2019年经济学人 一周要闻 嫦娥四号成功着陆月球背面 2019年初股市下跌 苹果在华销量下跌

 

America’s New Horizons spacecraft flew past Ultima Thule. Thule, which is part of the Kuiper belt of asteroids¹ beyond the orbit of Neptune², is the most distant object visited by a machine. It proved to be 33km long and snowman-shaped. Meanwhile, closer to home, China also achieved a first in space: a Chinese robot rover, Chang’E-4, landed on the “dark” side of the Moon invisible from Earth.

美国的“新视野”号宇宙飞船飞越了“天涯海角”。“天涯海角”是海王星轨道以外的小行星柯伊伯带的一部分，它是机器所能探测到的最远的天体。它长33公里，形状似“雪人”。与此同时，目光转向国内，中国也在太空中取得了首个成就:“嫦娥4号”着陆器和“玉兔2号”漫游者降落在地球看不见的月球“黑暗”一侧。

Following December’s tumultuous trading, stockmarkets fell again at the start of 2019. Last year was the worst for markets since the financial crash. The S&P 500 was down by 6% over the year, the FTSE 100 by 12%, the Nasdaq by 4%, and both the Nikkei and Euro Stoxx 50 by 14%. But it was China’s stockmarkets that took the biggest hammering. The CSI 300 index fell by 25%.

在12月的混乱交易之后，股市在2019年初再次下跌。去年是金融危机以来市场最糟糕的一年。过去一年，标准普尔500指数下跌6%，富时100指数下跌12%，纳斯达克指数下跌4%，日经指数和欧洲斯托克50指数均下跌14%。不过中国股市遭受的打击最大。沪深300指数下跌25%。

The rout³ is in part a response to the tightening⁴ of monetary⁵ policy by the Federal Reserve. Last month the Fed raised its benchmark interest rate for the fourth time in 2018, to a range of between 2.25% and 2.5%, but suggested it would lift rates just twice this year.

股市暴跌在一定程度上是对美联储收紧货币政策的回应。上个月，美联储在2018年第四次上调基准利率，利率区间上调至2.25%至2.5%之间，但表示今年只会加息两次。

Investors⁶ were further unnerved this week by Apple’s warning that revenues in the last three months of 2018 were much weaker than it had forecast, because of lower sales in China and because people aren’t upgrading their iPhones as frequently as before. Tesla’s share price took a knock, after it delivered fewer Model 3 cars in the fourth quarter than markets had expected.

苹果(Apple)本周警告称，2018年第四季度的营收远低于预期，原因是在华的销量下跌，以及人们不像以前那样频繁地升级iphone，这令投资者进一步感到不安。特斯拉的股价受到了冲击，此前该公司第四季度交付的Model 3车型低于市场预期。

A Japanese court approved a request to keep Carlos Ghosn in custody⁷ while prosecutors⁸ continue to question him. Mr Ghosn was sacked by Nissan as its chairman amid allegations that he misstated his pay. He was recently “re-arrested”—without ever being released—over new allegations of shifting a private investment loss onto Nissan’s books.

日本一家法院批准将卡洛斯·戈恩拘留，同时检察官继续对他进行讯问。戈恩因被指控谎报薪酬而被日产汽车解雇。最近，他被“再次逮捕”——不过他从未被释放——因为其被控将个人投资损失转嫁到日产汽车的账目上。

1 asteroids   

n.小行星( asteroid的名词复数 )；海盘车，海星

参考例句：

• Asteroids,also known as "minor planets",are numerous in the outer space. 小行星，亦称为“小型行星”，在外太空中不计其数。
• Most stars probably have their quota of planets, meteorids, comets, and asteroids. 多数恒星也许还拥有若干行星、流星、彗星和小行星。

2 Neptune   

n.海王星

参考例句：

• Neptune is the furthest planet from the sun.海王星是离太阳最远的行星。
• Neptune turned out to be a dynamic,stormy world.海王星原来是个有生气、多风暴的世界。

3 rout   

n.溃退，溃败；v.击溃，打垮

参考例句：

• The enemy was put to rout all along the line.敌人已全线崩溃。
• The people's army put all to rout wherever they went.人民军队所向披靡。

4 tightening   

上紧，固定，紧密

参考例句：

• Make sure the washer is firmly seated before tightening the pipe. 旋紧水管之前，检查一下洗衣机是否已牢牢地固定在底座上了。
• It needs tightening up a little. 它还需要再收紧些。

5 monetary   

adj.货币的，钱的；通货的；金融的；财政的

参考例句：

• The monetary system of some countries used to be based on gold.过去有些国家的货币制度是金本位制的。
• Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means.荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题。

6 investors   

n.投资者，出资者( investor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• a con man who bilked investors out of millions of dollars 诈取投资者几百万元的骗子
• a cash bonanza for investors 投资者的赚钱机会

7 custody   

n.监护，照看，羁押，拘留

参考例句：

• He spent a week in custody on remand awaiting sentence.等候判决期间他被还押候审一个星期。
• He was taken into custody immediately after the robbery.抢劫案发生后，他立即被押了起来。

8 prosecutors   

检举人( prosecutor的名词复数 )； 告发人； 起诉人； 公诉人

参考例句：

• In some places,public prosecutors are elected rather than appointed. 在有些地方，检察官是经选举而非任命产生的。 来自口语例句
• You've been summoned to the Prosecutors' Office, 2 days later. 你在两天以后被宣到了检察官的办公室。