2019年经济学人 一周要闻 美国枪声再起 新西兰堕胎合法 印度取消克什米尔特权

 

The world this week

本周要闻

Politics

政治

India’s Hindu-nationalist government unexpectedly ended the autonomy granted to Indian-administered Kashmir, splitting it in two, putting local party leaders under house arrest and ordering non-residents, including tourists, to leave. The government poured another 25,000 troops into the region. Pakistan said the move was illegal. Relations between the two countries were already fraught¹ because of an attack by Pakistani-based jihadists on Indian troops in Kashmir six months ago.

印度的印度教民族主义政府意外地结束了印度管辖的克什米尔地区的自治权，将其一分为二，而且将当地政党领导人软禁起来，此外还下令包括游客在内的非居民离境。印度政府向该地区增派了2.5万名士兵。巴基斯坦表示，此举是非法的。6个月前，驻扎在巴基斯坦的圣战分子袭击了驻扎在克什米尔的印度军队，两国之间的关系本来就很紧张。

The Taliban started a fresh round of talks with America’s envoy² for Afghanistan. The talks, held in Qatar, are aiming for a deal under which America will withdraw its troops from Afghanistan, but only if the Taliban starts negotiations³ with the government in Kabul. As they were talking, the Taliban claimed responsibility for a bomb that killed 14 people and wounded 145 in Kabul.

塔利班开始了与美国驻阿富汗大使的新一轮会谈。在卡塔尔举行的这一会谈旨在达成一项协议，根据该协议，美国将从阿富汗撤军，但前提是塔利班开始在喀布尔与政府谈判。就在谈判进行之时，塔利班声称对喀布尔发生的炸弹袭击事件负责，爆炸造成14人死亡，145人受伤。

The Philippines declared a national dengue epidemic⁴. At least 146,000 cases were recorded from January to July, double the number in the same period last year. More than 620 people have died.

菲律宾宣布全国爆发登革热疫情。今年1月至7月，至少有14.6万例确诊病例，是去年同期的两倍。超过620人死亡。

New Zealand’s government introduced a bill to decriminalise abortion⁵ and allow women to seek the procedure up to 20 weeks into a pregnancy⁶. At present a woman has to get permission for an abortion, and may have one only if her pregnancy endangers her physical or mental health. New Zealand’s abortion rate is nevertheless higher than in most European countries.

新西兰政府提出一项法案，将堕胎合法化，并允许女性在怀孕20周内寻求终止妊娠。目前，女性必须获得堕胎许可，只有在怀孕危及其身体或精神健康时才可堕胎。尽管如此，新西兰的堕胎率仍高于大多数欧洲国家。

Would you please just go

能不能别多管闲事

America imposed a complete economic embargo⁷ on the government of Venezuela, freezing all its assets and threatening sanctions against firms that do business with it, unless they have an exemption⁸. The move steps up the pressure on Nicolás Maduro’s socialist⁹ regime. America, along with 50-odd other countries, recognises Juan Guaidó, the opposition¹⁰ leader, as Venezuela’s president, though Mr Maduro is still supported by China and Russia.

美国对委内瑞拉政府实施了全面的经济禁运，冻结了其所有资产，并威胁要制裁与该政府有业务往来的公司，有豁免权的公司除外。此举加大了对尼古拉斯·马杜罗社会主义政权的压力。尽管马杜罗仍得到中国和俄罗斯的支持，但美国和其他50多个国家承认反对派领导人胡安·瓜伊多(Juan Guaido)为委内瑞拉总统。

The head of Brazil’s institute for space research was fired after a spat¹¹ with Jair Bolsonaro, the country’s president, over satellite images that showed a sharp increase in the Amazon’s deforestation. Mr Bolsonaro had questioned the data and said it brought Brazil’s reputation into disrepute.

巴西太空研究所所长被解职，起因是他与该国总统雅伊尔·博尔索纳罗就卫星图像显示亚马逊森林砍伐急剧增加发生了争执。博尔索纳罗曾质疑这些数据，并表示，这些数据让巴西的声誉蒙羞。

The latest mass shootings in America elicited¹² more pleas for gun controls. Even some Republicans said they would support “red-flag laws” that would take guns away from those who are a violent risk. The gunman who slaughtered¹³ 22 people at a Walmart in heavily Hispanic El Paso was in custody¹⁴, as police trawled through an anti-immigrant screed¹⁵ he had written. The shooter who murdered nine people, including his sister, in Dayton was killed by police officers on patrol after 30 seconds of mayhem.

美国最近的大规模枪击事件引发了更多要求枪支管制的呼声。甚至一些共和党人也表示，他们将支持“红旗法案”，该法案将没收那些有暴力危险者的枪支。在以西班牙裔为主的埃尔帕索市，一名枪手在沃尔玛杀害了22人，现已被警方拘留，警方正在搜查他写的一篇反移民的文章。在代顿杀死9人及自己妹妹的枪手在开枪30秒后被巡逻的警察击毙。

1 fraught   

adj.充满…的，伴有(危险等)的；忧虑的

参考例句：

• The coming months will be fraught with fateful decisions.未来数月将充满重大的决定。
• There's no need to look so fraught!用不着那么愁眉苦脸的！

2 envoy   

n.使节，使者，代表，公使

参考例句：

• Their envoy showed no sign of responding to our proposals.他们的代表对我方的提议毫无回应的迹象。
• The government has not yet appointed an envoy to the area.政府尚未向这一地区派过外交官。

3 negotiations   

协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过

参考例句：

• negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
• Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。

4 epidemic   

n.流行病；盛行；adj.流行性的，流传极广的

参考例句：

• That kind of epidemic disease has long been stamped out.那种传染病早已绝迹。
• The authorities tried to localise the epidemic.当局试图把流行病限制在局部范围。

5 abortion   

n.流产，堕胎

参考例句：

• She had an abortion at the women's health clinic.她在妇女保健医院做了流产手术。
• A number of considerations have led her to have a wilful abortion.多种考虑使她执意堕胎。

6 pregnancy   

n.怀孕，怀孕期

参考例句：

• Early pregnancy is often accompanied by nausea.怀孕早期常有恶心的现象。
• Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of miscarriage.怀孕期吸烟会增加流产的危险。

7 embargo   

n.禁运（令）；vt.对...实行禁运，禁止（通商）

参考例句：

• This country put an oil embargo on an enemy country.该国对敌国实行石油禁运。
• During the war,they laid an embargo on commerce with enemy countries.在战争期间，他们禁止与敌国通商。

8 exemption   

n.豁免，免税额，免除

参考例句：

• You may be able to apply for exemption from local taxes.你可能符合资格申请免除地方税。
• These goods are subject to exemption from tax.这些货物可以免税。

9 socialist   

n.社会主义者；adj.社会主义的

参考例句：

• China is a socialist country,and a developing country as well.中国是一个社会主义国家，也是一个发展中国家。
• His father was an ardent socialist.他父亲是一个热情的社会主义者。

10 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

11 spat   

n.口角，掌击；v.发出呼噜呼噜声

参考例句：

• Her parents always have spats.她的父母经常有些小的口角。
• There is only a spat between the brother and sister.那只是兄妹间的小吵小闹。

12 elicited   

引出，探出( elicit的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Threats to reinstate the tax elicited jeer from the Opposition. 恢复此项征税的威胁引起了反对党的嘲笑。
• The comedian's joke elicited applause and laughter from the audience. 那位滑稽演员的笑话博得观众的掌声和笑声。

13 slaughtered   

v.屠杀，杀戮，屠宰( slaughter的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The invading army slaughtered a lot of people. 侵略军杀了许多人。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Hundreds of innocent civilians were cruelly slaughtered. 数百名无辜平民遭残杀。 来自《简明英汉词典》

14 custody   

n.监护，照看，羁押，拘留

参考例句：

• He spent a week in custody on remand awaiting sentence.等候判决期间他被还押候审一个星期。
• He was taken into custody immediately after the robbery.抢劫案发生后，他立即被押了起来。

15 screed   

n.长篇大论

参考例句：

• The screed tired the audience.那篇冗长的演说使听众厌烦了。
• The pro-whaling screed was approved by a much thinner margin:33 votes to 32.关于捕鲸的冗长决议是以33票对32票的微弱差数通过的。