2020年经济学人 一周要闻 马来西亚总理辞职 希腊警察居民冲突 埃及前领导人去世

The world this week

本周要闻

politics

政治

Mahathir Mohamad resigned as prime minister of Malaysia, after his own party, Bersatu, decided¹ to leave the ruling coalition². He remains³ in office as a caretaker. Anwar Ibrahim, his long-time rival and leader of Parti Keadilan Rakyat, the biggest party in the coalition, has put himself forward as a replacement⁴.It is unclear whether either man has the support of most MPS.

马哈蒂尔·穆罕默德辞去了马来西亚总理一职。此前，他所属的政党土著团结党决定退出执政联盟。他仍然担任临时领导人。他的长期竞争对手，执政联盟中最大的政党人民公正党的领导人安瓦尔·易卜拉欣已经表示要继任马来西亚总理。目前还不清楚这两人是否得到了大多数议员的支持。

The Afghan army, the insurgents⁵ of the Taliban and NATO forces all pledged to observe a week-long "reduction in violence" in Afghanistan's civil war. If it holds until February 28th, America and the Taliban will sign a peace deal in Qatar on February 29th.

阿富汗军队、塔利班叛乱分子和北约部队都承诺要在阿富汗内战中开始为期一周的“减暴”期。如果该协议持续到2月28日，美国和塔利班将于2月29日在卡塔尔签署一项和平协议。

Thailand's constitutional court disbanded Future Forward, the country's third-biggest political party, and banned its leaders from politics. It is the eighth party the court has dissolved since 2006.

泰国宪法法院解散了该国第三大政党新未来党，并禁止其领导人参政。这是自2006年以来该法院解散的第八个政党。

Narendra Modi,the prime minister of India, summoned a crowd of hundreds of thousands to cheer for Donald Trump⁶. But the American president's visit was marred⁷ by communalriots in Delhi, which claimed 33 lives.

印度总理纳伦德拉·莫迪召集了数十万人，为唐纳德·特朗普欢呼。但是唐纳德·特朗普的访问受到德里的社区骚乱影响，这场骚乱导致33人死亡。

Taur Matan Ruak, the prime minister of East Timor, resigned after parliament voted down his budget. The president must now decide whether to name another prime minister or call elections.

东帝汶总理塔乌尔·马坦·鲁瓦克在议会投票否决他的预算后辞职。他现在必须决定是提名另一位总理还是举行选举。

Boris Johnson, Britain's prime minister, announced a wide-ranging review of the country's place in the world post-Brexit that seeks "innovative⁸ ways" to push overseas interests. Outside experts will be used to challenge "traditional Whitehall assumptions", a nod to Dominic Cummings, Mr Johnson's powerful special adviser⁹, who has clashed with civil servants. Mr Cummings has criticised waste in the Ministry¹⁰ of Defence.

英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊宣布将对英国退欧后在世界上的地位进行全面评估，以寻求推动海外利益的“创新方式”。外部专家将会挑战“传统的白厅假设”，这是对约翰逊的得力特别顾问多米尼克·卡明斯的肯定，后者曾与公务员发生冲突。卡明斯批评了国防部的浪费行为。

Sajid Javid, who resigned as Britain's chancellor¹¹ of the exchequer¹² after a skirmish with Mr Cummings,attacked a move to align¹³ the Treasury¹⁴ more closely with thinking in the prime minister's office. Mr Javid said that this was not in the national interest.

萨伊德·贾维德在与卡明斯发生冲突后辞去了英国财政大臣一职，抨击了将财政部与首相办公室的想法更紧密地结合起来的举措。贾维德表示，这不符合国家利益。

The race to be the next leader of Germany's ruling Christian¹⁵ Democrats¹⁶, and probable chancellor after Angela Merkel quits next year, now has only three runners.

目前，只有三名候选人角逐德国执政党基督教民主党下一任领导人，以及安格拉·默克尔明年卸任后可能的总理。

Armin Laschet, the premier¹⁷ of North Rhine-Westphalia, got a big boost when Jens Spahn, the up-and-coming federal health minister, said he would not contest the race, but would support him instead.

即将上任的联邦卫生部长延斯·斯潘表示将不会参加竞选，但会支持北莱茵-威斯特伐利亚州州长阿明·拉谢特，此后，阿明·拉谢特的支持率大幅提升。

Residents of the Greek islands of Lesbos and Chios fought with riot police in an attempt to stop an expansion of detention¹⁸ camps to house more migrants arriving mostly from the Middle East via Turkey.

希腊莱斯博斯岛和希俄斯岛岛的居民与防暴警察发生冲突，试图阻止拘留营的扩张，收容更多主要从中东经土耳其抵达的移民。

Hosni Mubarak, who ruled Egypt for three decades, died. The former despot was toppled during the Arab spring of 2011, amid protests over poverty and his repressive rule. He faced trial for corruption¹⁹ and murder, but mostly avoided punishment. Many Egyptians expressed nostalgia²⁰ for Mr Mubarak, who ruled with a lighter²¹ touch than the current dictator, Abdel-Fattah al-Sisi.

统治埃及三十年的胡斯尼·穆巴拉克去世。这位前独裁者的统治在2011年的阿拉伯之春中被推翻，当时人们抗议贫穷和他的专制统治。胡斯尼·穆巴拉克面临着腐败和谋杀的审判，但基本上避免了惩罚。许多埃及人表达了对穆巴拉克的怀念之情，与现任独裁者阿卜杜勒-法塔赫塞西相比，穆巴拉克的统治风格较为温和。

1 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

2 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

3 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

4 replacement   

n.取代，替换，交换；替代品，代用品

参考例句：

• We are hard put to find a replacement for our assistant.我们很难找到一个人来代替我们的助手。
• They put all the students through the replacement examination.他们让所有的学生参加分班考试。

5 insurgents   

n.起义，暴动，造反( insurgent的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The regular troops of Baden joined the insurgents. 巴登的正规军参加到起义军方面来了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Against the Taliban and Iraqi insurgents, these problems are manageable. 要对付塔利班与伊拉克叛乱分子，这些问题还是可以把握住的。 来自互联网

6 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

7 marred   

adj. 被损毁, 污损的

参考例句：

• The game was marred by the behaviour of drunken fans. 喝醉了的球迷行为不轨，把比赛给搅了。
• Bad diction marred the effectiveness of his speech. 措词不当影响了他演说的效果。

8 innovative   

adj.革新的，新颖的，富有革新精神的

参考例句：

• Discover an innovative way of marketing.发现一个创新的营销方式。
• He was one of the most creative and innovative engineers of his generation.他是他那代人当中最富创造性与革新精神的工程师之一。

9 adviser   

n.劝告者，顾问

参考例句：

• They employed me as an adviser.他们聘请我当顾问。
• Our department has engaged a foreign teacher as phonetic adviser.我们系已经聘请了一位外籍老师作为语音顾问。

10 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

11 chancellor   

n.(英)大臣；法官；(德、奥)总理；大学校长

参考例句：

• They submitted their reports to the Chancellor yesterday.他们昨天向财政大臣递交了报告。
• He was regarded as the most successful Chancellor of modern times.他被认为是现代最成功的财政大臣。

12 exchequer   

n.财政部；国库

参考例句：

• In Britain the Chancellor of the Exchequer deals with taxes and government spending.英国的财政大臣负责税务和政府的开支。
• This resulted in a considerable loss to the exchequer.这使国库遭受了重大损失。

13 align   

vt.使成一线，结盟，调节；vi.成一线，结盟

参考例句：

• Align the ruler and the middle of the paper.使尺子与纸张的中部成一条直线。
• There are signs that the prime minister is aligning himself with the liberals.有迹象表明首相正在与自由党人结盟。

14 treasury   

n.宝库；国库，金库；文库

参考例句：

• The Treasury was opposed in principle to the proposals.财政部原则上反对这些提案。
• This book is a treasury of useful information.这本书是有价值的信息宝库。

15 Christian   

adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒

参考例句：

• They always addressed each other by their Christian name.他们总是以教名互相称呼。
• His mother is a sincere Christian.他母亲是个虔诚的基督教徒。

16 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

17 premier   

adj.首要的；n.总理，首相

参考例句：

• The Irish Premier is paying an official visit to Britain.爱尔兰总理正在对英国进行正式访问。
• He requested that the premier grant him an internview.他要求那位总理接见他一次。

18 detention   

n.滞留，停留；拘留，扣留；(教育)留下

参考例句：

• He was kept in detention by the police.他被警察扣留了。
• He was in detention in connection with the bribery affair.他因与贿赂事件有牵连而被拘留了。

19 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

20 nostalgia   

n.怀乡病，留恋过去，怀旧

参考例句：

• He might be influenced by nostalgia for his happy youth.也许是对年轻时幸福时光的怀恋影响了他。
• I was filled with nostalgia by hearing my favourite old song.我听到这首喜爱的旧歌，心中充满了怀旧之情。

21 lighter   

n.打火机，点火器；驳船；v.用驳船运送；light的比较级

参考例句：

• The portrait was touched up so as to make it lighter.这张画经过润色，色调明朗了一些。
• The lighter works off the car battery.引燃器利用汽车蓄电池打火。