句：

• Don't think this gang is monolithic.不要以为这帮人是铁板一块。
• Mathematics is not a single monolithic structure of absolute truth.数学并不是绝对真理的单一整体结构。

9 envoy   

n.使节，使者，代表，公使

参考例句：

• Their envoy showed no sign of responding to our proposals.他们的代表对我方的提议毫无回应的迹象。
• The government has not yet appointed an envoy to the area.政府尚未向这一地区派过外交官。

10 mediate   

vi.调解，斡旋；vt.经调解解决；经斡旋促成

参考例句：

• The state must mediate the struggle for water resources.政府必须通过调解来解决对水资源的争夺。
• They may be able to mediate between parties with different interests.他们也许能在不同利益政党之间进行斡旋。

11 diplomats   

n.外交官( diplomat的名词复数 )；有手腕的人，善于交际的人

参考例句：

• These events led to the expulsion of senior diplomats from the country. 这些事件导致一些高级外交官被驱逐出境。
• The court has no jurisdiction over foreign diplomats living in this country. 法院对驻本国的外交官无裁判权。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 assessment   

n.评价；评估；对财产的估价，被估定的金额

参考例句：

• This is a very perceptive assessment of the situation.这是一个对该情况的极富洞察力的评价。
• What is your assessment of the situation?你对时局的看法如何？

13 bleak   

adj.(天气)阴冷的；凄凉的；暗淡的

参考例句：

• They showed me into a bleak waiting room.他们引我来到一间阴冷的会客室。
• The company's prospects look pretty bleak.这家公司的前景异常暗淡。

14 nomination   

n.提名，任命，提名权

参考例句：

• John is favourite to get the nomination for club president.约翰最有希望被提名为俱乐部主席。
• Few people pronounced for his nomination.很少人表示赞成他的提名。

15 activists   

n.（政治活动的）积极分子，活动家( activist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His research work was attacked by animal rights activists . 他的研究受到了动物权益维护者的抨击。
• Party activists with lower middle class pedigrees are numerous. 党的激进分子中有很多出身于中产阶级下层。 来自《简明英汉词典》

16 observatory   

n.天文台，气象台，瞭望台，观测台

参考例句：

• Guy's house was close to the observatory.盖伊的房子离天文台很近。
• Officials from Greenwich Observatory have the clock checked twice a day.格林威治天文台的职员们每天对大钟检查两次。

17 militia   

n.民兵，民兵组织

参考例句：

• First came the PLA men,then the people's militia.人民解放军走在前面，其次是民兵。
• There's a building guarded by the local militia at the corner of the street.街道拐角处有一幢由当地民兵团守卫的大楼。

18 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

19 killings   

谋杀( killing的名词复数 )； 突然发大财，暴发

参考例句：

• His statement was seen as an allusion to the recent drug-related killings. 他的声明被视为暗指最近与毒品有关的多起凶杀案。
• The government issued a statement condemning the killings. 政府发表声明谴责这些凶杀事件。

20 analyzed   

v.分析( analyze的过去式和过去分词 )；分解；解释；对…进行心理分析

参考例句：

• The doctors analyzed the blood sample for anemia. 医生们分析了贫血的血样。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The young man did not analyze the process of his captivation and enrapturement, for love to him was a mystery and could not be analyzed. 这年轻人没有分析自己蛊惑著迷的过程，因为对他来说，爱是个不可分析的迷。 来自《简明英汉词典》

21 marine   

adj.海的；海生的；航海的；海事的；n.水兵

参考例句：

• Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
• When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。

22 motives   

n.动机，目的( motive的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• to impeach sb's motives 怀疑某人的动机
• His motives are unclear. 他的用意不明。

23 fiscal   

adj.财政的，会计的，国库的，国库岁入的

参考例句：

• The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。
• The government has two basic strategies of fiscal policy available.政府有两个可行的财政政策基本战略。

24 retrenchment   

n.节省，删除

参考例句：

• Retrenchment will be necessary. 有必要进行紧缩。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• Defense planners predict an extended period of retrenchment. 国防规划人员预计开支紧缩期会延长。 来自辞典例句

25 explicitly   

ad.明确地，显然地

参考例句：

• The plan does not explicitly endorse the private ownership of land. 该计划没有明确地支持土地私有制。
• SARA amended section 113 to provide explicitly for a right to contribution. 《最高基金修正与再授权法案》修正了第123条，清楚地规定了分配权。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法

26 savings   

n.存款，储蓄

参考例句：

• I can't afford the vacation,for it would eat up my savings.我度不起假，那样会把我的积蓄用光的。
• By this time he had used up all his savings.到这时，他的存款已全部用完。

27 gangsters   

匪徒，歹徒( gangster的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The gangsters offered him a sum equivalent to a whole year's earnings. 歹徒提出要给他一笔相当于他一年收入的钱。
• One of the gangsters was caught by the police. 歹徒之一被警察逮捕。

28 modification   

n.修改，改进，缓和，减轻

参考例句：

• The law,in its present form,is unjust;it needs modification.现行的法律是不公正的，它需要修改。
• The design requires considerable modification.这个设计需要作大的修改。

29 entirely   

ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
• His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。

30 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。