2019年经济学人 一周要闻 华为5G海外破局 中美达成阶段协议 WeWork上市折戟

 

The world this week

本周要闻

Business

商业

Steven Mnuchin, America’s treasury¹ secretary, warned China that a new round of tariffs² would be imposed on Chinese goods in December if it did not adhere to the accord struck between the two countries on October 11th. Under the deal China will buy more American agricultural produce, toughen protections for intellectual property and provide more access to its financial-services market, enough concessions³ to stop America raising tariffs on $250bn-worth of exports. China was cautious about the prospect⁴ for a breakthrough that will end the trade war. Donald Trump⁵ was more ebullient⁶, declaring that the deal amounted to a “love fest”.

美国财政部长姆努钦警告称，如果中国不遵守于10月11日达成的协议，将于12月对中国商品征收新一轮关税。根据该协议，中国将购买更多美国农产品，加强对知识产权的保护，并提供更多进入其金融服务市场的机会，这些让步足以阻止美国对价值2500亿美元的出口产品加征关税。中方对结束贸易战的突破前景持谨慎态度。而特朗普似乎更加情绪高涨，宣称该协议是一场“爱的盛宴”。

Huawei reported that its business supplying 5G network equipment is thriving, despite being blacklisted by the American government, and that to date, it has signed 60 contracts with telecoms companies around the world. The Chinese maker⁷ of telecoms equipment has stockpiled essential components⁸ that are in limited supply from American firms because of the ban.

华为报告称，尽管被美国政府列入黑名单，但其供应5G网络设备的业务正在蓬勃发展，而且迄今为止，该公司已与世界各地的电信公司签署了60份合同。由于这项禁令，这家中国电信设备制造商储备了美国公司限量供应的基本部件。

Goldman Sachs reported a big drop in quarterly profit and revealed that it had lost $80m so far on its investment in WeWork, a loss-making office-rentals startup that had to abort⁹ its long-awaited stockmarket debut¹⁰ when its valuation sank. By contrast, JPMorgan Chase, which was the lead underwriter on WeWork’s IPO, recorded a rise in net profit, to $9.1bn. The bank is said to be working on a financing package for WeWork to stop it running out of cash next month.

高盛(Goldman Sachs)公布季度利润大幅下滑，并披露其对WeWork的投资迄今已亏损8000万美元。WeWork是一家亏损的写字楼租赁初创公司，在估值下跌时不得不中止其期待已久的上市计划。相比之下，WeWork首次公开募股（IPO）的主承销商摩根大通(JPMorgan Chase)净利润增长至91亿美元。据称，该银行正在为WeWork制定一套融资方案，以防止其下个月出现资金短缺。

An international panel of experts reviewing the certification process of Boeing’s 737 MAX jetliner, which has been grounded following two crashes, published a report that was highly critical of the aerospace¹¹ company and the Federal Aviation Administration. The report found that the FAA had “inadequate awareness” of what the plane’s new automated¹² system was supposed to do. On the day it was published, Boeing separated Dennis Muilenburg’s dual¹³ positions as chief executive and chairman, in order to augment¹⁴ the board’s “active oversight¹⁵ role”.

一个评估波音737 MAX喷气式客机认证过程的国际专家小组发布了一份报告（该机型在两起坠机事故后停飞），对这家航空公司和美国联邦航空管理局提出了严厉批评。报告发现，联邦航空局对这架飞机的新自动化系统应该做什么“认识不足”。在报告公布的当天，波音将丹尼斯·穆伦伯格(Dennis Muilenburg)的首席执行官和董事长的职务分离，以强化董事会的“积极监督作用”。

Nestlé said it would return SFr20bn ($20bn) to shareholders¹⁶ over the next few years, after reporting solid revenues and a boost from the sale of its skincare business. The Swiss food-and-drink maker’s share price has risen by a third since January.

雀巢(Nestle)表示，未来几年将向股东返还200亿瑞士法郎(合200亿美元)，此前该公司公布了稳健的营收，并从出售护肤品业务中获得提振。自1月份以来，这家瑞士食品和饮料制造商的股价上涨了三分之一。

1 treasury   

n.宝库；国库，金库；文库

参考例句：

• The Treasury was opposed in principle to the proposals.财政部原则上反对这些提案。
• This book is a treasury of useful information.这本书是有价值的信息宝库。

2 tariffs   

关税制度； 关税( tariff的名词复数 )； 关税表； （旅馆或饭店等的）收费表； 量刑标准

参考例句：

• British industry was sheltered from foreign competition by protective tariffs. 保护性关税使英国工业免受国际竞争影响。
• The new tariffs have put a stranglehold on trade. 新的关税制对开展贸易极为不利。

3 concessions   

n.（尤指由政府或雇主给予的）特许权( concession的名词复数 )；承认；减价；（在某地的）特许经营权

参考例句：

• The firm will be forced to make concessions if it wants to avoid a strike. 要想避免罢工，公司将不得不作出一些让步。
• The concessions did little to placate the students. 让步根本未能平息学生的愤怒。

4 prospect   

n.前景，前途；景色，视野

参考例句：

• This state of things holds out a cheerful prospect.事态呈现出可喜的前景。
• The prospect became more evident.前景变得更加明朗了。

5 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

6 ebullient   

adj.兴高采烈的，奔放的

参考例句：

• He was ebullient over the reception of his novel.他因小说获好评而兴高采烈。
• She wrote the ebullient letter when she got back to her flat.她一回到自己的寓所,就写了那封热情洋溢的信。

7 maker   

n.制造者，制造商

参考例句：

• He is a trouble maker，You must be distant with him.他是个捣蛋鬼，你不要跟他在一起。
• A cabinet maker must be a master craftsman.家具木工必须是技艺高超的手艺人。

8 components   

（机器、设备等的）构成要素，零件，成分； 成分( component的名词复数 )； [物理化学]组分； [数学]分量； （混合物的）组成部分

参考例句：

• the components of a machine 机器部件
• Our chemistry teacher often reduces a compound to its components in lab. 在实验室中化学老师常把化合物分解为各种成分。

9 abort   

v.使流产，堕胎；中止；中止(工作、计划等)

参考例句：

• The captain instructed them to abort the mission.上尉指示他们中止执行任务。
• With this button the user can abort the audio sequence.用户可以用该按钮终止音频序列。

10 debut   

n.首次演出，初次露面

参考例句：

• That same year he made his Broadway debut, playing a suave radio journalist.在那同一年里，他初次在百老汇登台，扮演一个温文而雅的电台记者。
• The actress made her debut in the new comedy.这位演员在那出新喜剧中首次登台演出。

11 aerospace   

adj.航空的，宇宙航行的

参考例句：

• The world's entire aerospace industry is feeling the chill winds of recession.全世界的航空航天工业都感受到了经济衰退的寒意。
• Edward Murphy was an aerospace engineer for the US Army.爱德华·墨菲是一名美军的航宇工程师。

12 automated   

a.自动化的

参考例句：

• The entire manufacturing process has been automated. 整个生产过程已自动化。
• Automated Highway System (AHS) is recently regarded as one subsystem of Intelligent Transport System (ITS). 近年来自动公路系统(Automated Highway System,AHS)，作为智能运输系统的子系统之一越来越受到重视。

13 dual   

adj.双的；二重的，二元的

参考例句：

• The people's Republic of China does not recognize dual nationality for any Chinese national.中华人民共和国不承认中国公民具有双重国籍。
• He has dual role as composer and conductor.他兼作曲家及指挥的双重身分。

14 augment   

vt.(使)增大，增加，增长，扩张

参考例句：

• They hit upon another idea to augment their income.他们又想出一个增加收入的办法。
• The government's first concern was to augment the army and auxiliary forces.政府首先关心的是增强军队和辅助的力量。

15 oversight   

n.勘漏，失察，疏忽

参考例句：

• I consider this a gross oversight on your part.我把这件事看作是你的一大疏忽。
• Your essay was not marked through an oversight on my part.由于我的疏忽你的文章没有打分。

16 shareholders   

n.股东( shareholder的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The meeting was attended by 90% of shareholders. 90%的股东出席了会议。
• the company's fiduciary duty to its shareholders 公司对股东负有的受托责任