2019年经济学人 一周要闻 美国1月就业将创里程碑 “债王”比尔·格罗斯退休 Snap四季度营收创新高

 

India’s central bank cut its key interest rate by a quarter of a percentage point, to 6.25%. It was the first big policy decision taken under the new governor, Shaktikanta Das. Mr Das was given the job after Urjit Patel quit amid a quarrel with the government, which has been nagging¹ the bank to do more to boost the economy ahead of this year’s election.

印度央行将基准利率下调25个基点至6.25%。这是新州长沙克蒂坎塔·达斯(Shaktikanta Das)上任后做出的首个重大政策决定。在乌尔吉特·帕特尔(Urjit Patel)因与政府争吵而辞职后，达斯就任该职位。印度政府一直敦促该行在今年大选前采取更多措施提振经济。

American employers created 304,000 jobs in January, far more than economists² had forecast and the 100th consecutive³ month of job growth. Average hourly wages increased by 3.2% during the 12-months ending in January.

美国雇主在1月份创造了30.4万个就业岗位，远超经济学家的预期，这是美国连续第100个月就业增长。截至1月份，在过去的12个月中，劳动力平均时薪增长了3.2%。

Following bumper⁴ annual earnings⁵ from Chevron⁶, ExxonMobil and Shell, BP more than doubled its headline profit in 2018, to $12.7bn, the most since the downturn in oil prices that began in 2014.

在雪佛龙(Chevron)、埃克森美孚(ExxonMobil)和壳牌(Shell)实现了丰厚的年度利润之后，英国石油公司（BP）2018年的总体利润增长了一倍多，达到127亿美元，这是自2014年油价下跌以来的最高水平。

Despite a widely panned redesign of its app, Snap, the parent company of Snapchat, increased revenues by 36% in the last three months of 2018 compared with the same quarter a year earlier. Having never reported a profit since going public in 2017, investors⁷ took comfort in the halving⁸ of its loss for the quarter, to $192m.

虽然Snapchat对应用重新进行了大改版，但其母公司Snap在2018年第四季度的营收同比增长了36%。自2017年上市以来，该公司从未公布过盈利的财报，投资者对该季度亏损减半至1.92亿美元甚感欣慰。

Sony’s share price tumbled after it reported a big drop in quarterly profit for its gaming division. Rumours⁹ that the Japanese electronics giant might release PlayStation 5 next year, its first update to the gaming console in six years, did little to lift its stock.

索尼公布其游戏部门季度利润大幅下滑后，其股价暴跌。有传言称，这家日本电子巨头可能会在明年发布PlayStation 5，这是该游戏机6年来的首次升级。

Internet companies are removing 72% of content flagged as racist¹⁰ or xenophobic in Europe within 24 hours. That is up from 28% in 2016, when Facebook, Microsoft, Twitter and YouTube presented a voluntary code of conduct on hate speech, which in effect stopped the EU from imposing¹¹ its own restrictions¹².

欧洲互联网公司将在24小时内删除72%被标记为种族主义或仇外的内容。这一比例高于2016年的28%，当时Facebook、微软(Microsoft)、推特（Twitter）和YouTube推出了一项针对仇恨言论的自愿行为准则，而此举阻止了欧盟实施自己的限制。

Gross mistakes

重大过失

Bill Gross announced his retirement¹³ from the investment industry. One of the founders¹⁴ of Pimco, Mr Gross was once known as the Bond King for managing the world’s largest bond fund, which had almost $300bn in assets at its peak. He left Pimco in 2014 after falling out with the firm and has struggled to repeat his success. His current fund manages only $1bn in assets. Summing up the industry in 2010, Mr Gross said “My clients don’t pay me to feel sorry, they pay me to bring them money.”

比尔·格罗斯宣布退出投资行业。格罗斯是太平洋投资管理公司(Pimco)的创始人之一，曾因管理全球最大的债券基金而被誉为“债券天王”，该基金在巅峰时期拥有近3000亿美元资产。2014年，他与太平洋投资管理公司(Pimco)闹不和后离开了公司，他一直努力试图重现个人成就。他目前所在的基金仅管理着10亿美元资产。格罗斯在2010年总结该行业时说:“客户付钱不是因为感到愧疚，他们付钱是为了让我为其谋利。”

1 nagging   

adj.唠叨的，挑剔的；使人不得安宁的v.不断地挑剔或批评（某人）( nag的现在分词 )；不断地烦扰或伤害（某人）；无休止地抱怨；不断指责

参考例句：

• Stop nagging—I'll do it as soon as I can. 别唠叨了—我会尽快做的。
• I've got a nagging pain in my lower back. 我后背下方老是疼。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 economists   

n.经济学家，经济专家( economist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The sudden rise in share prices has confounded economists. 股价的突然上涨使经济学家大惑不解。
• Foreign bankers and economists cautiously welcomed the minister's initiative. 外国银行家和经济学家对部长的倡议反应谨慎。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 consecutive   

adj.连续的，联贯的，始终一贯的

参考例句：

• It has rained for four consecutive days.已连续下了四天雨。
• The policy of our Party is consecutive.我党的政策始终如一。

4 bumper   

n.(汽车上的)保险杠；adj.特大的，丰盛的

参考例句：

• The painting represents the scene of a bumper harvest.这幅画描绘了丰收的景象。
• This year we have a bumper harvest in grain.今年我们谷物丰收。

5 earnings   

n.工资收人；利润，利益，所得

参考例句：

• That old man lives on the earnings of his daughter.那个老人靠他女儿的收入维持生活。
• Last year there was a 20% decrease in his earnings.去年他的收入减少了20%。

6 chevron   

n.V形臂章；V形图案

参考例句：

• He wore shoulderstrap rank slides with sergeant's chevrons.他佩戴标示级别的肩章，上面有中士的V形标志。
• The chevron or arrow road sign indicates a sharp bend to the left or right.V形或箭头路标表示有向左或向右的急转弯。

7 investors   

n.投资者，出资者( investor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• a con man who bilked investors out of millions of dollars 诈取投资者几百万元的骗子
• a cash bonanza for investors 投资者的赚钱机会

8 halving   

n.对分，二等分，减半[航空、航海]等分v.把…分成两半( halve的现在分词 )；把…减半；对分；平摊

参考例句：

• You searched those halving your salary cut your enthusiasm. 你呈现，薪水减半降低了你的任务热情。 来自互联网
• Halving the repeater spacing made it possible to quadruple the bandwidth. 把增音机间隔缩小一半，就能使带宽增加三倍。 来自互联网

9 rumours   

n.传闻( rumour的名词复数 )；风闻；谣言；谣传

参考例句：

• The rumours were completely baseless. 那些谣传毫无根据。
• Rumours of job losses were later confirmed. 裁员的传言后来得到了证实。

10 racist   

n.种族主义者，种族主义分子

参考例句：

• a series of racist attacks 一连串的种族袭击行为
• His speech presented racist ideas under the guise of nationalism. 他的讲话以民族主义为幌子宣扬种族主义思想。

11 imposing   

adj.使人难忘的，壮丽的，堂皇的，雄伟的

参考例句：

• The fortress is an imposing building.这座城堡是一座宏伟的建筑。
• He has lost his imposing appearance.他已失去堂堂仪表。

12 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

13 retirement   

n.退休，退职

参考例句：

• She wanted to enjoy her retirement without being beset by financial worries.她想享受退休生活而不必为金钱担忧。
• I have to put everything away for my retirement.我必须把一切都积蓄起来以便退休后用。

14 founders   

n.创始人( founder的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• He was one of the founders of the university's medical faculty. 他是该大学医学院的创建人之一。 来自辞典例句
• The founders of our religion made this a cornerstone of morality. 我们宗教的创始人把这看作是道德的基石。 来自辞典例句