2020年经济学人 德国企业--傲慢与偏见(1)

Business

商业版块

German business

德国企业

Pride and prejudice

傲慢与偏见

Many guest workers become guest entrepreneurs

许多外籍劳工成为外籍企业家

To the consternation¹ of Ugur Sahin and Ozlem Tureci, much of the couple’s coverage² in the German press focused on their Turkish roots. “Our world can be saved. From Mainz. By children of migrants,” was a headline in Bild, Germany’s best-selling tabloid³. Their story certainly defies the cliche⁴ of owners of doner-kebab stands and fruit-and-vegetable shops— even if Mr Sahin and Ms Tureci, chief executive and chief medical officer, respectively, of BioNTech, would have preferred to read about the details of their firm’s discovery, in partnership⁵ with Pfizer, an American drugmaker, of a highly effective vaccine⁶ against covid-19.

令乌古尔?萨欣和奥然姆?特雷西这对夫妇惊愕的是，德国媒体对他们的报道大多集中在他们的土耳其血统上。“我们的世界是可以由来自美因茨的移民后代拯救的。”这是德国最畅销小报《图片报》的新闻头条。两夫妻的故事经历无疑与旋转烧烤摊摊主和水果蔬菜店老板的陈词滥调相悖——即使BioNTech制药公司的首席执行官萨欣先生和首席医疗官特雷西女士都更愿意阅读自己的公司与美国制药商辉瑞公司合作研发新冠肺炎高效疫苗的细节。

“There are other BioNTechs,” says Rosemarie Kay of the IfM, a think-tank in Bonn. Migrants are much likelier than the average German to start a business. According to a recent survey by KFW, a state-owned development bank, one in four of the 605,000 founders⁷ of firms last year had foreign origins. They are not limited to groceries and gastronomy⁸. Spotted⁹, established by Nik Myftari, a refugee from Kosovo, is a dating website. Novum, created in 1988 by Nader Etmenan, who fled Iran, has become one of Germany’s biggest chains of hotels.

波恩市智库IfM的罗斯玛丽·凯表示：“BioNTechs公司的情况不是个例。”移民比普通德国人创业的可能性要高得多。根据国有开发银行德国复兴信贷银行（KFW）最近一项调查显示，去年的60.5万名公司创业者中有四分之一拥有外国血统。他们不拘泥于食品杂货和美食行业。科索沃难民尼克·梅夫塔里创建了一家名为Spotted的约会网站。逃离伊朗的纳德尔·埃特梅南于1988年创立了诺富姆酒店，该酒店现已成为德国最大的连锁酒店之一。

Immigrants to Germany (like Mr Sahin) or those with at least one parent who was born abroad (like Ms Türeci) number 19.6m, representing 24% of the population. A study from the Bertelsmann Foundation, another think-tank, found that members of this group own 773,000 businesses. Of these, 469,000 are sole traders. The rest are employers, mostly in construction, retail¹⁰ and services. Their numbers are growing. By comparison, the number of other Germans who own businesses declined by 275,000 in the period, to 3.2m.

到德国的移民（如萨欣先生）或父母至少有一方在国外出生的人（如特雷西女士）总计有1960万人，相当于德国人口的24%。据另一家智库贝塔斯曼基金会的一项研究发现，这一群体成员拥有77.3万家企业。其中有46.9万家是个体户。其余的则是雇主，主要从事建筑业、零售业和服务业。而且此类企业数量还在增长。相比之下，由德国人拥有的企业数量在这一时期减少了27.5万，降至320万家。

1 consternation   

n.大为吃惊，惊骇

参考例句：

• He was filled with consternation to hear that his friend was so ill.他听说朋友病得那么厉害，感到非常震惊。
• Sam stared at him in consternation.萨姆惊恐不安地注视着他。

2 coverage   

n.报导，保险范围，保险额，范围，覆盖

参考例句：

• There's little coverage of foreign news in the newspaper.报纸上几乎没有国外新闻报道。
• This is an insurance policy with extensive coverage.这是一项承保范围广泛的保险。

3 tabloid   

adj.轰动性的，庸俗的；n.小报，文摘

参考例句：

• He launched into a verbal assault on tabloid journalism.他口头对小报新闻进行了抨击。
• He believes that the tabloid press has behaved disgracefully.他认为小报媒体的行为不太光彩。

4 cliche   

n./a.陈词滥调(的)；老生常谈(的)；陈腐的

参考例句：

• You should always try to avoid the use of cliche. 你应该尽量避免使用陈词滥调。
• The old cliche is certainly true:the bigger car do mean bigger profits.有句老话倒的确说得不假:车大利大。

5 partnership   

n.合作关系，伙伴关系

参考例句：

• The company has gone into partnership with Swiss Bank Corporation.这家公司已经和瑞士银行公司建立合作关系。
• Martin has taken him into general partnership in his company.马丁已让他成为公司的普通合伙人。

6 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

7 founders   

n.创始人( founder的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• He was one of the founders of the university's medical faculty. 他是该大学医学院的创建人之一。 来自辞典例句
• The founders of our religion made this a cornerstone of morality. 我们宗教的创始人把这看作是道德的基石。 来自辞典例句

8 gastronomy   

n.美食法；美食学

参考例句：

• He studied gastronomy but cannot make a living as a cook.他学习了烹饪但却无法靠厨艺过活。
• Burgundy has always been considered a major centre of gastronomy.勃艮第大区一向被视为重要的美食中心。

9 spotted   

adj.有斑点的，斑纹的，弄污了的

参考例句：

• The milkman selected the spotted cows,from among a herd of two hundred.牛奶商从一群200头牛中选出有斑点的牛。
• Sam's shop stocks short spotted socks.山姆的商店屯积了有斑点的短袜。

10 retail   

v./n.零售；adv.以零售价格

参考例句：

• In this shop they retail tobacco and sweets.这家铺子零售香烟和糖果。
• These shoes retail at 10 yuan a pair.这些鞋子零卖10元一双。